public enum OSPlatform : string
{
    FreeBSD = "Free BSD",
    Linux,
    Windows
}

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication16.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [OutputCache(Duration = 60, VaryByParam = "none")]
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication16.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [OutputCache(Duration = 60, VaryByParam = "none")]
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewBag.ControllerTime = DateTime.Now;
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}

<h2>Index</h2>
<p>@ViewBag.ControllerTime</p>
<p>@DateTime.Now</p>

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication16.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        [OutputCache(Duration = 60, VaryByParam = "none")]
        public ActionResult Index(string parameter)
        {
            ViewBag.Msg = parameter ?? string.Empty;
            ViewBag.ControllerTime = DateTime.Now;
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}

<h2>@ViewBag.Msg</h2>

<p>@ViewBag.ControllerTime</p>
<p>@DateTime.Now</p>

@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.TextBox("parameter")
    <input type="submit" />
}

[OutputCache(Duration = 60, VaryByParam = "parameter")]
public ActionResult Index(string parameter)

[OutputCache(Location = OutputCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]  

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication16.Helper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Adds "Cache-Control: private, max-age=0" header,
    /// ensuring that the responses are not cached by the user's browser. 
    /// </summary>
    public class NoCachingAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.CacheControl = "private";
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Cache.SetMaxAge(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0));
        }
    }
}

<system.web>
    <caching>
      <outputCacheSettings>
        <outputCacheProfiles>
          <add name="Aggressive" location="ServerAndClient" duration="300"/>
          <add name="Mild" duration="100"  location="Server" />
        </outputCacheProfiles>
      </outputCacheSettings>
    </caching>

[OutputCache(CacheProfile = "Aggressive", VaryByParam = "parameter")]
public ActionResult Index(string parameter)

@{ Response.WriteSubstitution(ctx => DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString()); }

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Caching;

namespace MvcApplication16.Helper
{
    public static class CacheManager
    {
        public static void CacheInsert(this HttpContextBase httpContext, string key, object data, int durationMinutes)
        {
            if (data == null) return;
            httpContext.Cache.Add(
                key,
                data,
                null,
                DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(durationMinutes),
                TimeSpan.Zero,
                CacheItemPriority.AboveNormal,
                null);
        }

        public static T CacheRead<T>(this HttpContextBase httpContext, string key)
        {
            var data = httpContext.Cache[key];
            if (data != null)
                return (T)data;
            return default(T);
        }

        public static void InvalidateCache(this HttpContextBase httpContext, string key)
        {
            httpContext.Cache.Remove(key);
        }
    }
}

[Authorize]
[OutputCache(Duration = 60)]
public ActionResult Index()

interface IFoo
{
    void Bar();
}

abstract class Foo : IFoo
{
    public abstract void Bar();
}

using FluentNHibernate;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg.Db;
using NHSample1.Mappings;

namespace ConsoleTestApplication
{
  class CDb
  {
      public static void CreateDb(IPersistenceConfigurer dbType)
      {
          var cfg = Fluently.Configure().Database(dbType);

          PersistenceModel pm = new PersistenceModel();
          pm.AddMappingsFromAssembly(typeof(CustomerMapping).Assembly);
          var sessionSource = new SessionSource(
                              cfg.BuildConfiguration().Properties,
                              pm);

          var session = sessionSource.CreateSession();
          sessionSource.BuildSchema(session, true);
      }
  }
}

CDb.CreateDb(
               MsSqlConfiguration
                  .MsSql2008
                  .ConnectionString("Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=HelloNHibernate;Integrated Security = true")
                  .ShowSql());

using FluentNHibernate.Cfg;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg.Db;
using NHibernate;
using NHSample1.Mappings;

namespace ConsoleTestApplication
{
  class Config
  {
      public static ISessionFactory CreateSessionFactory(IPersistenceConfigurer dbType)
      {
          return
             Fluently.Configure().Database(dbType
              ).Mappings(m => m.FluentMappings.AddFromAssembly(typeof(CustomerMapping).Assembly))
               .BuildSessionFactory();
      }
  }
}

using System;
using NHibernate;
using NHSample1.Domain;

namespace ConsoleTestApplication
{
  class CDbOperations
  {
      ISessionFactory _factory;

      public CDbOperations(ISessionFactory factory)
      {
          _factory = factory;
      }

      public int AddNewCustomer()
      {
          using (ISession session = _factory.OpenSession())
          {
              using (ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
              {
                  Customer vahid = new Customer()
                  {
                      FirstName = "Vahid",
                      LastName = "Nasiri",
                      AddressLine1 = "Addr1",
                      AddressLine2 = "Addr2",
                      PostalCode = "1234",
                      City = "Tehran",
                      CountryCode = "IR"
                  };

