Ever wondered how JWT came to be and what problems it was designed to tackle? Are you curious about the plethora of algorithms available for signing and encrypting JWTs? Or are you interested in getting up-to-speed with JWTs as soon as possible? Then this handbook is for you. 

You may wish to detect idle users and respond, for example, to log them out so their sensitive data is protected, or taunt them, or whatever. I don't care.

This module will include a variety of services and directives to help you in this task. 

تبدیل یک ساختار Relational به JSON 

میتوانیم خروجی موردنظر را در قالب JSON نیز کوئری بگیریم: 

SELECT 
    JSON_OBJECT('id',
            U.id,
            'user',
            CONCAT_WS(' ', U.first_name, U.last_name),
            'title',
            BP.title)
FROM
    Users AS U
        JOIN
    BlogPosts AS BP ON U.id = BP.user_id;

به عنوان مثال میتوانیم لیست کاربران را به همراه بلاگ پست‌هایشان، اینگونه کوئری بگیریم: 

SELECT 
    JSON_OBJECT('user',
            CONCAT_WS(' ', U.first_name, U.last_name),
            'blog_posts',
            JSON_ARRAYAGG(JSON_OBJECT('id', BP.id, 'title', BP.title))) AS JSON
FROM
    Users AS U
        JOIN
    BlogPosts AS BP ON U.id = BP.user_id
GROUP BY U.id;

خروجی کوئری فوق اینچنین خواهد بود:

تبدیل یک ساختار JSON به Relational 

همچنین میتوانیم یک ساختار JSON را به صورت Relational تبدیل کنیم. اینکار توسط تابع JSON_TABLE قابل انجام است. کاری که این تابع انجام میدهد، ایجاد یک جدول موقت و کپی کردن دیتای موردنظر درون آن است. فرض کنید ساختار JSON زیر را به اینصورت درون دیتابیس ذخیره کرده‌ایم:

{
  "id": "1",
  "new": false,
  "sku": "asdf123",
  "tag": ["fashion", "men", "jacket", "full sleeve"],
  "name": "Lorem ipsum jacket",
  "image": [
    "/assets/img/product/fashion/1.jpg",
    "/assets/img/product/fashion/3.jpg",
    "/assets/img/product/fashion/6.jpg",
    "/assets/img/product/fashion/8.jpg",
    "/assets/img/product/fashion/9.jpg"
  ],
  "price": 12.45,
  "rating": 4,
  "category": ["fashion", "men"],
  "discount": 10,
  "offerEnd": "October 5, 2020 12:11:00",
  "saleCount": 54,
  "description": {
    "fullDescription": "Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit qui in ea voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum qui dolorem eum fugiat quo voluptas nulla pariatur? Nor again is there anyone who loves or pursues or desires to obtain pain of itself, because it is pain, but because occasionally circumstances occur in which toil and pain can procure him some great pleasure. To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses to enjoy a pleasure that has no annoying consequences, or one who avoids a pain that produces no resultant pleasure?",
    "shortDescription": "Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit qui in ea voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae consequatur."
  }
}

اکنون میخواهیم چنین خروجی‌ای داشته باشیم: 

کوئری موردنیاز برای تهیه خروجی فوق اینچنین خواهد بود: 

SELECT newTable.* 
FROM experiments.productMetadata,
JSON_TABLE(
data,
    "$" COLUMNS (
id INT PATH "$.id",
        new CHAR(5) PATH "$.new",
        sku CHAR(20) PATH "$.sku",
        price FLOAT PATH "$.price",
        rating FLOAT PATH "$.rating",
        name CHAR(255) PATH "$.name",
        discount FLOAT PATH "$.discount",
        offerEnd TEXT PATH "$.offerEnd",
        saleCount INT PATH "$.saleCount",
        description TEXT PATH "$.description.shortDescription"
    )
) AS newTable;

تابع JSON_TABLE دو ورودی نیاز خواهد داشت؛ ورودی اول ستون JSONی است که میخوایم از آن کوئری بگیریم. ورودی دوم با تعیین path شروع خواهد شد. از آنجائیکه محتوای داخل ستون data به صورت آبجکت ذخیره شده‌است، از $ استفاده کرده‌ایم که به معنای داکیومنت جاری است. سپس توسط کلمه کلیدی COLUMNS ساختار جدول موقت‌مان را تعریف خواهیم کرد. این ساختار به صورت یک آرگومان به COLUMNS ارسال خواهد شد و شبیه به ساختار CREATE TABLE است؛ با این تفاوت که بعد از تعریف نوع داده‌ای هر ستون باید مسیر رسیدن به مقدار موردنظر را نیز تعیین کنیم که در واقع همان سینتکس pathی است که در مثالهای قبل نیز بررسی کردیم. به عنوان مثال برای رسیدن به مقدار پراپرتی name، مسیر را به صورت name.$ نوشته‌ایم. این path از آرایه نیز پشتیبانی میکند؛ مثلاً برای دسترسی به عنصر اول آرایه tag کافی است اینگونه عمل کنیم: 

tag CHAR(20) PATH "$.tag[0]"

