CREATE TABLE cd.members
    (
       memid integer NOT NULL, 
       surname character varying(200) NOT NULL, 
       firstname character varying(200) NOT NULL, 
       address character varying(300) NOT NULL, 
       zipcode integer NOT NULL, 
       telephone character varying(20) NOT NULL, 
       recommendedby integer,
       joindate timestamp not null,
       CONSTRAINT members_pk PRIMARY KEY (memid),
       CONSTRAINT fk_members_recommendedby FOREIGN KEY (recommendedby)
            REFERENCES cd.members(memid) ON DELETE SET NULL
    );

   CREATE TABLE cd.facilities
    (
       facid integer NOT NULL, 
       name character varying(100) NOT NULL, 
       membercost numeric NOT NULL, 
       guestcost numeric NOT NULL, 
       initialoutlay numeric NOT NULL, 
       monthlymaintenance numeric NOT NULL, 
       CONSTRAINT facilities_pk PRIMARY KEY (facid)
    );

CREATE TABLE cd.bookings
    (
       bookid integer NOT NULL, 
       facid integer NOT NULL, 
       memid integer NOT NULL, 
       starttime timestamp NOT NULL,
       slots integer NOT NULL,
       CONSTRAINT bookings_pk PRIMARY KEY (bookid),
       CONSTRAINT fk_bookings_facid FOREIGN KEY (facid) REFERENCES cd.facilities(facid),
       CONSTRAINT fk_bookings_memid FOREIGN KEY (memid) REFERENCES cd.members(memid)
    );

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class Member
    {
        public int MemId { set; get; }

        public string Surname { set; get; }

        public string FirstName { set; get; }

        public string Address { set; get; }

        public int ZipCode { set; get; }

        public string Telephone { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Member> Children { get; set; }
        public virtual Member Recommender { set; get; }
        public int? RecommendedBy { set; get; }

        public DateTime JoinDate { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Booking> Bookings { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class Facility
    {
        public int FacId { set; get; }

        public string Name { set; get; }

        public decimal MemberCost { set; get; }

        public decimal GuestCost { set; get; }

        public decimal InitialOutlay { set; get; }

        public decimal MonthlyMaintenance { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Booking> Bookings { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class Booking
    {
        public int BookId { set; get; }

        public int FacId { set; get; }
        public virtual Facility Facility { set; get; }

        public int MemId { set; get; }
        public virtual Member Member { set; get; }

        public DateTime StartTime { set; get; }

        public int Slots { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class MemberConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Member>
    {
        public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Member> builder)
        {
            builder.HasKey(member => member.MemId);
            builder.Property(member => member.MemId).IsRequired().UseIdentityColumn(seed: 0, increment: 1);

            builder.Property(member => member.Surname).HasMaxLength(200).IsRequired();
            builder.Property(member => member.FirstName).HasMaxLength(200).IsRequired();
            builder.Property(member => member.Address).HasMaxLength(300).IsRequired();
            builder.Property(member => member.ZipCode).IsRequired();
            builder.Property(member => member.Telephone).HasMaxLength(20).IsRequired();

            builder.HasIndex(member => member.RecommendedBy);
            builder.HasOne(member => member.Recommender)
                    .WithMany(member => member.Children)
                    .HasForeignKey(member => member.RecommendedBy);

            builder.Property(member => member.JoinDate).IsRequired();

            builder.HasIndex(member => member.JoinDate).HasName("IX_JoinDate");
            builder.HasIndex(member => member.RecommendedBy).HasName("IX_RecommendedBy");
        }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class FacilityConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Facility>
    {
        public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Facility> builder)
        {
            builder.HasKey(facility => facility.FacId);
            builder.Property(facility => facility.FacId).IsRequired().UseIdentityColumn(seed: 0, increment: 1);

            builder.Property(facility => facility.Name).HasMaxLength(100).IsRequired();

            builder.Property(facility => facility.MemberCost).IsRequired().HasColumnType("decimal(18, 6)");

            builder.Property(facility => facility.GuestCost).IsRequired().HasColumnType("decimal(18, 6)");

            builder.Property(facility => facility.InitialOutlay).IsRequired().HasColumnType("decimal(18, 6)");