                  Console.WriteLine("Saving a customer...");

                  session.Save(vahid);
                  session.Flush();//چندین عملیات با هم و بعد

                  transaction.Commit();

                  return vahid.Id;
              }
          }
      }

      public void DeleteCustomer(int id)
      {
          using (ISession session = _factory.OpenSession())
          {
              using (ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction())
              {
                  Customer customer = session.Load<Customer>(id);
                  Console.WriteLine("Id:{0}, Name: {1}", customer.Id, customer.FirstName);

                  Console.WriteLine("Deleting a customer...");
                  session.Delete(customer);

                  session.Flush();//چندین عملیات با هم و بعد

                  transaction.Commit();
              }
          }
      }
  }
}

using System;
using FluentNHibernate.Cfg.Db;
using NHibernate;
using NHSample1.Domain;

namespace ConsoleTestApplication
{
  class Program
  {
      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          //CDb.CreateDb(SQLiteConfiguration.Standard.ConnectionString("data source=sample.sqlite").ShowSql());          
          //return;

          //todo: Read ConnectionString from app.config or web.config
          using (ISessionFactory session = Config.CreateSessionFactory(
                MsSqlConfiguration
                   .MsSql2008
                   .ConnectionString("Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=HelloNHibernate;Integrated Security = true")
                   .ShowSql()
              ))
          {
              CDbOperations db = new CDbOperations(session);
              int id = db.AddNewCustomer();
              Console.WriteLine("Loading a customer and delete it...");
              db.DeleteCustomer(id);
          }

          Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
          Console.ReadKey();
      }
  }
}

Saving a customer...
NHibernate: select next_hi from hibernate_unique_key with (updlock, rowlock)
NHibernate: update hibernate_unique_key set next_hi = @p0 where next_hi = @p1;@p0 = 17, @p1 = 16
NHibernate: INSERT INTO [Customer] (FirstName, LastName, AddressLine1, AddressLine2, PostalCode, City, CountryCode, Id) VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2, @p3, @p4, @p5, @p6, @p7);@p0 = 'Vahid', @p1 = 'Nasiri', @p2 = 'Addr1', @p3 = 'Addr2', @p4 = '1234', @p5 = 'Tehran', @p6 = 'IR', @p7 = 16016
Loading a customer and delete it...
NHibernate: SELECT customer0_.Id as Id2_0_, customer0_.FirstName as FirstName2_0_, customer0_.LastName as LastName2_0_, customer0_.AddressLine1 as AddressL4_2_0_, customer0_.AddressLine2 as AddressL5_2_0_, customer0_.PostalCode as PostalCode2_0_, customer0_.City as City2_0_, customer0_.CountryCode as CountryC8_2_0_ FROM [Customer] customer0_ WHERE customer0_.Id=@p0;@p0 = 16016
Id:16016, Name: Vahid
Deleting a customer...
NHibernate: DELETE FROM [Customer] WHERE Id = @p0;@p0 = 16016
Press a key...

CDb.CreateDb(SQLiteConfiguration.Standard.ConnectionString("data source=sample.sqlite").ShowSql());

          //todo: Read ConnectionString from app.config or web.config
          using (ISessionFactory session = Config.CreateSessionFactory(
                     SQLiteConfiguration.Standard.ConnectionString("data source=sample.sqlite").ShowSql()
              ))
          {
 ...

public class ModelStateFeatureFilter : IAsyncActionFilter
{
    public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)
    {
        var state = context.ModelState;
        // store state ...
        await next();
    }
}

 protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            ObjectFactory.Initialize(x =>
            {
                x.For<ITABMPCREWService>().Use<TABMPCREWService>();
               // x.For<IUsersService>().Use<UsersService>();
            });
            ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new StructureMapControllerFactory());
           // initStructureMap();
        }

 public class StructureMapControllerFactory  : DefaultControllerFactory
    {
        protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
        {
            if (controllerType == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Page not found: {0}", requestContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.AbsoluteUri.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)));
            return ObjectFactory.GetInstance(controllerType) as Controller;
        }
    }

public class User
{
   public int ID { get; set; }
   public string Name { get; set; }
   public int Age { get; set; }
}

public class Login
{
   public int ID { get; set; }
   public DateTime Date { get; set; }
   public int UserID { get; set; }
   public User User { get; set; }
}

int usersCount = 1200;
Random rnd = new Random();
for(int i=0; i<usersCount; i++)
{
   Users.Add(new User()
     {
       Name = $"User {i + 1}",
       Age = rnd.Next(10, i + 10) / 10
     });
}

SaveChanges();