همچنین تابع JSON_TABLE، از ساختارهای تودرتو نیز پشتیبانی میکند. به عنوان مثال برای داشتن مقادیر tag, category, image در خروجی میتوانیم از کلمه کلیدی NESTED استفاده کنیم: 

SELECT newTable.* 
FROM experiments.productMetadata,
JSON_TABLE(
data,
    "$" COLUMNS (
id INT PATH "$.id",
        new CHAR(5) PATH "$.new",
        sku CHAR(20) PATH "$.sku",
        price FLOAT PATH "$.price",
        rating FLOAT PATH "$.rating",
        NESTED PATH '$.tag[*]' COLUMNS (tag TEXT PATH '$'),
        name CHAR(255) PATH "$.name",
        discount FLOAT PATH "$.discount",
        offerEnd TEXT PATH "$.offerEnd",
        saleCount INT PATH "$.saleCount",
        description TEXT PATH "$.description.shortDescription",
        NESTED PATH '$.image[*]' COLUMNS (image TEXT PATH '$'),
        NESTED PATH '$.category[*]' COLUMNS (category TEXT PATH '$')
    )
) AS newTable;

درون COLUMNS میتوانیم یک name FOR ORDINALITY نیز تعیین کنیم. این فیلد دقیقاً مشابه AUTO INCREMENT در ساختار CREATE TABLE میباشد. به این معنا که به ازای هر آیتم فیلد nested، یک واحد اضافه خواهد شد. از آن میتوانیم به عنوان rowId برای آیتم آرایه استفاده کنیم:

NESTED PATH '$.category[*]' COLUMNS (categoryRowId FOR ORDINALITY, category TEXT PATH '$')

همچنین از ON EMPTY برای پراپرتی‌هایی که در ساختار JSON وجود ندارند نیز میتوانیم استفاده کنیم. به عنوان مثال در کوئری زیر گفته‌ایم در صورت عدم وجود price، یک مقدار پیش‌فرض باید نمایش داده شود و همچنین در صورت عدم وجود name، یک خطا در خروجی نمایش داده شود:

name CHAR(255) PATH "$.name" ERROR ON EMPTY,
price FLOAT PATH "$.price" DEFAULT "0" ON EMPTY,

همچنین میتوانیم مقدار NULL را در صورت عدم وجود name ست کنیم:

name CHAR(255) PATH "$.name" NULL ON EMPTY,

Complete Fullstack Pet Adoption Store Mobile App with .NET MAUI + Asp.Net Core Web API + SignalR  

CREATE PROCEDURE sp_PagedItems
(
 @Page int,
 @RecsPerPage int
)
AS

-- We don't want to return the # of rows inserted
-- into our temporary table, so turn NOCOUNT ON
SET NOCOUNT ON


--Create a temporary table
CREATE TABLE #TempItems
(
ID int IDENTITY,
Name varchar(50),
Price currency
)


-- Insert the rows from tblItems into the temp. table
INSERT INTO #TempItems (Name, Price)
SELECT Name,Price FROM tblItem ORDER BY Price

-- Find out the first and last record we want
DECLARE @FirstRec int, @LastRec int
SELECT @FirstRec = (@Page - 1) * @RecsPerPage
SELECT @LastRec = (@Page * @RecsPerPage + 1)

-- Now, return the set of paged records, plus, an indiciation of we
-- have more records or not!
SELECT *,
MoreRecords =
(
 SELECT COUNT(*)
 FROM #TempItems TI
 WHERE TI.ID >= @LastRec
)
FROM #TempItems
WHERE ID > @FirstRec AND ID < @LastRec


-- Turn NOCOUNT back OFF
SET NOCOUNT OFF

 Application: DNTProfiler.exe
Framework Version: v4.0.30319
Description: The process was terminated due to an unhandled exception.
Exception Info: System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException
Stack:
at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load

 CommandLine: C:\Tests\DNTProfiler.1.0.808.0\DNTProfiler.exe
Symbol search path is: srv*
Executable search path is:
ModLoad: 00150000 00176000 DNTProfiler.exe
ModLoad: 76f30000 77098000 ntdll.dll
ModLoad: 72ee0000 72f36000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\MSCOREE.DLL
ModLoad: 74be0000 74d20000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\KERNEL32.dll
ModLoad: 756e0000 757af000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\KERNELBASE.dll
(684.764): Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
eax=00000000 ebx=00000000 ecx=37af0000 edx=00000000 esi=7eb8f000 edi=00000000
eip=76fe2d15 esp=002ff604 ebp=002ff630 iopl=0 nv up ei pl zr na pe nc
cs=0023  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b efl=00000246
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found.  Defaulted to export symbols for ntdll.dll -
ntdll!LdrResolveDelayLoadsFromDll+0xa89:
76fe2d15 cc   int   3

