In this tutorial, you'll build a Nest.js application to get yourself familiar with its building blocks as well as the fundamental principles of building modern web applications. You'll approach this project by separating the application into two different sections: the frontend and the backend. Firstly, you'll concentrate on the RESTful back-end API built with Nest.js. You'll then focus on the frontend, which you will build with Vue.js. Both applications will run on different ports and will function as separate domains.

import RegisterForm from "./components/registerForm";

<Route path="/register" component={RegisterForm} />

<NavLink className="nav-item nav-link" to="/register">
   Register
</NavLink>

import Joi from "@hapi/joi";
import React from "react";

import Form from "./common/form";

class RegisterForm extends Form {
  state = {
    data: { username: "", password: "", name: "" },
    errors: {}
  };

  schema = {
    username: Joi.string()
      .required()
      .email({ minDomainSegments: 2, tlds: { allow: ["com", "net"] } })
      .label("Username"),
    password: Joi.string()
      .required()
      .min(5)
      .label("Password"),
    name: Joi.string()
      .required()
      .label("Name")
  };

  doSubmit = () => {
    // Call the server
    console.log("Submitted");
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h1>Register</h1>
        <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
          {this.renderInput("username", "Username")}
          {this.renderInput("password", "Password", "password")}
          {this.renderInput("name", "Name")}
          {this.renderButton("Register")}
        </form>
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default RegisterForm;

import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
// ...


<div className="col">
  <Link
    to="/movies/new"
    className="btn btn-primary"
    style={{ marginBottom: 20 }}
  >
    New Movie
  </Link>
  <p>Showing {totalCount} movies in the database.</p>

import Joi from "@hapi/joi";
import React from "react";

import { getGenres } from "../services/fakeGenreService";
import { getMovie, saveMovie } from "../services/fakeMovieService";
import Form from "./common/form";

class MovieForm extends Form {
  state = {
    data: {
      title: "",
      genreId: "",
      numberInStock: "",
      dailyRentalRate: ""
    },
    genres: [],
    errors: {}
  };

  schema = {
    _id: Joi.string(),
    title: Joi.string()
      .required()
      .label("Title"),
    genreId: Joi.string()
      .required()
      .label("Genre"),
    numberInStock: Joi.number()
      .required()
      .min(0)
      .max(100)
      .label("Number in Stock"),
    dailyRentalRate: Joi.number()
      .required()
      .min(0)
      .max(10)
      .label("Daily Rental Rate")
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    const genres = getGenres();
    this.setState({ genres });

    const movieId = this.props.match.params.id;
    if (movieId === "new") return;

    const movie = getMovie(movieId);
    if (!movie) return this.props.history.replace("/not-found");

    this.setState({ data: this.mapToViewModel(movie) });
  }

  mapToViewModel(movie) {
    return {
      _id: movie._id,
      title: movie.title,
      genreId: movie.genre._id,
      numberInStock: movie.numberInStock,
      dailyRentalRate: movie.dailyRentalRate
    };
  }

  doSubmit = () => {
    saveMovie(this.state.data);

    this.props.history.push("/movies");
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h1>Movie Form</h1>
        <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
          {this.renderInput("title", "Title")}
          {this.renderSelect("genreId", "Genre", this.state.genres)}
          {this.renderInput("numberInStock", "Number in Stock", "number")}
          {this.renderInput("dailyRentalRate", "Rate")}
          {this.renderButton("Save")}
        </form>
      </div>
    );
  }

import React from "react";

const Select = ({ name, label, options, error, ...rest }) => {
  return (
    <div className="form-group">
      <label htmlFor={name}>{label}</label>
      <select name={name} id={name} {...rest} className="form-control">
        <option value="" />
        {options.map(option => (
          <option key={option._id} value={option._id}>
            {option.name}
          </option>
        ))}
      </select>
      {error && <div className="alert alert-danger">{error}</div>}
    </div>
  );
};

export default Select;

import Select from "./select";
// ...

class Form extends Component {

  // ...

  renderSelect(name, label, options) {
    const { data, errors } = this.state;

    return (
      <Select
        name={name}
        value={data[name]}
        label={label}
        options={options}
        onChange={this.handleChange}
        error={errors[name]}
      />
    );
  }
}

import React from "react";

const SearchBox = ({ value, onChange }) => {
  return (
    <input
      type="text"
      name="query"
      className="form-control my-3"
      placeholder="Search..."
      value={value}
      onChange={e => onChange(e.currentTarget.value)}
    />
  );
};

export default SearchBox;

