public class Field
{
  [JsonExtensionData]
  public Dictionary<string, object> Property { get; set; }
}
 
public class FieldType
{
  public string Type { get; set; }
}

var data = new
{
  model = new
  {
   fields = new List<Field>
   {
    new Field
    {
      Property = new Dictionary<string, object>
      {
       {"Id", new FieldType { Type = "number" }},
       {"Name", new FieldType { Type = "string" }}
      }
    }
   }
  }
};
var dataJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data, Formatting.Indented);

{
  "model": {
    "fields": [
      {
        "Id": {
          "Type": "number"
        },
        "Name": {
          "Type": "string"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 500 (Internal Server Error)

dotnet new webapi --minimal -o YourDirectoryPath:\YourFolderName

version: '3.1'

services:

  db:
    image: postgres
    container_name: db
    restart: always
    environment:
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
      POSTGRES_USERNAME: postgres
      POSTGRES_DB: BloggingDb
    ports:
        - "5432:5432"
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/data/db

  adminer:
    image: adminer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:8080
  
  pgadmin4:
    image: dpage/pgadmin4
    restart: always
    environment:
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL: pgadmin4@pgadmin.org
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD: admin
      PGADMIN_CONFIG_SERVER_MODE: 'False'
    ports:
      - 5050:80
    volumes:
      - pgadmin:/var/lib/pgadmin
    depends_on:
      - db

volumes:
  postgres_data:
  pgadmin:

docker compose up -d

"ConnectionStrings": {
    "BloggingContext": "Username=postgres;Password=postgres;Server=localhost;Database=BloggingDb”
}

dotnet add package Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL
dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design

namespace NpgsqlAPI.Models;

public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; } = null!;
    public string Content { get; set; } = null!;

    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog { get; set; } = null!;
}

namespace NpgsqlAPI.Models;

public class Blog
{
    public int BlogId { get; set; }
    public string? Url { get; set; }

    public List<Post>? Posts { get; set; }
}

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using NpgsqlAPI.Models;

namespace NpgsqlAPI.Data;

public class BloggingContext : DbContext
{
    public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> options)
        : base(options)
    {
    }
    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs => Set<Blog>();
    public DbSet<Post

using NpgsqlAPI.Models;

namespace NpgsqlAPI.Services.Blogs;
public interface IBlogServices
{
    Task<IEnumerable<Blog>> GetList();
    Task<Blog?> Get(uint id);
    Task<uint> Add(Blog obj);
    Task AddRange(Blog[] obj);
    Task Update(Blog obj);
    Task UpdateRange(Blog[] obj);
    Task Remove(uint id);
}

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using NpgsqlAPI.Data;
using NpgsqlAPI.Models;

namespace NpgsqlAPI.Services.Blogs;
public sealed class BlogEFServices : IBlogServices
{
    private readonly BloggingContext _context;
    public BlogEFServices(BloggingContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }

    public async Task<uint> Add(Blog obj)
    {
        await _context.Blogs.AddAsync(obj);
        return (uint)await SaveChangesAsync();
    }

    public async Task AddRange(Blog[] obj)
    {
        await _context.Blogs.AddRangeAsync(obj);
        await SaveChangesAsync();
    }

    public async Task<Blog?> Get(uint id)
    {
        return await _context.Blogs.FirstOrDefaultAsync(x=>x.BlogId == id);
    }

    public async Task<IEnumerable<Blog>> GetList()
    {
       return await _context.Blogs.ToListAsync();
    }

    public async Task Remove(uint id)
    {
        var entity = await Get(id);
        _context.Blogs.Remove(entity!);
        await SaveChangesAsync();
    }

    public async Task Update(Blog obj)
    {
        _context.Blogs.Update(obj);
        await SaveChangesAsync();
    }

    public async Task UpdateRange(Blog[] obj)
    {
        _context.Blogs.UpdateRange(obj);
        await SaveChangesAsync();
    }

    private async Task<int> SaveChangesAsync()
    {
        return await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
    }
}

using System.Data;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Npgsql;
using NpgsqlAPI.Services.Blogs;
using NpgsqlAPI.Data;
using NpgsqlAPI.Models;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();

string connectionString = builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("BloggingContext")!;

builder.Services.AddDbContext<BloggingContext>(options =>
        options.UseNpgsql(connectionString));

builder.Services.AddTransient<IDbConnection>(_ => new NpgsqlConnection(connectionString));