            builder.Property(facility => facility.MonthlyMaintenance).IsRequired().HasColumnType("decimal(18, 6)");
        }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class BookingConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Booking>
    {
        public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Booking> builder)
        {
            builder.HasKey(booking => booking.BookId);
            builder.Property(booking => booking.BookId).IsRequired().UseIdentityColumn(seed: 0, increment: 1);

            builder.Property(booking => booking.FacId).IsRequired();
            builder.HasOne(booking => booking.Facility)
                    .WithMany(facility => facility.Bookings)
                    .HasForeignKey(booking => booking.FacId);

            builder.Property(booking => booking.MemId).IsRequired();
            builder.HasOne(booking => booking.Member)
                    .WithMany(member => member.Bookings)
                    .HasForeignKey(booking => booking.MemId);

            builder.Property(booking => booking.StartTime).IsRequired();

            builder.Property(booking => booking.Slots).IsRequired();

            builder.HasIndex(booking => new { booking.MemId, booking.FacId }).HasName("IX_memid_facid");
            builder.HasIndex(booking => new { booking.FacId, booking.StartTime }).HasName("IX_facid_starttime");
            builder.HasIndex(booking => new { booking.MemId, booking.StartTime }).HasName("IX_memid_starttime");
            builder.HasIndex(booking => booking.StartTime).HasName("IX_starttime");
        }
    }
}

namespace EFCorePgExercises.DataLayer
{
    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options)
            : base(options)
        {
        }

        public DbSet<Member> Members { get; set; }

        public DbSet<Booking> Bookings { get; set; }

        public DbSet<Facility> Facilities { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);

            modelBuilder.ApplyConfigurationsFromAssembly(typeof(MemberConfiguration).Assembly);
        }
    }
}

dotnet tool install --global dotnet-ef --version 3.1.6
dotnet tool update --global dotnet-ef --version 3.1.6
dotnet build
dotnet ef migrations add Init --context ApplicationDbContext

context.Facilities.Add(new Facility { Name = "Tennis Court 1", MemberCost = 5, GuestCost = 25, InitialOutlay = 10000, MonthlyMaintenance = 200 });
// مابقی موارد
context.SaveChanges();

context.Members.Add(new Member { ... });
context.SaveChanges(); // For id = 0 = Int's CLR Default Value!

using (var transaction = context.Database.BeginTransaction())
{
    try
    {
        context.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw("SET IDENTITY_INSERT Members ON");

        context.Members.Add(new Member { ... });
        // مابقی موارد

        context.SaveChanges();

        transaction.Commit();
    }
    catch
    {
        transaction.Rollback();
        throw;
    }
    finally
    {
        context.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw("SET IDENTITY_INSERT Members OFF");
    }
}

"args": ["--target", "ES5",
            "--outDir", "js",
            "--module", "commonjs",
            "--sourceMap",
            "--watch",
             "app.ts"],

 tsc --project ./lib

 {
     "compilerOptions": {
                      "target": "es5",
                      "outDir": "js",
                      "module":"commonjs",
                      "sourceMap":true
     },
     "files": [
             "app.ts",
             "classes.ts"
     ]
}

{
      "compilerOptions": {
                     "target": "es5",
                     "outDir": "js"
      },
      "exclude": [
               "node_modules",
               "lib"
      ]
}

{
         "compilerOptions": {
                  "target": "es5",
                  "outDir": "js",
                  "module": "commonjs",
                  "sourceMap": true,
                  "watch": true
         },
         "files": [
                "app.ts",
                "typings/main.d.ts"
         ]
}

PM> install-package AutoMapper
PM> install-package EntityFramework

public class BlogPost
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
 
    [ForeignKey("UserId")]
    public virtual User User { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
}

public class User
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
 
    public virtual ICollection<BlogPost> BlogPosts { get; set; }
}

public class UserViewModel
{
    public int Id { set; get; }
    public string Name { set; get; }
 
    public ICollection<BlogPost> BlogPosts { get; set; }
}

public class TestProfile : Profile
{
    protected override void Configure()
    {
        this.CreateMap<User, UserViewModel>();
    }
 
    public override string ProfileName
    {
        get { return this.GetType().Name; }
    }
}

