var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;


// Print the root of the solution.
Console.WriteLine(Path.GetFileName(sln.FilePath));
 
 
// Get dependency graph to perform a sort.
var g = sln.GetProjectDependencyGraph();
var ps = g.GetTopologicallySortedProjects();
 
 
// Print all projects, their documents, and references.
foreach (var p in ps)
{
    var proj = sln.GetProject(p);
 
    Console.WriteLine("> " + proj.Name);
 
    Console.WriteLine("  > References");
    foreach (var r in proj.ProjectReferences)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("    - " + sln.GetProject(r.ProjectId).Name);
    }
 
    foreach (var d in proj.Documents)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("  - " + d.Name);
    }
}

 Roslyn.sln
> Roslyn01
  > References
  - Program.cs
  - AssemblyInfo.cs
  - .NETFramework,Version=v4.6.AssemblyAttributes.cs

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;

// Get the Tests\Bar.cs document.
var proj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var test = proj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Bar.cs");
 
var tree = test.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result;
var root = tree.GetRootAsync().Result;
 
// Get all the spans in the document that are classified as language elements.
var spans = Classifier.GetClassifiedSpansAsync(test, root.FullSpan).Result.ToDictionary(c => c.TextSpan.Start, c => c);
 
// Print the source text with appropriate colorization.
var txt = tree.GetText().ToString();
 
var i = 0;
foreach (var c in txt)
{
    var span = default(ClassifiedSpan);
    if (spans.TryGetValue(i, out span))
    {
        var color = ConsoleColor.Gray;
 
        switch (span.ClassificationType)
        {
            case ClassificationTypeNames.Keyword:
                color = ConsoleColor.Cyan;
                break;
            case ClassificationTypeNames.StringLiteral:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.VerbatimStringLiteral:
                color = ConsoleColor.Red;
                break;
            case ClassificationTypeNames.Comment:
                color = ConsoleColor.Green;
                break;
            case ClassificationTypeNames.ClassName:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.InterfaceName:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.StructName:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.EnumName:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.TypeParameterName:
            case ClassificationTypeNames.DelegateName:
                color = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
                break;
            case ClassificationTypeNames.Identifier:
                color = ConsoleColor.DarkGray;
                break;
        }
 
        Console.ForegroundColor = color;
    }
 
    Console.Write(c);
 
    i++;
}

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;


// Get the Tests\Qux.cs document.
var proj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var qux = proj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Qux.cs");
 
Console.WriteLine("Before:");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(qux.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result.GetText());
 
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
 
 
// Apply formatting and print the result.
var res = Formatter.FormatAsync(qux).Result;
 
Console.WriteLine("After:");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(res.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result.GetText());
Console.WriteLine();

Before:

using System;

namespace Roslyn04.Tests
{
    class Qux {
        public void Baz()
        { Console.WriteLine(42);
            return;  }
    }
}


After:

using System;

namespace Roslyn04.Tests
{
    class Qux
    {
        public void Baz()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(42);
            return;
        }
    }
}

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;


// Get the Tests project.
var proj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
 
// Locate the symbol for the Bar.Foo method and the Bar.Qux property.
var comp = proj.GetCompilationAsync().Result;
 
var barType = comp.GetTypeByMetadataName("Roslyn04.Tests.Bar");
 
var fooMethod = barType.GetMembers().Single(m => m.Name == "Foo");
var quxProp = barType.GetMembers().Single(m => m.Name == "Qux");
 
 
// Find callers across the solution.
Console.WriteLine("Find callers of Foo");
Console.WriteLine();
 
var callers = SymbolFinder.FindCallersAsync(fooMethod, sln).Result;
foreach (var caller in callers)
{
    Console.WriteLine(caller.CallingSymbol);
    foreach (var location in caller.Locations)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("    " + location);
    }
}
 
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
 
// Find all references across the solution.
Console.WriteLine("Find all references to Qux");
Console.WriteLine();
 
var references = SymbolFinder.FindReferencesAsync(quxProp, sln).Result;
foreach (var reference in references)
{
    Console.WriteLine(reference.Definition);
    foreach (var location in reference.Locations)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("    " + location.Location);
    }
}

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;

// Get the Tests\Foo.cs document.
var proj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var foo = proj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Foo.cs");
 
 
// Find the 'dot' token in the first Console.WriteLine member access expression.
var tree = foo.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result;
var model = proj.GetCompilationAsync().Result.GetSemanticModel(tree);
var consoleDot = tree.GetRoot().DescendantNodes().OfType<MemberAccessExpressionSyntax>().First().OperatorToken;
 