<p>Showing {totalCount} movies in the database.</p>
<SearchBox value={searchQuery} onChange={this.handleSearch} />

import SearchBox from "./searchBox";
//...

class Movies extends Component {
  state = {
    //...
    selectedGenre: {},
    searchQuery: ""
  };


  handleSearch = query => {
    this.setState({ searchQuery: query, selectedGenre: null, currentPage: 1 });
  };

  handleGenreSelect = genre => {
    console.log("handleGenreSelect", genre);
    this.setState({ selectedGenre: genre, searchQuery: "", currentPage: 1 });
  };

  getPagedData() {
    const {
      pageSize,
      currentPage,
      selectedGenre,
      movies: allMovies,
      sortColumn,
      searchQuery
    } = this.state;

    let filteredMovies = allMovies;
    if (searchQuery) {
      filteredMovies = allMovies.filter(m =>
        m.title.toLowerCase().startsWith(searchQuery.toLowerCase())
      );
    } else if (selectedGenre && selectedGenre._id) {
      filteredMovies = allMovies.filter(m => m.genre._id === selectedGenre._id);
    }

Entity Framework Migrations are handled from the package manager console in Visual Studio. The usage is shown in various tutorials, but I haven’t found a complete list of the commands available and their usage, so I created my own. There are four available main commands 

namespace sample_22_backend.Models
{
    public class Post
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string Body { set; get; }

        public int UserId { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using sample_22_backend.Models;

namespace sample_22_backend.Services
{
    public interface IPostsDataSource
    {
        List<Post> GetAllPosts();
        bool DeletePost(int id);
        Post AddPost(Post post);
        bool UpdatePost(int id, Post post);
        Post GetPost(int id);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// هدف صرفا تهیه یک منبع داده آزمایشی ساده تشکیل شده در حافظه است
    /// </summary>
    public class PostsDataSource : IPostsDataSource
    {
        private readonly List<Post> _allPosts;

        public PostsDataSource()
        {
            _allPosts = createDataSource();
        }

        public List<Post> GetAllPosts()
        {
            return _allPosts;
        }

        public Post GetPost(int id)
        {
            return _allPosts.Find(x => x.Id == id);
        }

        public bool DeletePost(int id)
        {
            var item = _allPosts.Find(x => x.Id == id);
            if (item == null)
            {
                return false;
            }

            _allPosts.Remove(item);
            return true;
        }

        public Post AddPost(Post post)
        {
            var id = 1;
            var lastItem = _allPosts.LastOrDefault();
            if (lastItem != null)
            {
                id = lastItem.Id + 1;
            }

            post.Id = id;
            _allPosts.Add(post);
            return post;
        }

        public bool UpdatePost(int id, Post post)
        {
            var item = _allPosts
                .Select((pst, index) => new { Item = pst, Index = index })
                .FirstOrDefault(x => x.Item.Id == id);
            if (item == null || id != post.Id)
            {
                return false;
            }

            _allPosts[item.Index] = post;
            return true;
        }

        private static List<Post> createDataSource()
        {
            var list = new List<Post>();
            var rnd = new Random();
            for (var i = 1; i < 10; i++)
            {
                list.Add(new Post { Id = i, UserId = rnd.Next(1, 1000), Title = $"Title {i} ...", Body = $"Body {i} ..." });
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using sample_22_backend.Models;
using sample_22_backend.Services;

namespace sample_22_backend.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class PostsController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly IPostsDataSource _postsDataSource;

        public PostsController(IPostsDataSource postsDataSource)
        {
            _postsDataSource = postsDataSource;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult<List<Post>> GetPosts()
        {
            return _postsDataSource.GetAllPosts();
        }

        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public ActionResult<Post> GetPost(int id)
        {
            var post = _postsDataSource.GetPost(id);
            if (post == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            return Ok(post);
        }

        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public ActionResult DeletePost(int id)
        {
            var deleted = _postsDataSource.DeletePost(id);
            if (deleted)
            {
                return Ok();
            }
            return NotFound();
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult<Post> CreatePost([FromBody]Post post)
        {
            post = _postsDataSource.AddPost(post);
            return CreatedAtRoute(nameof(GetPost), new { post.Id }, post);
        }

