{
  "name": "asp.net",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
"bootstrap": "3.3.6",
"jquery": "2.2.0",
"jquery-validation": "1.14.0",
"jquery-validation-unobtrusive": "3.2.6"
  }
}

    <script src="~/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/bower_components/jquery-validation/dist/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/bower_components/jquery-validation-unobtrusive/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>
 
    @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
</body>
</html>

// Serve wwwroot as root
app.UseFileServer();
 
// Serve /bower_components as a separate root
app.UseFileServer(new FileServerOptions
{
    // Set root of file server
    FileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "bower_components")),
    // Only react to requests that match this path
    RequestPath = "/bower_components",
    // Don't expose file system
    EnableDirectoryBrowsing = false
});

<environment name="Development">
   <script src="~/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="~/bower_components/jquery-validation/dist/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
   <script src="~/bower_components/jquery-validation-unobtrusive/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>
</environment>

<environment names="Staging, Production">
   <script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"
asp-fallback-src="/bower_components/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"
asp-fallback-test="window.jQuery">
  </script>
   <script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.validate/1.14.0/jquery.validate.min.js"
asp-fallback-src="bower_components/jquery-validation/dist/jquery.validate.min.js"
asp-fallback-test="window.jQuery && window.jQuery.validator">
  </script>
   <script src="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/mvc/5.2.3/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"
asp-fallback-src="/bower_components/jquery-validation-unobtrusive/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"
asp-fallback-test="window.jQuery && window.jQuery.validator && window.jQuery.validator.unobtrusive">
  </script>
</environment>

@Html.ValidationSummary(false)

<div asp-validation-summary="All"></div>

@Html.ValidationSummary(true)

<div asp-validation-summary="ModelOnly"></div>

@Html.ValidationMessageFor(m => m.UserName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })

protected override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
{
    // Bail if we can't do anything
    if (filterContext == null)
        return;

    // log
    var ex = filterContext.Exception ??
            new Exception("No further information exists.");
    // save log ex.Message
    
    filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;

    filterContext.Result = View("ViewName");
    base.OnException(filterContext);
}

protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    var error = Server.GetLastError();
    var code = (error is HttpException) ? (error as HttpException).GetHttpCode() : 500;

    if (code != 404)
    {
        // save log error.Message
    }

    Response.Clear();
    Server.ClearError();

    string path = Request.Path;
    Context.RewritePath(string.Format("~/Errors/Http{0}", code), false);
    IHttpHandler httpHandler = new MvcHttpHandler();
    httpHandler.ProcessRequest(Context);
    Context.RewritePath(path, false);
}

public class ErrorsController : Controller
{
    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult Http404()
    {
        Response.StatusCode = 404;
        return View();
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult Http500()
    {
        Response.StatusCode = 500;
        return View();
    }
}

public class TravelAgent
{
    public TravelAgent()
    {
        this.Bookings = new HashSet<Booking>();
    }

    public int AgentId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Booking> Bookings { get; set; }
}

public class Booking
{
    public int BookingId { get; set; }
    public int AgentId { get; set; }
    public string Customer { get; set; }
    public DateTime BookingDate { get; set; }
    public bool Paid { get; set; }
    public virtual TravelAgent TravelAgent { get; set; }
}

<connectionStrings>
  <add name="Recipe3ConnectionString"
    connectionString="Data Source=.;
    Initial Catalog=EFRecipes;
    Integrated Security=True;
    MultipleActiveResultSets=True"
    providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>

protected void Application_Start()
{
    // Disable Entity Framework Model Compatibilty
    Database.SetInitializer<Recipe1Context>(null);

