ASP.NET Core in .NET 8 is your complete solution for modern web development. It handles all of your web development needs from the frontend to the backend. You can build beautiful, richly interactive web experiences with Blazor, and high-performance backend APIs and services that are reliable and secure. ASP.NET Core in .NET 8 is perfect for building cloud-native apps, and great tooling in Visual Studio and Visual Studio Code supercharges your productivity. With ASP.NET Core in .NET 8, every developer is a full stack developer!
ASP.NET Core 1.0 (formerly ASP.NET 5) provides a revamped Web development framework geared towards the requirements of modern Web applications. The new framework, currently in RC1, requires you to learn many new concepts not found in ASP.NET MVC 5. To that end, this article enumerates a few important features that ASP.NET MVC 5 developers should know as they prepare to learn this new framework.
کتاب PHP Succinctly
Known for its straightforward simplicity, PHP is an open source, general-purpose scripting language oriented for web development. In PHP Succinctly, author José Roberto Olivas Mendoza guides newcomers through PHP’s basics, which includes deployment, programming themes such as variables, decision making, arrays, functions, and databases, and the creation of a functional webpage that will connect to a database. By the end, you’ll be ready to join the vast community of PHP users around the world.
- Introduction to PHP
- Deploying PHP
- PHP Basics
- Functions and File Inclusion
- Files and Databases
- A Contact List Website
- General Summary
- General Conclusions
روال کار به این صورت بوده که قبل از رندر شدن صفحه در سمت سرور خروجی نهایی بررسی شده و با استفاده از عبارات با قاعده الگوهای مورد نظر لیست شده و سپس حذف میشوند و در نهایت خروجی مورد نظر حاصل خواهد شد. برای راحتی کار و عدم نوشتن این روال در تمامی صفحات میتواند در مستر پیج این عمل را انجام داد. مثلا:
private static readonly Regex RegexBetweenTags = new Regex(@">\s+<", RegexOptions.Compiled); private static readonly Regex RegexLineBreaks = new Regex(@"\r\s+", RegexOptions.Compiled); protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) { using (var htmlwriter = new HtmlTextWriter(new System.IO.StringWriter())) { base.Render(htmlwriter); var html = htmlwriter.InnerWriter.ToString(); html = RegexBetweenTags.Replace(html, "> <"); html = RegexLineBreaks.Replace(html, string.Empty); html = html.Replace("//<![CDATA[", "").Replace("//]]>", ""); html = html.Replace("// <![CDATA[", "").Replace("// ]]>", ""); writer.Write(html.Trim()); } }
این عمل در ASP.NET Webform به آسانی انجام شده و باعث حذف فضاهای خالی در خروجی صفحه میشود.
برای انجام این عمل در ASP.NET MVC روال کار به این صورت نیست و نمیتوان مانند ASP.NET Webform عمل کرد.
چون در MVC از ViewPage استفاده میشود و ما مستقیما به خروجی آن دسترسی نداریم یک روش این است که میتوانیم یک کلاس برای ViewPage تعریف کرده و رویداد Write آن را تحریف کرده و مانند مثال بالا فضای خالی را در خروجی حذف کرد. البته برای استفاده باید کلاس ایجاد شده را به عنوان فایل پایه جهت ایجاد صفحات در MVC فایل web.config معرفی کنیم. این روش در اینجا به وضوح شرح داده شده است.
اما هدف ما پیاده سازی با استفاده از اکشن فیلتر هاست. برای پیاده سازی ایتدا یک اکشن فیلتر به نام CompressAttribute تعریف میکنیم مانند زیر:
using System; using System.IO; using System.IO.Compression; using System.Text; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace PWS.Common.ActionFilters { public class CompressAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { #region Methods (2) // Public Methods (1) /// <summary> /// Called by the ASP.NET MVC framework before the action method executes. /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext">The filter context.</param> public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { var response = filterContext.HttpContext.Response; if (IsGZipSupported(filterContext.HttpContext.Request)) { String acceptEncoding = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (acceptEncoding.Contains("gzip")) { response.Filter = new GZipStream(response.Filter, CompressionMode.Compress); response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip"); } else { response.Filter = new DeflateStream(response.Filter, CompressionMode.Compress); response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate"); } } // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); //حذف فضاهای خالی
response.Filter = new WhitespaceFilter(response.Filter); } // Private Methods (1) /// <summary> /// Determines whether [is G zip supported] [the specified request]. /// </summary> /// <param name="request">The request.</param> /// <returns></returns> private Boolean IsGZipSupported(HttpRequestBase request) { String acceptEncoding = request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (acceptEncoding == null) return false; return !String.IsNullOrEmpty(acceptEncoding) && acceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || acceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"); } #endregion Methods } /// <summary> /// Whitespace Filter /// </summary> public class WhitespaceFilter : Stream { #region Fields (3) private readonly Stream _filter; /// <summary> /// /// </summary> private static readonly Regex RegexAll = new Regex(@"\s+|\t\s+|\n\s+|\r\s+", RegexOptions.Compiled); /// <summary> /// /// </summary> private static readonly Regex RegexTags = new Regex(@">\s+<", RegexOptions.Compiled); #endregion Fields #region Constructors (1) /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="WhitespaceFilter" /> class. /// </summary> /// <param name="filter">The filter.</param> public WhitespaceFilter(Stream filter) { _filter = filter; } #endregion Constructors #region Properties (5) //methods that need to be overridden from stream /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current stream supports reading. /// </summary> /// <returns>true if the stream supports reading; otherwise, false.