$"Users: {Users.Count()}".Dump();

var usersID = Users.Select(x => x.ID).ToArray();

int loginsCount  = 20000;

for(int i=0; i<loginsCount; i++)
{
    Logins.Add(new Login()
    {
        UserID = usersID[rnd.Next(0, usersID.Length - 1)],
        Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(rnd.Next(0, i))
    });

    if(i % 1000 == 0)
   {
      SaveChanges();
      $"Save {i + 1}".Dump();
   }
}

SaveChanges();
$"Logins: {Logins.Count()}".Dump();

var data =
(
   from u in Users
   join x in Logins on u.ID equals x.UserID into g
   from x in g.DefaultIfEmpty()
   select new
     {
        UserID = u.ID,
        Name = u.Name,
        Age = u.Age,
        Date = x.Date
     }
);

var result =
(
   from d in data
   group d by d.UserID into g
   select new
   {
       UserID = g.Key,
       Name = g.FirstOrDefault().Name,
       LoginsCount = g.Count(x => x.Date != null),
       LastLogin = g.Max(x => (DateTime?) x.Date) ?? null
   }
);

SELECT 
    [Project7].[ID] AS [ID], 
    [Project7].[C2] AS [C1], 
    [Project7].[C3] AS [C2], 
    [Project7].[C1] AS [C3]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Project6].[ID] AS [ID], 
        CASE WHEN ([Project6].[C3] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS datetime2) ELSE [Project6].[C4] END AS [C1], 
        [Project6].[C1] AS [C2], 
        [Project6].[C2] AS [C3]
        FROM ( SELECT 
            [Project5].[ID] AS [ID], 
            [Project5].[C1] AS [C1], 
            [Project5].[C2] AS [C2], 
            [Project5].[C3] AS [C3], 
            (SELECT 
                MAX( CAST( [Extent9].[Date] AS datetime2)) AS [A1]
                FROM  [dbo].[Users] AS [Extent8]
                LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent9] ON [Extent8].[ID] = [Extent9].[UserID]
                WHERE [Project5].[ID] = [Extent8].[ID]) AS [C4]
            FROM ( SELECT 
                [Project4].[ID] AS [ID], 
                [Project4].[C1] AS [C1], 
                [Project4].[C2] AS [C2], 
                (SELECT 
                    MAX( CAST( [Extent7].[Date] AS datetime2)) AS [A1]
                    FROM  [dbo].[Users] AS [Extent6]
                    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent7] ON [Extent6].[ID] = [Extent7].[UserID]
                    WHERE [Project4].[ID] = [Extent6].[ID]) AS [C3]
                FROM ( SELECT 
                    [Project3].[ID] AS [ID], 
                    [Project3].[C1] AS [C1], 
                    (SELECT 
                        COUNT(1) AS [A1]
                        FROM [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent5]
                        WHERE [Project3].[ID] = [Extent5].[UserID]) AS [C2]
                    FROM ( SELECT 
                        [Distinct1].[ID] AS [ID], 
                        (SELECT TOP (1) 
                            [Extent3].[Name] AS [Name]
                            FROM  [dbo].[Users] AS [Extent3]
                            LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent4] ON [Extent3].[ID] = [Extent4].[UserID]
                            WHERE [Distinct1].[ID] = [Extent3].[ID]) AS [C1]
                        FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT 
                            [Extent1].[ID] AS [ID]
                            FROM  [dbo].[Users] AS [Extent1]
                            LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[ID] = [Extent2].[UserID]
                        )  AS [Distinct1]
                    )  AS [Project3]
                )  AS [Project4]
            )  AS [Project5]
        )  AS [Project6]
    )  AS [Project7]
    ORDER BY [Project7].[C3] ASC, [Project7].[ID] ASC

var data =
(
  from x in Logins
  group x by x.UserID into g
  orderby g.Key descending
  select new
  {
    UserID = g.Key,
    LoginsCount = g.Count(),
    LastLogin = g.Max(d => d.Date)
  }
);

var result =
(
  from u in Users
  join d in data on u.ID equals d.UserID into g
  from d in g.DefaultIfEmpty()
  select new
  {
    UserID = u.ID,
    LoginsCount = d != null ? d.LoginsCount : 0,
    LastLogin = d != null ? (DateTime?)d.LastLogin : null
  }
);

SELECT 
    [Project1].[ID] AS [ID], 
    [Project1].[C1] AS [C1], 
    [Project1].[C2] AS [C2]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        [Extent1].[ID] AS [ID], 
        CASE WHEN ([GroupBy1].[K1] IS NOT NULL) THEN [GroupBy1].[A1] ELSE 0 END AS [C1], 
        CASE WHEN ([GroupBy1].[K1] IS NOT NULL) THEN  CAST( [GroupBy1].[A2] AS datetime2) END AS [C2]
        FROM  [dbo].[Users] AS [Extent1]
        LEFT OUTER JOIN  (SELECT 
            [Extent2].[UserID] AS [K1], 
            COUNT(1) AS [A1], 
            MAX([Extent2].[Date]) AS [A2]
            FROM [dbo].[Logins] AS [Extent2]
            GROUP BY [Extent2].[UserID] ) AS [GroupBy1] ON [Extent1].[ID] = [GroupBy1].[K1]
    )  AS [Project1]
    ORDER BY [Project1].[C1] ASC, [Project1].[ID] ASC