public class PooledObject
    {
        DateTime _createdAt = DateTime.Now;

        public DateTime CreatedAt
        {
            get { return _createdAt; }
        }

        public string TempData { get; set; }

        public void DoSomething(string name)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{name} : {TempData} is written on {CreatedAt}");
        }
    }

public static class Pool
{
    private static List<PooledObject> _available = new List<PooledObject>();
    private static List<PooledObject> _inUse = new List<PooledObject>();
 
    public static PooledObject GetObject()
    {
        lock(_available)
        {
            if (_available.Count != 0)
            {
                PooledObject po = _available[0];
                _inUse.Add(po);
                _available.RemoveAt(0);
                return po;
            }
            else
            {
                PooledObject po = new PooledObject();
                _inUse.Add(po);
                return po;
            }
        }
    }
 
    public static void ReleaseObject(PooledObject po)
    {
        CleanUp(po);
 
        lock (_available)
        {
            _available.Add(po);
            _inUse.Remove(po);
        }
    }
 
    private static void CleanUp(PooledObject po)
    {
        po.TempData = null;
    }
}

            var obj1 = Pool.GetObject();
            obj1.DoSomething("obj1");

            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            var obj2 = Pool.GetObject();
            obj2.DoSomething("obj2");
            Pool.ReleaseObject(obj1);

            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            var obj3 = Pool.GetObject();
            obj3.DoSomething("obj3");

obj1 :  is written on 4/21/2016 11:25:26 AM
obj2 :  is written on 4/21/2016 11:25:28 AM
obj3 :  is written on 4/21/2016 11:25:26 AM

[PartCreationPolicy(CreationPolicy.Shared)]

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.Composition;

namespace SlMefTest
{
   [Export]
   public class WebServiceData
   {
       public int Result { set; get; }
      
       public WebServiceData()
       {
           var rnd = new Random();
           Result = rnd.Next();
       }
   }

}

<UserControl x:Class="SlMefTest.MainPage"
   xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
   xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
   xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
   xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
   mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400">
   <StackPanel>
       <Button Content="MainPageButton" Height="23"
               HorizontalAlignment="Left"
               Margin="10,10,0,0" Name="button1"
               VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="98" Click="button1_Click" />
       <StackPanel Name="panel1" Margin="5"/>
   </StackPanel>
</UserControl>

using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
using System.Windows;

namespace SlMefTest
{
   public partial class MainPage
   {
       [Import]
       public WebServiceData Data { set; get; }

       public MainPage()
       {
           InitializeComponent();
           this.Loaded += mainPageLoaded;
       }

       void mainPageLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
       {
           CompositionInitializer.SatisfyImports(this);
           panel1.Children.Add(new SilverlightControl1());
       }

       private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
       {
           MessageBox.Show(Data.Result.ToString());
       }
   }
}

<UserControl x:Class="SlMefTest.SilverlightControl1"
   xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
   xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
   xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
   xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
   mc:Ignorable="d"
   d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400">
  
   <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">
       <Button Content="UserControlButton"
               Height="23"
               HorizontalAlignment="Left"
               Margin="10,10,0,0"
               Name="button1"
               VerticalAlignment="Top"
               Width="125"
               Click="button1_Click" />
   </Grid>
</UserControl>

using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
using System.Windows;

namespace SlMefTest
{
   public partial class SilverlightControl1
   {
       [Import]
       public WebServiceData Data { set; get; }

       public SilverlightControl1()
       {
           InitializeComponent();
           this.Loaded += silverlightControl1Loaded;
       }

       void silverlightControl1Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
       {
           CompositionInitializer.SatisfyImports(this);
       }

       private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
       {
           MessageBox.Show(Data.Result.ToString());
       }
   }
}

1. می خواهیم کد هایی با قابلیت استفاده‌ی مجدد بنویسیم ، استفاده از عملکرد‌های مشابه در سطح صفحات یک Web application یا چند Web Application.
2. می خواهیم کد هایی با قابلیت نگهداری بنویسیم ، هر چه قدر در فاز توسعه کد‌های با کیفیت بنویسیم در فاز نگهداری از آن بهره می‌بریم. باید کد هایی بنویسیم که قابل Debug و خواندن توسط دیگر افراد تیم باشند.
3. کدهای ما نباید با توابع و متغیر‌های دیگر پلاگین‌ها تداخل نامگزاری داشته باشند. در برنامه‌های امروزی بسیار مرسوم است که از پلاگین‌های Third party استفاده شود. می‌خواهیم با رعایت Encapsulation and modularization در کدهایمان از این تداخل جلوگیری کنیم.

• توابع و متغیر‌ها به Global scope برنامه افزوده می‌شوند.
• کد Modular نیست.
• احتمال رخ دادن Conflict در اسامی متغیر‌ها و توابع بالا می‌رود.
• نگهداری کد به مرور زمان سخت می‌شود.