</returns> public override bool CanRead { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current stream supports seeking. /// </summary> /// <returns>true if the stream supports seeking; otherwise, false.</returns> public override bool CanSeek { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, gets a value indicating whether the current stream supports writing. /// </summary> /// <returns>true if the stream supports writing; otherwise, false.</returns> public override bool CanWrite { get { return true; } } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, gets the length in bytes of the stream. /// </summary> /// <returns>A long value representing the length of the stream in bytes.</returns> public override long Length { get { return 0; } } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, gets or sets the position within the current stream. /// </summary> /// <returns>The current position within the stream.</returns> public override long Position { get; set; } #endregion Properties #region Methods (6) // Public Methods (6) /// <summary> /// Closes the current stream and releases any resources (such as sockets and file handles) associated with the current stream. Instead of calling this method, ensure that the stream is properly disposed. /// </summary> public override void Close() { _filter.Close(); } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, clears all buffers for this stream and causes any buffered data to be written to the underlying device. /// </summary> public override void Flush() { _filter.Flush(); } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, reads a sequence of bytes from the current stream and advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read. /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer">An array of bytes. When this method returns, the buffer contains the specified byte array with the values between <paramref name="offset" /> and (<paramref name="offset" /> + <paramref name="count" /> - 1) replaced by the bytes read from the current source.</param> /// <param name="offset">The zero-based byte offset in <paramref name="buffer" /> at which to begin storing the data read from the current stream.</param> /// <param name="count">The maximum number of bytes to be read from the current stream.</param> /// <returns> /// The total number of bytes read into the buffer. This can be less than the number of bytes requested if that many bytes are not currently available, or zero (0) if the end of the stream has been reached. /// </returns> public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return _filter.Read(buffer, offset, count); } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, sets the position within the current stream. /// </summary> /// <param name="offset">A byte offset relative to the <paramref name="origin" /> parameter.</param> /// <param name="origin">A value of type <see cref="T:System.IO.SeekOrigin" /> indicating the reference point used to obtain the new position.</param> /// <returns> /// The new position within the current stream. /// </returns> public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin) { return _filter.Seek(offset, origin); } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, sets the length of the current stream. /// </summary> /// <param name="value">The desired length of the current stream in bytes.</param> public override void SetLength(long value) { _filter.SetLength(value); } /// <summary> /// When overridden in a derived class, writes a sequence of bytes to the current stream and advances the current position within this stream by the number of bytes written. /// </summary> /// <param name="buffer">An array of bytes. This method copies <paramref name="count" /> bytes from <paramref name="buffer" /> to the current stream.</param> /// <param name="offset">The zero-based byte offset in <paramref name="buffer" /> at which to begin copying bytes to the current stream.</param> /// <param name="count">The number of bytes to be written to the current stream.</param> public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { string html = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer); //remove whitespace html = RegexTags.Replace(html, "> <"); html = RegexAll.Replace(html, " "); byte[] outdata = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(html); //write bytes to stream _filter.Write(outdata, 0, outdata.GetLength(0)); } #endregion Methods } }
در کلاس WhitespaceFilter با تحریف متد Write الگوهای فضای خالی موجود در درخواست یافت شده و آنها را حذف میکنیم. در نهایت خروجی این کلاس که از نوع استریم است به ویژگی فیلتر صفحه اعمال میشود.
برای معرفی فیلتر تعریف شده میتوان در فایل Global.asax در رویداد Application_Start به صورت زیر فیلتر مورد نظر را به فیلترهای MVC اعمال کرد.
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new CompressAttribute());
پ.ن: جهت سهولت، در این کلاس ها، صفحات فشرده سازی و همزمان فضاهای خالی آنها حذف شده است.
Unit Testing در AngularJS
JavaScript is a dynamically typed language which comes with great power of expression, but it also comes with almost no help from the compiler. For this reason we feel very strongly that any code written in JavaScript needs to come with a strong set of tests. We have built many features into Angular which make testing your Angular applications easy. With Angular, there is no excuse for not testing.
The current process creates friction for users. Finding an OTP within an SMS message, then copying and pasting it to the form is cumbersome, lowering conversion rates in critical user journeys. Easing this has been a long standing request for the web from many of the largest global developers. Android has an API that does exactly this. So does iOS and Safari