 0:000> g
ModLoad: 757b0000 75827000 C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ADVAPI32.dll
ModLoad: 05080000 05102000 Newtonsoft.Json.dll
(684.764): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance)
(684.764): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance)
(684.764): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance)
(684.764): CLR exception - code e0434352 (first chance)
First chance exceptions are reported before any exception handling.
This exception may be expected and handled.
eax=002fd0a0 ebx=00000005 ecx=00000005 edx=00000000 esi=002fd164 edi=00000001
eip=756f3d67 esp=002fd0a0 ebp=002fd0f8 iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz ac pe nc
cs=0023  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b efl=00200216
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found.  Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\SysWOW64\KERNELBASE.dll -
KERNELBASE!RaiseException+0x48:
756f3d67 8b4c2454   mov   ecx,dword ptr [esp+54h] ss:002b:002fd0f4=3fce1188

 0:000> sxe clr
0:000> g
(684.764): C++ EH exception - code e06d7363 (first chance)
(684.764): CLR exception - code e0434352 (first chance)
First chance exceptions are reported before any exception handling.
This exception may be expected and handled.
eax=002fe2a0 ebx=00000005 ecx=00000005 edx=00000000 esi=002fe368 edi=00000001
eip=756f3d67 esp=002fe2a0 ebp=002fe2fc iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz ac pe nc
cs=0023  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b efl=00200216
KERNELBASE!RaiseException+0x48:
756f3d67 8b4c2454   mov   ecx,dword ptr [esp+54h] ss:002b:002fe2f4=3fce2388

 0:000> !loadby sos clr
0:000> !CLRStack
*** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found.  Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll -
PDB symbol for clr.dll not loaded
OS Thread Id: 0x764 (0)
Child SP IP Call Site
002fe3f4 756f3d67 [GCFrame: 002fe3f4]
002fe430 756f3d67 [GCFrame: 002fe430]
002fe528 756f3d67 [GCFrame: 002fe528]
002fe544 756f3d67 [HelperMethodFrame_2OBJ: 002fe544] System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(System.RuntimeType, Boolean, Boolean, Boolean ByRef, System.RuntimeMethodHandleInternal ByRef, Boolean ByRef)
DNTProfiler.App.Main()
002ff190 720e2652 [GCFrame: 002ff190]

 0:000> !PrintException
Exception object: 021e6f0c
Exception type: System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException
Message: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.
InnerException: System.IO.FileNotFoundException, Use !PrintException 021e6950 to see more.
StackTrace (generated):
<none>
StackTraceString: <none>
HResult: 80131604
0:000> !PrintException 021e6950
Exception object: 021e6950
Exception type: System.IO.FileNotFoundException
Message: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Net.Http.Formatting, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
InnerException: <none>
StackTrace (generated):
SP IP Function
00000000 00000001 DNTProfiler!DNTProfiler.Services.SelfHostConfig.getHostConfiguration(System.String, Boolean)+0x2
002FE298 006B4E54 DNTProfiler!DNTProfiler.Services.SelfHostConfig.OpenWait(System.String, Boolean)+0x14
002FE2B0 006B4A3F DNTProfiler!DNTProfiler.ViewModels.MainWindowViewModel.doStart(System.String)+0x1f
002FE2C0 006B368D DNTProfiler!DNTProfiler.ViewModels.MainWindowViewModel..ctor(DNTProfiler.Common.Mvvm.ICommonDialogsService, DNTProfiler.Common.Controls.DialogManagement.Contracts.IDialogManager)+0xcd
002FE2D8 006B04C9 DNTProfiler!DNTProfiler.MainWindow..ctor()+0x91

StackTraceString: <none>
HResult: 80070002

 0:000> g
0:000> sxe clr
0:000> g
0:000> !loadby sos clr
0:000> !CLRStack
0:000> !PrintException

Retirement of MCSA, MCSD, MCSE certifications and related exams extended

We know many of you are working toward completing your Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate (MCSA), Microsoft Certified Solutions Developer (MCSD), or Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert (MCSE) certification(s). We realize that the current environment could potentially hamper your ability to finish your certification before the original retirement date of June 30, 2020. To address this issue, we are extending the retirement date for these specific certifications to January 31, 2021 to give you more time to complete the exams and earn your certification. 

This video shows how to create a microservice from scratch using .NET 5. You will learn:
• How to create a .NET 5 microservice from scratch
• Build and debug a .NET 5 project in VS Code
• Interact with your microservice endpoints via Open API and Postman
• Keep configuration and secrets separate from your service code
• Simplify http requests to external endpoints
• Deal with transient errors on external services
• Report the health of the service and its dependencies
• Produce logs suited for a microservice environment