 
// Get recommendations at the indicated cursor position.
//
//   Console.WriteLine
//           ^
var res = Recommender.GetRecommendedSymbolsAtPosition(

                    model, consoleDot.GetLocation().SourceSpan.Start + 1, ws).ToList();
 
foreach (var rec in res)
{
    Console.WriteLine(rec);
}

 System.Console.Beep()
System.Console.Beep(int, int)
System.Console.Clear()

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;


// Get Tests\Bar.cs before making changes.
var oldProj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var oldDoc = oldProj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Bar.cs");
 
Console.WriteLine("Before:");
Console.WriteLine();
 
var oldTxt = oldDoc.GetTextAsync().Result;
Console.WriteLine(oldTxt);
 
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
 
 
// Get the symbol for the Bar.Foo method.
var comp = oldProj.GetCompilationAsync().Result;
 
var barType = comp.GetTypeByMetadataName("Roslyn04.Tests.Bar");
var fooMethod = barType.GetMembers().Single(m => m.Name == "Foo");
 
 
// Perform the rename.
var newSln = Renamer.RenameSymbolAsync(sln, fooMethod, "Foo2", ws.Options).Result;
 
 
// Get Tests\Bar.cs after making changes.
var newProj = newSln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var newDoc = newProj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Bar.cs");
 
Console.WriteLine("After:");
Console.WriteLine();
 
var newTxt = newDoc.GetTextAsync().Result;
Console.WriteLine(newTxt);

var ws = MSBuildWorkspace.Create();
var sln = ws.OpenSolutionAsync(@"..\..\..\Roslyn.sln").Result;


// Get the Tests\Baz.cs document.
var proj = sln.Projects.Single(p => p.Name == "Roslyn04.Tests");
var baz = proj.Documents.Single(d => d.Name == "Baz.cs");
 
Console.WriteLine("Before:");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(baz.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result.GetText());
 
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
 
var oldRoot = baz.GetSyntaxRootAsync().Result;

 
var memberAccesses = oldRoot.DescendantNodes().OfType<CastExpressionSyntax>();
var newRoot = oldRoot.ReplaceNodes(memberAccesses, (_, m) => m.WithAdditionalAnnotations(Simplifier.Annotation));
 
var newDoc = baz.WithSyntaxRoot(newRoot);
 
 
// Invoke the simplifier and print the result.
var res = Simplifier.ReduceAsync(newDoc).Result;
 
Console.WriteLine("After:");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(res.GetSyntaxTreeAsync().Result.GetText());
Console.WriteLine();

 public ActionResult Index()

 public async Task<ActionResult> Index()

using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Async11.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public async Task<ActionResult> Index()
        {
            var url = "https://www.dntips.ir";
            var client = new HttpClient(); // make sure you have an assembly reference to System.Net.Http.dll
            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("Test Async");
            var result = await client.GetStringAsync(url);
            return View(result);
        }
    }
}

   [AsyncTimeout(duration: 1200)]
  public async Task<ActionResult> Index(CancellationToken ct)

   public async Task<ActionResult> Index()
  {
     var model = await db.Books.ToListAsync();
     return View(model);
  }

public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)
public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)
public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource> source, ParallelOptions parallelOptions, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)
public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IAsyncEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)
public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IAsyncEnumerable<TSource> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)
public static Task ForEachAsync<TSource>(IAsyncEnumerable<TSource> source, ParallelOptions parallelOptions, Func<TSource, CancellationToken, ValueTask> body)

customers.ForEach(c => SendEmailAsync(c));

foreach(var c in customers)
{
    SendEmailAsync(c); // the return task is ignored
}

customers.ForEach(async c => await SendEmailAsync(c));

foreach(var c in customers)
{
   await SendEmailAsync(c);
}

foreach(var o in orders)
{
    await ProcessOrderAsync(o);
}

var tasks = orders.Select(o => ProcessOrderAsync(o)).ToList();
await Task.WhenAll(tasks);

public IEnumerable<Product> GetProducts()
{
    using (var stream = File.Read(Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "products.xml")))
    {
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer();
        return (IEnumerable<Product>)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
    }
}

public IEnumerable<Product> GetCachedProducts()
{
    var fullPath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "ProductCache.xml");
    if (!File.Exists(fullPath))
        return new Product[0];
         
    using (var stream = File.Read(fullPath))
    {
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer();
        return (IEnumerable<Product>)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
    }
}