        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        public ActionResult<Post> UpdatePost(int id, [FromBody]Post post)
        {
            var updated = _postsDataSource.UpdatePost(id, post);
            if (updated)
            {
                return Ok(post);
            }
            return NotFound();
        }
    }
}

> create-react-app sample-22-frontend
> cd sample-22-frontend
> npm start

> npm install --save bootstrap

import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css";

import "./App.css";

import React, { Component } from "react";

class App extends Component {
  state = {
    posts: []
  };

  handleAdd = () => {
    console.log("Add");
  };

  handleUpdate = post => {
    console.log("Update", post);
  };

  handleDelete = post => {
    console.log("Delete", post);
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <React.Fragment>
        <button className="btn btn-primary mt-1 mb-1" onClick={this.handleAdd}>
          Add
        </button>
        <table className="table">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>Title</th>
              <th>Update</th>
              <th>Delete</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            {this.state.posts.map(post => (
              <tr key={post.id}>
                <td>{post.title}</td>
                <td>
                  <button
                    className="btn btn-info btn-sm"
                    onClick={() => this.handleUpdate(post)}
                  >
                    Update
                  </button>
                </td>
                <td>
                  <button
                    className="btn btn-danger btn-sm"
                    onClick={() => this.handleDelete(post)}
                  >
                    Delete
                  </button>
                </td>
              </tr>
            ))}
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </React.Fragment>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

> npm install --save axios

<Page user={user}  />

<PageLayout user={user} />

<NavigationBar user={user}  />

import React from "react";

export const UserContext = React.createContext({ user: {} });

export const UserProvider = UserContext.Provider;
export const UserConsumer = UserContext.Consumer;

import "../../App.css";

import React, { Component } from "react";

import { UserProvider } from "../../contexts/userContext";
import Main from "./Main";

class App extends Component {
  state = {
    user: { name: "User 1" }
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    // get user from the server or local storage and then set the currently logged in user to the this.state
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <>
        <h1>App Class</h1>
        <UserProvider value={this.state.user}>
          <Main />
        </UserProvider>
      </>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

export const DefaultRouteContext = React.createContext({ path: '/welcome' });

import React from "react";

import { UserConsumer } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main(props) {
  return (
    <>
      <UserConsumer>
        {value => <div>User name: {value.name}.</div>}
      </UserConsumer>
    </>
  );
}

import React, { useContext } from "react";

import { UserContext } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main() {
  const value = useContext(UserContext);
  return (
    <>
      <div>User name: {value.name}.</div>
    </>
  );
}

function HeaderBar() {
  return (
    <CurrentUser.Consumer>
      {user =>
        <Notifications.Consumer>
          {notifications =>
            <header>
              Welcome back, {user.name}!
              You have {notifications.length} notifications.
            </header>
          }
      }
    </CurrentUser.Consumer>
  );
}

function HeaderBar() {
  const user = useContext(CurrentUser);
  const notifications = useContext(Notifications);
return (
    <header>
      Welcome back, {user.name}!
      You have {notifications.length} notifications.
    </header>
  );
}

import "../../App.css";

import React, { Component } from "react";

import { UserProvider } from "../../contexts/userContext";
import Main from "./Main2";

class App extends Component {
  state = {
    user: { name: "User 1" }
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    // get user from the server or local storage and then set the currently logged in user to the this.state
  }

  logout = () => {
    console.log("logout");
    this.setState({ user: {} });
  };

  render() {
    const contextValue = {
      user: this.state.user,
      logoutUser: this.logout
    };
    return (
      <>
        <h1>App Class</h1>
        <UserProvider value={contextValue}>
          <Main />
        </UserProvider>
      </>
    );
  }
}

export default App;

import React, { useContext } from "react";

import { UserContext } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main() {
  const { user, logoutUser } = useContext(UserContext);
  return (
    <>
      <div>User name: {user.name}.</div>
      <button type="button" className="btn btn-primary" onClick={logoutUser}>
        Logout user
      </button>
    </>
  );
}

import React from "react";

import { UserConsumer } from "../../contexts/userContext";

export default function Main(props) {
  return (
    <>
      <UserConsumer>
        {({ user, logoutUser }) => (
          <>
            <div>User name: {user.name}.</div>
            <button
              type="button"
              className="btn btn-primary"
              onClick={logoutUser}
            >
              Logout user
            </button>
          </>
        )}
      </UserConsumer>
    </>
  );
}

How to Customize Windows Terminal and PowerShell Using Fzf, Neovim and Beautify it with Oh My Posh