    // The bidirectional navigation properties between related entities
    // create a self-referencing loop that breaks Web API's effort to
    // serialize the objects as JSON. By default, Json.NET is configured
    // to error when a reference loop is detected. To resolve problem,
    // simply configure JSON serializer to ignore self-referencing loops.
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter
        .SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling =
        Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
    ...
}

public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
      name: "ActionMethodSave",
      routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
      defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional });
}

internal class Program
{
    private HttpClient _client;
    private TravelAgent _agent1, _agent2;
    private Booking _booking1, _booking2, _booking3;
    private HttpResponseMessage _response;

    private static void Main()
    {
        Task t = Run();
        t.Wait();
        Console.WriteLine("\nPress <enter> to continue...");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    private static async Task Run()
    {
        var program = new Program();
        program.ServiceSetup();
        // do not proceed until clean-up is completed
        await program.CleanupAsync();
        program.CreateFirstAgent();
        // do not proceed until agent is created
        await program.AddAgentAsync();
        program.CreateSecondAgent();
        // do not proceed until agent is created
        await program.AddSecondAgentAsync();
        program.ModifyAgent();
        // do not proceed until agent is updated
        await program.UpdateAgentAsync();
        // do not proceed until agents are fetched
        await program.FetchAgentsAsync();
    }

    private void ServiceSetup()
    {
        // set up infrastructure for Web API call
        _client = new HttpClient {BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:6687/")};
        // add Accept Header to request Web API content negotiation to return resource in JSON format
        _client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
    }

    private async Task CleanupAsync()
    {
        // call cleanup method in service
        _response = await _client.DeleteAsync("api/travelagent/cleanup/");
    }

    private void CreateFirstAgent()
    {
        // create new Travel Agent and booking
        _agent1 = new TravelAgent {Name = "John Tate"};
        _booking1 = new Booking
        {
            Customer = "Karen Stevens",
            Paid = false,
            BookingDate = DateTime.Parse("2/2/2010")
        };

        _booking2 = new Booking
        {
            Customer = "Dolly Parton",
            Paid = true,
            BookingDate = DateTime.Parse("3/10/2010")
        };
  
        _agent1.Bookings.Add(_booking1);
        _agent1.Bookings.Add(_booking2);
    }

    private async Task AddAgentAsync()
    {
        // call generic update method in Web API service to add agent and bookings
        _response = await _client.PostAsync("api/travelagent/update/",
            _agent1, new JsonMediaTypeFormatter());

        if (_response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            // capture newly created travel agent from service, which will include
            // database-generated Ids for each entity
            _agent1 = await _response.Content.ReadAsAsync<TravelAgent>();
            _booking1 = _agent1.Bookings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Customer == "Karen Stevens");
            _booking2 = _agent1.Bookings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Customer == "Dolly Parton");

            Console.WriteLine("Successfully created Travel Agent {0} and {1} Booking(s)",
            _agent1.Name, _agent1.Bookings.Count);
        }
        else
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int) _response.StatusCode, _response.ReasonPhrase);
    }

    private void CreateSecondAgent()
    {
        // add new agent and booking
        _agent2 = new TravelAgent {Name = "Perry Como"};
        _booking3 = new Booking {
            Customer = "Loretta Lynn",
            Paid = true,
            BookingDate = DateTime.Parse("3/15/2010")};
        _agent2.Bookings.Add(_booking3);
    }

    private async Task AddSecondAgentAsync()
    {
        // call generic update method in Web API service to add agent and booking
        _response = await _client.PostAsync("api/travelagent/update/", _agent2, new JsonMediaTypeFormatter());

        if (_response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            // capture newly created travel agent from service
            _agent2 = await _response.Content.ReadAsAsync<TravelAgent>();
            _booking3 = _agent2.Bookings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Customer == "Loretta Lynn");
            Console.WriteLine("Successfully created Travel Agent {0} and {1} Booking(s)",
                _agent2.Name, _agent2.Bookings.Count);
        }
        else
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int) _response.StatusCode, _response.ReasonPhrase);
    }

    private void ModifyAgent()
    {
        // modify agent 2 by changing agent name and assigning booking 1 to him from agent 1
        _agent2.Name = "Perry Como, Jr.";
        _agent2.Bookings.Add(_booking1);
    }

    private async Task UpdateAgentAsync()
    {
        // call generic update method in Web API service to update agent 2
        _response = await _client.PostAsync("api/travelagent/update/", _agent2, new JsonMediaTypeFormatter());
        if (_response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            // capture newly created travel agent from service, which will include Ids
            _agent1 = _response.Content.ReadAsAsync<TravelAgent>().Result;
            Console.WriteLine("Successfully updated Travel Agent {0} and {1} Booking(s)", _agent1.Name, _agent1.Bookings.Count);
        }
        else
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int) _response.StatusCode, _response.ReasonPhrase);
    }