Mapper.Initialize(cfg => // In Application_Start()
{
    cfg.AddProfile<TestProfile>();
});

using (var context = new MyContext())
{
    var user1 = context.Users.FirstOrDefault();
    if (user1 != null)
    {
        var uiUser = new UserViewModel();
        Mapper.Map(source: user1, destination: uiUser);
 
        Console.WriteLine(uiUser.Name);
        foreach (var post in uiUser.BlogPosts)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(post.Title);
        }
    }
}

 var user1 = context.Users.Include(user => user.BlogPosts).FirstOrDefault();

 var uiUser = context.Users.Project().To<UserViewModel>().FirstOrDefault();

public class PersonDiscountCalculator : DiscountCalculator 
{ 
    private decimal AddSpecificDiscountForPerson(decimal baseDiscount) 
    { 
        // calculate base discount for person 
        return 0; 
    } 
    protected override decimal GetFinalDiscount() 
    { 
        var baseDiscount = CalculateGeneralDiscount(); 
        var added = AddSpecificDiscountForPerson(baseDiscount); 
        return added; 
    } 
}

public abstract class DiscountCalculator 
{ 
    protected decimal CalculateGeneralDiscount() 
    { 
        // calculate general discount 
        return 0; 
    } 
    protected abstract decimal AddSpecificDiscount(decimal baseDiscount); 
    protected virtual decimal GetFinalDiscount() 
    { 
        var baseDiscount = CalculateGeneralDiscount(); 
        var addedDiscount = AddSpecificDiscount(baseDiscount); 
        return addedDiscount; 
    } 
}

public class CompanyDiscountCalculator: DiscountCalculator 
{ 
    protected override decimal AddSpecificDiscount(decimal baseDiscount) 
        { 
            // add some customer specific discounts to base discount 
            return 0; 
        } 
    } 
    public class PersonDiscountCalculator : DiscountCalculator 
    { 
        protected override decimal AddSpecificDiscount(decimal baseDiscount) 
        { 
            // calculate base discount for person 
            return 0; 
        } 
}

جمع بندی 

در صورتیکه این کد بد بو اصلاح شود، معمولا با کدی قابل درک‌تر و با سازماندهی منطقی بهتری روبرو خواهیم بود. به طور کلی رعایت رابطه منطقی بین کلاس‌ها، علاوه بر جلوگیری از بروز مشکل «میراث رد شده»، خوانایی کد را افزایش داده و اعمال تغییرات در آن را نیز آسان‌تر می‌کند.

var image = document.createElement("img");
image.setAttribute("src", "logo.png");

React.createElement("img", { src : "logo.png" });

تفاوت در ساخت تگ‌های HTML به صورت مجازی بین JavaScript و React این است که React وضعیت تگ‌هایی را که می‌سازد دنبال می‌کند. برای مثال فرض کنید نام سه محصول را در یک تگ < ul > نشان داده‌ایم. React وضعیت اصلی این تگ را که به مرورگر فرستاده، در حافظه دارد و همچنین در اثر تغییر منبع داده‌ای که برای < ul > مشخص کرده‌ایم (که میتواند ورود اطلاعات به صورت Ajax باشد (مثلا اضافه شدن یک محصول جدید)) وضعیت جدیدی را برای تگ < ul > در حافظه ایجاد میکند. با وجود دو وضعیت برای یک تگ در حافظه، React میتواند تفاوت بین آنها را تشخیص داده و تگ را به روز کند. به این حالت عملکرد React ، اصطلاحا Virtual DOM می‌گویند.

React رابط کاربری را به صورت یک مدل می‌بیند و این مدل را با توجه به وضعیت اصلی آن در حافظه دوباره می‌سازد. برای React مهم نیست که ماهیت تغییر چیست. فقط وضعیت‌ها را مثل دو عکس می‌بیند و میفهمد که آیا چیزی عوض شده‌است یا نه. دیالوگ React با مرورگر اینطور است: ای تگ < ul > این لیست را نشان بده (لیستی با سه محصول)، و بعد می‌گوید: ای تگ < ul > این لیست را نشان بده (لیستی با چهار محصول)!