// builder.Services.AddScoped<IBlogServices, BlogDapperServices>();
// builder.Services.AddScoped<IBlogServices, BlogEFRawQueryServices>();
builder.Services.AddScoped<IBlogServices, BlogEFServices>();

var app = builder.Build();

if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseSwagger();
    app.UseSwaggerUI();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();

app.MapGet("/blogs", async (IBlogServices service) => await service.GetList())
.WithName("GetBlogs")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapGet("/blogs/{id}", async (IBlogServices service, uint id) => await service.Get(id))
.WithName("GetBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapPost("/blogs", async (IBlogServices service, Blog blog) => await service.Add(blog))
.WithName("AddBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapDelete("/blogs/{id}", async (IBlogServices service, uint id) => await service.Remove(id))
.WithName("RemoveBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapPut("/blogs", async (IBlogServices service, Blog blog) => await service.Update(blog))
.WithName("UpdateBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapPut("/blogs/Bulk", async (IBlogServices service, Blog[] blogs) =>
 await service.UpdateRange(blogs))
.WithName("UpdateBulkBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.MapPost("/blogs/Bulk", async (IBlogServices service, Blog[] blogs) =>
 await service.AddRange(blogs))
.WithName("AddBulkBlog")
.WithOpenApi();

app.Run();

dotnet ef migrations add Init
dotnet ef database update

<Alert>
  @Body
</Alert>

<CascadingValue Value=this>
    @if(IsVisible)
    {
        <div class="alert @Css" role="alert">
            @Message
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close" @onclick="HideAlert">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
            </button>
        </div>
    }
    @ChildContent
</CascadingValue>

@code {
    [Parameter]
    public RenderFragment ChildContent { get; set; }

    private bool IsVisible;
    private string Message;
    private string Css = "alert-primary";

    public void ShowAlert(string message, AlertType alertType)
    {
        IsVisible = true;
        Message = message;

        Css = alertType switch
        {
            AlertType.Success => "alert-success",
            AlertType.Info => "alert-primary",
            AlertType.Danger => "alert-danger",
            AlertType.Warning => "alert-warning",
            _ => "alert-primary"
        };

        StateHasChanged();
    }

    public void HideAlert()
    {
        IsVisible = false;
    }
}

namespace BlazorWasmAlert.Client.Shared
{
    public enum AlertType
    {
        Success,
        Info,
        Danger,
        Warning
    }
}

<CascadingValue Value=this>

@page "/"

<h1>Hello, world!</h1>

<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="ShowAlert">Show Alert!</button>

@code
{
    [CascadingParameter]
    public Alert Alert { get; set; }

    private void ShowAlert()
    {
        Alert.ShowAlert("This is a test!", AlertType.Info);
    }
}

<div>
    <h4 class="text-primary pt-3">Attribute Splatting Child Component</h4>

    <input id="roomName"
        placeholder="@Placeholder"
        required="@Required"
        maxlength="@MaxLength"
        class="form-control" />
</div>

@code {
    [Parameter]
    public string Placeholder { get; set; } = "Initial Text";

    [Parameter]
    public string Required { get; set; } = "required";

    [Parameter]
    public string MaxLength { get; set; } = "10";
}

@page "/AttributeSplatting"

<h1>Attribute Splatting</h1>

<AttributeSplattingChild
    Placeholder="Enter the Room Name From Parent"
    MaxLength="5">
</AttributeSplattingChild>

<div>
    <h4 class="text-primary pt-3">Attribute Splatting Child Component</h4>

    <input id="roomName" @attributes="InputAttributes" class="form-control" />
</div>

@code {
    [Parameter]
    public Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "required" , "required"},
        { "placeholder", "Initial Text"},
        { "maxlength", 10}
    };
}

@page "/AttributeSplatting"