    private async Task FetchAgentsAsync()
    {
        // call Get method on service to fetch all Travel Agents and Bookings
        _response = _client.GetAsync("api/travelagent/retrieve").Result;
        if (_response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            // capture newly created travel agent from service, which will include Ids
            var agents = await _response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<TravelAgent>>();

            foreach (var agent in agents)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Travel Agent {0} has {1} Booking(s)", agent.Name, agent.Bookings.Count());
            }
        }
        else
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int) _response.StatusCode, _response.ReasonPhrase);
    }
}

همانطور که میبینید گره دوم که "پوشه چهارم45" نام دارد شامل سه فرزند است که در رشته داده شده با عنوان item شناخته شده است. حال باید این رشته با برنامه نویسی سی شارپ جداسازی کرد :

string serialized;
Dictionary<int, int> numbers = new Dictionary<int, int>();   

public ActionResult SaveMenu(string serial)
        {
            var newfolders = new List<Folder>();
            serialized = serial;
            calculte_serialized(0);
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

void calculte_serialized(int parent)
        {
            while (serialized.Length > 0)
            {
                var id_index=serialized.IndexOf("id");
                if (id_index == -1)
                {
                    return;
                }
                serialized = serialized.Substring(id_index + 5);
                var quote_index = serialized.IndexOf("\"");
                var id=serialized.Substring(0, quote_index);
                numbers.Add(int.Parse(id), parent);
                serialized = serialized.Substring(quote_index);
                var condition = serialized.Substring(0,3);
                switch (condition)
                {
                    case "\"},":
                        break;
                    case "\",\"":
                        calculte_serialized(int.Parse(id));
                        break;
                    case "\"}]":
                        return;
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            }
        }

calculte_serialized با گرفتن 0 کار خود را شروع میکند یعنی از گره هایی که پدر ندارند و تمام id‌ها را همراه با پدرشان در یک دیکشنری میریزد و هرکجا که به فرزندی برخورد به صورت بازگشتی فراخوانی میشود. پس از اجرای کامل آن ما درخت را در یک دیکشنری به صورت عنصرهای مجزا در اختیار داریم که میتوانیم در پایگاه داده ذخیره کنیم.

Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin -Version 2.1.0
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework -Version 2.1.0
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb -Version 3.0.0
Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin -Version 5.2.2
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth -Version 3.0.0
Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Cors -Version 3.0.0

 public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
    {
        [Required]
        [MaxLength(100)]
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
 
        [Required]
        [MaxLength(100)]
        public string LastName { get; set; }
 
        [Required]
        public byte Level { get; set; }
 
        [Required]
        public DateTime JoinDate { get; set; }
 
    }

 public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext()
            : base("DefaultConnection", throwIfV1Schema: false)
        {
            Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
            Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
        }
 
        public static ApplicationDbContext Create()
        {
            return new ApplicationDbContext();
        }
 
    }

<connectionStrings>
    <add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=.\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=AspNetIdentity;Integrated Security=SSPI;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
  </connectionStrings>

enable-migrations
add-migration InitialCreate

using System.IO;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC4Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        const int AMonth = 30 * 86400;

        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));
            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }
    }
}

 <img src="@Url.Action("GetImage","Home", new { name = "test.png"})"/>

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK

Response Headers
Cache-Control:public, max-age=2591916
Expires:Sat, 31 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT
Last-Modified:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:304 Not Modified

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK (from cache)

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:200 OK

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 12:45:55 GMT

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC4Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        const int AMonth = 30 * 86400;

        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));

            var lastWriteTime = System.IO.File.GetLastWriteTime(path);
            this.Response.Cache.SetLastModified(lastWriteTime.ToUniversalTime());

            var header = this.Request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"];
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(header))
            {
                DateTime isModifiedSince;
                if (DateTime.TryParse(header, out isModifiedSince) && isModifiedSince > lastWriteTime)
                {
                    return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.NotModified);
                }
            }