کامپوننت‌های React

<a href = “http://google.com”>
     <img src=”google.png”/>
</a>

// Components
<clickableimage/>
<linkimage/>

var ClickableImage = function(props) {
  return (
      <a href={props.href}>
         <img src={props.src} />
      </a>
    );
};

ReactDOM.render(
<ClickableImage href="http://google.com" src="logo.png" />,
document.getElementById("targetDivId"));

    public class IdentityErrorDescriber
    {
        public virtual IdentityError DefaultError()
        {
            return new IdentityError
            {
                Code = nameof(DefaultError),
                Description = Resources.DefaultError
            };
        }

    public class CustomIdentityErrorDescriber : IdentityErrorDescriber
    {
        public override IdentityError DefaultError()
        {
            return new IdentityError
            {
                Code = nameof(DefaultError),
                Description = "خطایی رخ داده‌است."
            };
        }

services.AddScoped<IdentityErrorDescriber, CustomIdentityErrorDescriber>();

services.AddIdentity<User, Role>(identityOptions =>
            {
            }).AddUserStore<ApplicationUserStore>()
               // the rest of the setting …
              .AddErrorDescriber<CustomIdentityErrorDescriber>()
               // the rest of the setting …

    public class PasswordValidator<TUser> : IPasswordValidator<TUser> where TUser : class
    {
        public PasswordValidator(IdentityErrorDescriber errors = null)
        {
            Describer = errors ?? new IdentityErrorDescriber();
        }

    public class CustomPasswordValidator : PasswordValidator<User>
    {
        private readonly IUsedPasswordsService _usedPasswordsService;
        private readonly ISet<string> _passwordsBanList;

        public CustomPasswordValidator(
            IdentityErrorDescriber errors,// How to use CustomIdentityErrorDescriber
            IOptionsSnapshot<SiteSettings> configurationRoot,
            IUsedPasswordsService usedPasswordsService) : base(errors)



    public class CustomUserValidator : UserValidator<User>
    {
        private readonly ISet<string> _emailsBanList;

        public CustomUserValidator(
            IdentityErrorDescriber errors,// How to use CustomIdentityErrorDescriber
            IOptionsSnapshot<SiteSettings> configurationRoot
            ) : base(errors)

var product = {
    ProductId: 1001,
    ProductName: "Product 1001",
    Available: true,
    Filename: "Image02.png"
};

        var productCount = 100;
        var products = [];

        function datasourceFilling() {
            for (var i = 0; i < productCount; i++) {
                var product = {
                    ProductId: i,
                    ProductName: "Product " + i + " Name",
                    Available: i % 2 == 0 ? true: false,
                    Filename: i % 2 == 0 ? "Image01.png" : "Image02.png"
                };
                products.push(product);
            }
        }

        function makekendoGrid() {

            $("#grid").kendoGrid({
                dataSource: {
                    data: products,
                    schema: {
                        model:
                        {
                            //id: "ProductId",
                            fields:
                            {
                                ProductId: { editable: false, nullable: true },
                                ProductName: { validation: { required: true } },
                                Available: { type: "boolean" },
                                ImageName: { type: "string", editable: false },
                                Filename: { type: "string", validation: { required: true } }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    pageSize: 20
                },
                height: 550,
                scrollable: true,
                sortable: true,
                filterable: true,
                pageable: {
                    input: true,
                    numeric: false
                },
                editable: {
                    mode: "popup",
                },
                columns: [
                    { field: "ProductName", title: "Product Name" },
                    { field: "Available", width: "100px", template: '<input type="checkbox" #= Available ? checked="checked" : "" # disabled="disabled" ></input>' },
                    { field: "ImageName", width: "150px", template: "<img src='/img/#=Filename#' alt='#=Filename #' Title='#=Filename #' height='80' width='80'/>" },
                    { field: "Filename", width: "100px", editor: fileEditor },
                    { command: ["edit"], title: "&nbsp;", width: "200px" }
                ]
            });

            var grid = $('#grid').data('kendoGrid');
            grid.hideColumn(3);
        }