<h1>Attribute Splatting</h1>

<AttributeSplattingChild InputAttributes="InputAttributesFromParent"></AttributeSplattingChild>

@code{
    Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributesFromParent = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "required" , "required"},
        { "placeholder", "Enter the Room Name From Parent"},
        { "maxlength", 5}
    };
}

<div>
    <h4 class="text-primary pt-3">Attribute Splatting Child Component</h4>

    <input id="roomName" @attributes="InputAttributes" placeholder="Initial Text" class="form-control" />
</div>

@code {
    [Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
    public Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>();
}

@page "/AttributeSplatting"

<h1>Attribute Splatting</h1>

<AttributeSplattingChild placeholder="Placeholder default"></AttributeSplattingChild>

<input id="roomName" placeholder="Initial Text" @attributes="InputAttributes" class="form-control" />

<div class="row">
    <h4 class="text-primary pl-4 pt-2 col-12">Grand Child Component</h4>
    <br />
    <p> There is a message - @MessageForGrandChild </p>
</div>

@code {
    [Parameter]
    public string MessageForGrandChild { get; set; }
}

<div class="mt-2">
    <GrandChildComponent MessageForGrandChild="@MessageForGrandChild"></GrandChildComponent>
</div>


@code {
    [Parameter]
    public string MessageForGrandChild { get; set; }

   // ...
}

<ChildComponent
    MessageForGrandChild="This is a message from Grand Parent"
    Title="This is the second child component">
    <p><b>@MessageText</b></p>
</ChildComponent>

<CascadingValue Value="@MessageForGrandChild">
    <ChildComponent        
        Title="This is the second child component">
        <p><b>@MessageText</b></p>
    </ChildComponent>
</CascadingValue>

@code {
    string MessageForGrandChild = "This is a message from Grand Parent";

<GrandChildComponent></GrandChildComponent>

[CascadingParameter]
public string MessageForGrandChild { get; set; }

<CascadingValue Value="@MessageForGrandChild" Name="MessageFromGrandParent">
    <CascadingValue Value="@Number" Name="GrandParentsNumber">
        <ChildComponent
            Title="This is the second child component">
            <p><b>@MessageText</b></p>
        </ChildComponent>
    </CascadingValue>
</CascadingValue>

@code {
    string MessageForGrandChild = "This is a message from Grand Parent";
    int Number = 7;

<div class="row">
    <h4 class="text-primary pl-4 pt-2 col-12">Grand Child Component</h4>
    <br />
    There is a message: @Message
    <br />
    GrandParentsNumber: @Number
</div>

@code {
    [CascadingParameter(Name = "MessageFromGrandParent")]
    public string Message { get; set; }

    [CascadingParameter(Name = "GrandParentsNumber")]
    public int Number { get; set; }
}

dotnet add package MongoDB.Driver

public class BaseModel
{
    public BaseModel()
    {
        CreationDate=DateTime.Now;
    }
    public string Id { get; set; }
    public DateTime CreationDate { get; set; }
    public bool IsRemoved { get; set; }
    public DateTime? ModificationDate { get; set; }

}

public class BaseModel
    {
        [BsonId]
        [BsonRepresentation((BsonType.ObjectId))]
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }

BsonClassMap.RegisterClassMap<BaseModel>(map =>
{
    map.SetIdMember(map.GetMemberMap(x=>x.Id));
    map.GetMemberMap(x => x.Id)
        .SetSerializer(new StringSerializer(BsonType.ObjectId));
});

public class Employee : BaseModel
{
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
}
//=================
BsonClassMap.RegisterClassMap<Employee >(map =>
{
    map.SetIdMember(map.GetMemberMap(x=>x.Id));
    map.GetMemberMap(x => x.Id)
        .SetSerializer(new StringSerializer(BsonType.ObjectId));
});

  public interface IMongoDbContext
    {
        IMongoCollection<TEntity> GetCollection<TEntity>();
    }

  public class MongoDbContext : IMongoDbContext
    {

        private readonly IMongoClient _client;
        private readonly IMongoDatabase _database;