            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }
    }
}

 Remote Address:127.0.0.1:5656
Request URL:http://localhost:10419/Home/GetImage?name=test.png
Request Method:GET
Status Code:304 Not Modified

Request Headers
If-Modified-Since:Thu, 01 May 2014 13:43:32 GMT

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public sealed class SetIfModifiedSinceAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public string Parameter { set; get; }
        public string BasePath { set; get; }

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            var response = filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Response;
            var request = filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request;

            var path = getPath(filterContext);
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
            {
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotFound;
                filterContext.Result = new EmptyResult();
                return;
            }

            var lastWriteTime = File.GetLastWriteTime(path);
            response.Cache.SetLastModified(lastWriteTime.ToUniversalTime());

            var header = request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"];
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(header)) return;
            DateTime isModifiedSince;
            if (DateTime.TryParse(header, out isModifiedSince) && isModifiedSince > lastWriteTime)
            {
                response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.NotModified;
                response.SuppressContent = true;
                filterContext.Result = new EmptyResult();
            }
        }

        string getPath(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            if (!filterContext.ActionParameters.ContainsKey(Parameter)) return string.Empty;
            var name = filterContext.ActionParameters[Parameter] as string;
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name)) return string.Empty;

            var path = Path.GetFileName(name);
            path = filterContext.HttpContext.Server.MapPath(string.Format("{0}/{1}", BasePath, path));
            return !File.Exists(path) ? string.Empty : path;
        }
    }

        [SetIfModifiedSince(Parameter = "name", BasePath = "~/app_data/images/")]
        [OutputCache(Duration = AMonth, VaryByParam = "name")]
        public ActionResult GetImage(string name)
        {
            name = Path.GetFileName(name);
            var path = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/app_data/images/{0}", name));
            var content = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(path);
            return File(content, "image/png", name);
        }

http://hostname/api/products/28

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Category { get; set; }
        public decimal Price { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public interface IProductRepository
    {
        IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();
        Product Get(int id);
        Product Add(Product item);
        void Remove(int id);
        bool Update(Product item);
    }
}

namespace ProductStore.Models
{
    public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        private List<Product> products = new List<Product>();
        private int _nextId = 1;

        public ProductRepository()
        {
            Add(new Product { Name = "Tomato soup", Category = "Groceries", Price = 1.39M });
            Add(new Product { Name = "Yo-yo", Category = "Toys", Price = 3.75M });
            Add(new Product { Name = "Hammer", Category = "Hardware", Price = 16.99M });
        }

        public IEnumerable<Product> GetAll()
        {
            return products;
        }

        public Product Get(int id)
        {
            return products.Find(p => p.Id == id);
        }

        public Product Add(Product item)
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
            }
            item.Id = _nextId++;
            products.Add(item);
            return item;
        }

        public void Remove(int id)
        {
            products.RemoveAll(p => p.Id == id);
        }

        public bool Update(Product item)
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
            }
            int index = products.FindIndex(p => p.Id == item.Id);
            if (index == -1)
            {
                return false;
            }
            products.RemoveAt(index);
            products.Add(item);
            return true;
        }
    }
}

using ProductStore.Models;

public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
    static readonly IProductRepository repository = new ProductRepository();
}

public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
    public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
    {
        return repository.GetAll();
    }
    // ....
}

public Product GetProduct(int id)
{
    Product item = repository.Get(id);
    if (item == null)
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); 
    }
    return item;
}

public IEnumerable<Product> GetProductsByCategory(string category)
{
    return repository.GetAll().Where(
        p => string.Equals(p.Category, category, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
}

// Not the final implementation!
public Product PostProduct(Product item)
{
    item = repository.Add(item);
    return item;
}

public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item)
{
    item = repository.Add(item);
    var response = Request.CreateResponse<Product>(HttpStatusCode.Created, item);

    string uri = Url.Link("DefaultApi", new { id = item.Id });
    response.Headers.Location = new Uri(uri);
    return response;
}

public void PutProduct(int id, Product product)
{
    product.Id = id;
    if (!repository.Update(product))
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }
}

public void DeleteProduct(int id)
{
    Product item = repository.Get(id);
    if (item == null)
    {
        throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
    }

    repository.Remove(id);
}