<html>
   <head>
       <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
   </body>
</html>

var checkedValue;
var elements = document.getElementByTagName ('input');
for (var n = 0; n < elements.length; n++) {
       if (elements[n].type == 'radio' && elements[n].name == 'myRadioGroup' && elements[n].checked) {
               checkedValue = elements[n].value;
       }
}

var checkedValue = $ ('[name="myRadioGroup"]:checked').val();

<button type="button" onclick="document.getElementById('xyz').style.color='red';">
        Click Me
</button>

p a

$(Selector)
یا
jQuery(Selector)

$("p a")

$("div.notLongForThisWorld").fadeOut();

$("div.notLongForThisWorld").fadeOut().addClass("removed");

PM> install-package NUnit
PM> install-package Shouldly
PM> install-package EntityFramework
PM> install-package FakeHttpContext

[SetUpFixture]
public class TestSetup
{
    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void SetUpDatabase()
    {
        DestroyDatabase();
        CreateDatabase();
    }

    [OneTimeTearDown]
    public void TearDownDatabase()
    {
        DestroyDatabase();
    }

   //...
}

private static void CreateDatabase()
{
    ExecuteSqlCommand(Master, string.Format(SqlResource.DatabaseScript, FileName));

    //Use T-Sql Scripts For Create Database
    //ExecuteSqlCommand(MyAppTest, SqlResources.V1_0_0);

    var migration =
        new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<ApplicationDbContext, DataLayer.Migrations.Configuration>();
    migration.InitializeDatabase(new ApplicationDbContext());

}

private static SqlConnectionStringBuilder Master =>
    new SqlConnectionStringBuilder
    {
        DataSource = @"(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDB",
        InitialCatalog = "master",
        IntegratedSecurity = true
    };

private static string FileName => Path.Combine(
    Path.GetDirectoryName(
        Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location),
    "MyAppTest.mdf");

<connectionStrings>
  <add name="DefaultConnection" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDb;Initial Catalog=MyAppTest;Integrated Security=True;" />
</connectionStrings>

private static void DestroyDatabase()
{
    var fileNames = ExecuteSqlQuery(Master, SqlResource.SelecDatabaseFileNames,
        row => (string)row["physical_name"]);

    if (!fileNames.Any()) return;

    ExecuteSqlCommand(Master, SqlResource.DetachDatabase);

    fileNames.ForEach(File.Delete);
}

public class AutoRollbackAttribute : Attribute, ITestAction
{
    private TransactionScope _scope;

    public void BeforeTest(ITest test)
    {
        _scope = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.RequiresNew,new TransactionOptions {IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.Snapshot});
    }

    public void AfterTest(ITest test)
    {
        _scope?.Dispose();
        _scope = null;
    }

    public ActionTargets Targets => ActionTargets.Test;
}

public class HttpContextAttribute:Attribute,ITestAction
{
    private FakeHttpContext.FakeHttpContext _httpContext;

    public void BeforeTest(ITest test)
    {
        _httpContext = new FakeHttpContext.FakeHttpContext();

    }

    public void AfterTest(ITest test)
    {
        _httpContext?.Dispose();
        _httpContext = null;
    }

    public ActionTargets Targets => ActionTargets.Test;
}

namespace MyApp.IntegrationTests.ServiceLayer
{
    [TestFixture]
    [AutoRollback]
    [HttpContext]
    public class RoleServiceTests
    {
        private IRoleApplicationService _roleService;

        [SetUp]
        public void Init()
        {
        }

        [TearDown]
        public void Clean()
        {
        }

        [OneTimeSetUp]
        public void SetUp()
        {
            _roleService = IoC.Resolve<IRoleApplicationService>();

            using (var uow = IoC.Resolve<IUnitOfWork>())
            {
                RoleInitialDataBuilder.Build(uow);
            }
        }

        [OneTimeTearDown]
        public void TearDown()
        {
        }

        [Test]
        [TestCase("Role1")]
        public void Should_Create_New_Role(string role)
        {
            var viewModel = new RoleCreateViewModel
            {
                Name = role
            };

            _roleService.Create(viewModel);

            using (var context = IoC.Resolve<IUnitOfWork>())
            {
                var user = context.Set<Role>().FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == role);
                user.ShouldNotBeNull();
            }
        }

        [Test]
        public void Should_Not_Create_New_Role_With_Admin_Name()
        {
            var viewModel = new RoleCreateViewModel
            {
                Name = "Admin"
            };

            Assert.Throws<DbUpdateException>(() => _roleService.Create(viewModel));
        }

        [Test]
        public void Should_AdminRole_Exists()
        {
            using (var context = IoC.Resolve<IUnitOfWork>())
            {
                var user = context.Set<Role>().FirstOrDefault(a => a.Name == "Admin");
                user.ShouldNotBeNull();
            }
        }

        [Test]
        public void Should_Not_Create_New_Role_Without_Name()
        {
            Assert.Throws<ValidationException>(() => _roleService.Create(new RoleCreateViewModel { Name = null }));
        }
    }
}

1. Constructor Injection
2. Property Injection
3. Method Injection
   
4. Action  & Handler Injection