        public MongoDbContext(string databaseName,string connectionString)
        {
            var settings = MongoClientSettings.FromUrl(new MongoUrl(connectionString));
            _client = new MongoClient(settings);
            _database = _client.GetDatabase(databaseName);
        }

        public IMongoCollection<TEntity> GetCollection<TEntity>()
        {
            return _database.GetCollection<TEntity>(typeof(TEntity).Name.ToLower() + "s");
        }
    }

public static class MongoDbContextService
{
    public static void AddMongoDbContext(this IServiceCollection services,string databaseName,string connectionString)
    {
        services.AddSingleton<IMongoDbContext>(serviceProvider => new MongoDbContext(databaseName, connectionString));
    }
}

//===============
Program.cs

builder.Services.AddMongoDbContext("bookstore", "mongodb://localhost:27017");

public interface IRepository<T> where T : BaseModel
{

    IMongoCollection<T> GetCollection();
    IMongoQueryable<T> GetFilteredCollection();
}

public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T> where T:BaseModel
{
    private IMongoDbContext _mongoDbContext;

    public Repository(IMongoDbContext mongoDbContext)
    {
        _mongoDbContext = mongoDbContext;
    }

    public IMongoCollection<T> GetCollection()
    {
        return _mongoDbContext.GetCollection<T>();
    }
    
    public IMongoQueryable<T> GetFilteredCollection()
    {
        var query= _mongoDbContext.GetCollection<T>().AsQueryable();
        
        //================= Global Query Filters ====================
        
        //Filter 1
        query=query.Where(x => x.RemovedAt.HasValue == false);
        
        //==============================================================
        
        return query;
    }
}

public interface IRepository<T> where T : BaseModel
{

    IMongoCollection<T> GetCollection();
    IMongoQueryable<T> GetFilteredCollection();
}

public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T> where T:BaseModel
{
    private IMongoDbContext _mongoDbContext;

    public Repository(IMongoDbContext mongoDbContext)
    {
        _mongoDbContext = mongoDbContext;
    }

    public IMongoCollection<T> GetCollection()
    {
        return _mongoDbContext.GetCollection<T>();
    }
    
    public IMongoQueryable<T> GetFilteredCollection()
    {
        var query= _mongoDbContext.GetCollection<T>().AsQueryable();
        
        //================= Global Query Filters ====================
        
        //Filter 1
        query=query.Where(x => x.RemovedAt.HasValue == false);
        
        //==============================================================
        
        return query;
    }
}

The Find method on DbSet uses the primary key value to attempt to find an entity tracked by the context.
If the entity is not found in the context then a query will be sent to the database to find the entity there.
Null is returned if the entity is not found in the context or in the database.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;

namespace EF_General.Models.Ex21
{
    public abstract class BaseEntity
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
    }

    public class Factor : BaseEntity
    {
        public int TotalPrice { set; get; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Factor> Factors { get; set; }

        public MyContext() { }
        public MyContext(bool withTracking)
        {
            if (withTracking)
                return;

            this.Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
            this.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;
            this.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;
        }

        public void CustomUpdate<T>(T entity) where T : BaseEntity
        {
            if (entity == null)
                throw new ArgumentException("Cannot add a null entity.");


            var entry = this.Entry<T>(entity);
            if (entry.State != EntityState.Detached)
                return;

            /*var set = this.Set<T>(); // این‌ها اضافی است
            //متد فایند اگر اینجا باشه حتما به بانک اطلاعاتی رجوع می‌کنه در حالت منقطع از زمینه و در یک حلقه به روز رسانی کارآیی مطلوبی نخواهد داشت
            T attachedEntity = set.Find(entity.Id);
            if (attachedEntity != null)
            {
                var attachedEntry = this.Entry(attachedEntity);
                attachedEntry.CurrentValues.SetValues(entity);
            }
            else
            {*/
            entry.State = EntityState.Modified;
            //}
        }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            if (!context.Factors.Any())
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
                {
                    context.Factors.Add(new Factor { TotalPrice = i });
                }
            }
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public class Performance
    {
        public TimeSpan ListDisabledTracking { set; get; }
        public TimeSpan ListNormal { set; get; }
        public TimeSpan DetachedEntityDisabledTracking { set; get; }
        public TimeSpan DetachedEntityNormal { set; get; }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            startDb();

