<script type="text/javascript">
          // a globally-scoped variable
        var a = 1;
        // global scope
        function one()
        {
            alert(a);
        }
        // local scope
        function two(a)
        {
            alert(a);
        }
        // local scope again
        function three()
        {
            var a = 3;
            alert(a);
        }
        // Intermediate: no such thing as block scope in javascript
        function four()
        {
            if (true)
            {
                var a = 4;
            }
            alert(a); // alerts '4', not the global value of '1'
        }
        // Intermediate: object properties
        function Five()
        {
            this.a = 5;
        }
        // Advanced: closure
        var six = function ()
        {
            var foo = 6;
            return function ()
            {
                // javascript "closure" means I have access to foo in here, 
                // because it is defined in the function in which I was defined.
                alert(foo);
            }
        }()
        // Advanced: prototype-based scope resolution
        function Seven()
        {
            this.a = 7;
        }
        // [object].prototype.property loses to [object].property in the lookup chain
        Seven.prototype.a = -1; // won't get reached, because 'a' is set in the constructor above.
        Seven.prototype.b = 8; // Will get reached, even though 'b' is NOT set in the constructor.
        // These will print 1-8
        one();
        two(2);
        three();
        four();
        alert(new Five().a);
        six();
        alert(new Seven().a);
        alert(new Seven().b);
</Script>

var obj = {
    value: 0,
    increment: function() {
        this.value+=1;
    }
};
obj.increment(); //Method invocation

<script type="text/javascript">
var value = 500; //Global variable
var obj = {
    value: 0,
    increment: function() {
        this.value++;
        var innerFunction = function() {
            alert(this.value);
        }
        innerFunction(); //Function invocation pattern
    }
}
obj.increment(); //Method invocation pattern
<script type="text/javascript">
Result : 500

<script type="text/javascript">
var value = 500; //Global variable
var obj = {
    value: 0,
    increment: function() {
        var that = this;
        that.value++;
        var innerFunction = function() {
            alert(that.value);
        }
        innerFunction(); //Function invocation pattern
    }
}
obj.increment();
<script type="text/javascript">
Result : 1

 var Dog = function(name) {   
  //this == brand new object ({});    
    this.name = name;    
    this.age = (Math.random() * 5) + 1;
};
var myDog = new Dog('Spike');
//myDog.name == 'Spike'
//myDog.age == 2
var yourDog = new Dog('Spot');
//yourDog.name == 'Spot'
//yourDog.age == 4

var createCallBack = function(init) { //First function
    return new function() { //Second function by Constructor Invocation
        var that = this;
        this.message = init;
        return function() { //Third function
            alert(that.message);
        }
    }
}
window.addEventListener('load', createCallBack("First Message"));
window.addEventListener('load', createCallBack("Second Message"));

var o = {
  i : 0,
  F : function() {
    var a = function() { this.i = 42; };
    a();
    document.write(this.i);
  }
};
o.F();
Result :0

var p = {
  i : 0,
  F : function() {
    var a = function() { this.i = 42; };
    a.apply(this);
    document.write(this.i);
  }
};
 p.F();
Result :42

var q = {
  i: 0,
  F: function F() {
    var that = this;
    var a = function () {
      that.i = 42;
    }
    a();
    document.write(this.i);
  }
}
 q.F();