IEnumerable<Product> GetProducts()

IEnumerable<Product> GetCachedProducts()

public class UserRepository : IUserRepository
{
    public IList<User> Search(string value)
    {
        try
        {
              return CreateConnectionAndACommandAndReturnAList("WHERE value=@value", Parameter.New("value", value));
        }
        catch (SqlException err)
        {
             var msg = String.Format("Ohh no!  Failed to search after users with '{0}' as search string", value);
             throw new DataSourceException(msg, err);
        }
    }
}

public void PrintName(string name)
{
     Console.WriteLine(name);
}

public void PrintName(string name)
{
    if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
     
     Console.WriteLine(name);
}

public void PrintName(string name)
{
    if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("name");
    if (name.Length < 5 || name.Length > 10) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("name", name, "Name must be between 5 or 10 characters long");
    if (name.Any(x => !char.IsAlphaNumeric(x)) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("name", name, "May only contain alpha numerics");
     
     Console.WriteLine(name);
}

public User GetUser(int id)
{
}

var user = datasource.GetUser(userId);
if (user == null)
    throw new InvalidOperationException("Failed to find user: " + userId);
// actual logic here

public User GetUser(int id)
{
    if (id <= 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("id", id, "Valid ids are from 1 and above. Do you have a parsing error somewhere?");
    
    var user = db.Execute<User>("WHERE Id = ?", id);
    if (user == null)
        throw new EntityNotFoundException("Failed to find user with id " + id);
        
    return user;
}

try
{
    FutileAttemptToResist();
}
catch (BorgException err)
{
     _myDearLog.Error("I'm in da cube! Ohh no!", err);
    throw err;
}

try
{
    GreaseTinMan();
}
catch (InvalidOperationException err)
{
    throw new TooScaredLion("The Lion was not in the m00d", err); //<---- استثناء اصلی بهتر است به استثناء جدید پاس داده شود
}

try
{
   socket.Connect("somethingawful.com", 80);
}
catch (SocketException err)
{
    throw new InvalidOperationException("Socket failed", err);  
}

void IncreaseStatusForUser(int userId, int newStatus)
{
    try
    {
         var user  = _repository.Get(userId);
         if (user == null)
             throw new UpdateException(string.Format("Failed to find user #{0} when trying to increase status to {1}", userId, newStatus));
    
         user.Status = newStatus;
         _repository.Save(user);
    }
   catch (DataSourceException err)
   {
       var errMsg = string.Format("Failed to find modify user #{0} when trying to increase status to {1}", userId, newStatus);
        throw new UpdateException(errMsg, err);
   }

public NewException()
public NewException(string description )
public NewException(string description, Exception inner)
protected or private NewException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)

“The given key was not present in the dictionary.”

“The key ‘abrakadabra’ was not present in the dictionary.”

public class SampleException : Exception
{
    public SampleException(string description)
        : base(description)
    {
        if (description == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("description");
    }
 
    public SampleException(string description, Exception inner)
        : base(description, inner)
    {
        if (description == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("description");
        if (inner == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("inner");
    }
 
    public SampleException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
    }
}

public class HttpException : Exception
{
    System.Net.HttpStatusCode _statusCode;
     
    public HttpException(System.Net.HttpStatusCode statusCode, string description)
        : base(description)
    {
        if (description == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("description");
        _statusCode = statusCode;
    }
 
    public HttpException(System.Net.HttpStatusCode statusCode, string description, Exception inner)
        : base(description, inner)
    {
        if (description == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("description");
        if (inner == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("inner");
        _statusCode = statusCode;
    }
 
    public HttpException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
    }
     
    public System.Net.HttpStatusCode StatusCode { get; private set; }
 
}

public override string Message
{
        get { return base.Message + "\r\nStatus code: " + StatusCode; }
}

public class HttpException : Exception
{
    // [...]
 
    public HttpException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
        // this is new
        StatusCode = (HttpStatusCode) info.GetInt32("HttpStatusCode");
    }
 
    public HttpStatusCode StatusCode { get; private set; }
 
    public override string Message
    {
        get { return base.Message + "\r\nStatus code: " + StatusCode; }
    }
 
    // this is new
    public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        base.GetObjectData(info, context);
        info.AddValue("HttpStatusCode", (int) StatusCode);
    }
}

throw new Exception("Unknown FaileType");
throw new Exception("Unecpected workingDirectory");

"Unecpected workingDirectory"