            var results = new List<Performance>();
            var runs = 20;
            for (int i = 0; i < runs; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nRun {0}", i + 1);

                var tsListDisabledTracking = PerformanceHelper.RunActionMeasurePerformance(() => updateListTotalPriceDisabledTracking());
                var tsListNormal = PerformanceHelper.RunActionMeasurePerformance(() => updateListTotalPriceNormal());
                var tsDetachedEntityDisabledTracking = PerformanceHelper.RunActionMeasurePerformance(() => updateDetachedEntityTotalPriceDisabledTracking());
                var tsDetachedEntityNormal = PerformanceHelper.RunActionMeasurePerformance(() => updateDetachedEntityTotalPriceNormal());
                results.Add(new Performance
                {
                    ListDisabledTracking = tsListDisabledTracking,
                    ListNormal = tsListNormal,
                    DetachedEntityDisabledTracking = tsDetachedEntityDisabledTracking,
                    DetachedEntityNormal = tsDetachedEntityNormal
                });
            }

            var detachedEntityDisabledTrackingAvg = results.Average(x => x.DetachedEntityDisabledTracking.TotalMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("detachedEntityDisabledTrackingAvg: {0} ms.", detachedEntityDisabledTrackingAvg);

            var detachedEntityNormalAvg = results.Average(x => x.DetachedEntityNormal.TotalMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("detachedEntityNormalAvg: {0} ms.", detachedEntityNormalAvg);

            var listDisabledTrackingAvg = results.Average(x => x.ListDisabledTracking.TotalMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("listDisabledTrackingAvg: {0} ms.", listDisabledTrackingAvg);

            var listNormalAvg = results.Average(x => x.ListNormal.TotalMilliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("listNormalAvg: {0} ms.", listNormalAvg);
        }

        private static void updateDetachedEntityTotalPriceNormal()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext(withTracking: true))
            {
                var detachedEntity = new Factor { Id = 1, TotalPrice = 10 };

                var attachedEntity = context.Factors.Find(detachedEntity.Id);
                if (attachedEntity != null)
                {
                    attachedEntity.TotalPrice = 100;

                    context.SaveChanges();
                }
            }
        }

        private static void updateDetachedEntityTotalPriceDisabledTracking()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext(withTracking: false))
            {
                var detachedEntity = new Factor { Id = 2, TotalPrice = 10 };
                detachedEntity.TotalPrice = 200;

                context.CustomUpdate(detachedEntity); // custom update with change tracking disabled.
                context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }

        private static void updateListTotalPriceNormal()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext(withTracking: true))
            {
                foreach (var item in context.Factors)
                {
                    item.TotalPrice += 10; // normal update with change tracking enabled.
                }
                context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }

        private static void updateListTotalPriceDisabledTracking()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext(withTracking: false))
            {
                foreach (var item in context.Factors)
                {
                    item.TotalPrice += 10;
                    //نیازی به این دو سطر نیست
                    //context.ChangeTracker.DetectChanges();  // هربار باید محاسبه صورت گیرد در غیراینصورت وضعیت تغییر نیافته گزارش می‌شود
                    //context.CustomUpdate(item); // custom update with change tracking disabled.
                }
                context.ChangeTracker.DetectChanges();  // در غیراینصورت وضعیت تغییر نیافته گزارش می‌شود
                context.SaveChanges();
            }
        }

        private static void startDb()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());
            // Forces initialization of database on model changes.
            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                context.Database.Initialize(force: true);
            }
        }
    }

    public class PerformanceHelper
    {
        public static TimeSpan RunActionMeasurePerformance(Action action)
        {
            var stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
            stopwatch.Start();

            action();

            stopwatch.Stop();
            return stopwatch.Elapsed;
        }
    }
}

 detachedEntityDisabledTrackingAvg: 22.32089 ms.
detachedEntityNormalAvg: 54.546815 ms.
listDisabledTrackingAvg: 413.615445 ms.
listNormalAvg: 393.194625 ms.