        function fileEditor(container, options) {

            $('<input type="file" name="file"/>')
                .appendTo(container)
                .kendoUpload({
                    multiple: false,
                    async: {
                        saveUrl: "@Url.Action("Save", "Home")",
                        removeUrl: "@Url.Action("Remove", "Home")",
                        autoUpload: true,
                    },
                    upload: function (e) {
                        alert("upload");
                        e.data = { Id: options.model.Id };
                    },
                    success: function (e) {
                        alert("success");
                        options.model.set("ImageName", e.response.ImageUrl);
                    },
                    error: function (e) {
                        alert("error");
                        alert("Failed to upload " + e.files.length + " files " + e.XMLHttpRequest.status + " " + e.XMLHttpRequest.responseText);
                    }
                });
        }

        [System.Web.Mvc.HttpPost]
        public virtual ActionResult Save(HttpPostedFileBase file)
        {
            var exName = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName);
            var totalFileName = System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString().ToLower().Replace("-", "") + exName;
            var physicalPath = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("/img"), totalFileName);
            file.SaveAs(physicalPath);
            return Json(new { ImageUrl = totalFileName }, "text/plain");
        }

        [System.Web.Mvc.HttpPost]
        public virtual ContentResult Remove(string fileName)
        {
            if (fileName != null)
            {
                var physicalPath = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("/img"), fileName);
                System.IO.File.Delete(physicalPath);
            }

            // Return an empty string to signify success
            return Content("");
        }

    public class Person
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [ForeignKey("BornInCityId")]
        public virtual City BornInCity { get; set; }
        public int BornInCityId { get; set; }
    }

    public class City
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<Person> People { get; set; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<City> Cities { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Person> People { get; set; }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            var city1 = new City { Name = "city-1" };
            var city2 = new City { Name = "city-2" };
            context.Cities.Add(city1);
            context.Cities.Add(city2);

            var person1 = new Person { Name = "user-1", BornInCity = city1 };
            var person2 = new Person { Name = "user-2", BornInCity = city1 };
            context.People.Add(person1);
            context.People.Add(person2);

            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());

            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                var peopleAndCitiesList = from person in context.People
                           join city in context.Cities
                           on person.BornInCityId equals city.Id
                           select new
                           {
                              PersonName = person.Name,
                              CityName = city.Name
                           };

                foreach (var item in peopleAndCitiesList)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", item.PersonName, item.CityName);
                }
            }
        }
    }

SELECT 
          [Extent1].[BornInCityId] AS [BornInCityId], 
          [Extent1].[Name] AS [Name], 
          [Extent2].[Name] AS [Name1]
FROM  [dbo].[People] AS [Extent1]
INNER JOIN [dbo].[Cities] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[BornInCityId] = [Extent2].[Id]

var peopleAndCitiesList = context.People
                                  .Select(person => new
                                                         {
                                                             PersonName = person.Name,
                                                             CityName = person.BornInCity.Name
                                                         });

var citiesList = context.Cities.OrderByDescending(x => x.People.Count());
foreach (var item in citiesList)
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", item.Name);
}

SELECT 
[Project1].[Id] AS [Id], 
[Project1].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[Id] AS [Id], 
        [Extent1].[Name] AS [Name], 
        (SELECT 
                COUNT(1) AS [A1]
                FROM [dbo].[People] AS [Extent2]
                WHERE [Extent1].[Id] = [Extent2].[BornInCityId]) AS [C1]
        FROM [dbo].[Cities] AS [Extent1]
)  AS [Project1]
ORDER BY [Project1].[C1] DESC

 var peopleAndCitiesList = context.Cities
                                     .Select(city => new
                                                 {
                                                     InUseCount = city.People.Count(),
                                                     CityName = city.Name
                                                 });

foreach (var item in peopleAndCitiesList)
{
     Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", item.CityName, item.InUseCount);
}

SELECT 
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id], 
(SELECT 
        COUNT(1) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[People] AS [Extent2]
        WHERE [Extent1].[Id] = [Extent2].[BornInCityId]) AS [C1], 
[Extent1].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM [dbo].[Cities] AS [Extent1]