In this article we will take a look at 15 jQuery techniques which will be useful for your effective use of the library. We will start with a few tips about performance and continue with short introductions to some of the library’s more obscure features. 

In this article we are going to discuss how to insert, update and delete data into database using ASP.NET MVC 4.0. There is a Layout page and Data base script that we are going to use for this but we are not going to discuss much  how to create a Layout page and database script here in detail. 

Account

A bank account allows us to send and receive money and has its unique number. Anytime we tell about an account in a bank, an account is always a bank account. In the other hand, an account in an information system is used to authorize a user. We have the term "account" meaning something absolutely different in two different domains. Domain has an impact on what we imagine when someone says a concrete term. So we have to learn and specify domain terms first.

Price

Let's speak about e-shop domain. What is a price? For us, as customers, it is how much we pay. A manager can think about price as an amount that his company pays to the supplier. For an accountant, a price is just a number. And e-shop programmer is now confused.

Language is crucial because customers and experts are telling their stories in their language. But it is also natural language, inaccurate, ambiguous, context-aware. And as we can see, language can be tricky even within one domain. 

A recreation of the collapsing logo effect seen on PracticalVR. The idea is to have an initial view that animates to a logo in the top left corner of the page.  Demo   Source

Logging is a big part of software development for many years now. One can argue that a logging mechanism is a must-have part of any application or library. I would agree with that statement. Logging has a crucial part to play in a scenario where you can’t use interactive debugging (that is, attaching a debugger like Visual Studio). It allows us to investigate errors after the problem already happened. In some cases, like Production Debugging, logs might be the only information you have. 

> dotnet new react

spa.UseReactDevelopmentServer(npmScript: "start");

spa.UseProxyToSpaDevelopmentServer("http://localhost:3000");

> create-react-app clientapp

> cd clientapp
> npm install --save bootstrap axios

 import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css";

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace DownloadFilesSample.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class ReportsController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet("[action]")]
        public IActionResult GetPdfReport()
        {
            return File(virtualPath: "~/app_data/sample.pdf",
                        contentType: "application/pdf",
                        fileDownloadName: "sample.pdf");
        }
    }
}

  const getResults = async () => {
      const { headers, data } = await axios.get(apiUrl, {
        responseType: "blob"
      });
  }

import axios from "axios";
import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";

export default function DisplayPdf() {
  const apiUrl = "https://localhost:5001/api/Reports/GetPdfReport";

  const [blobInfo, setBlobInfo] = useState({
    blobUrl: "",
    fileName: ""
  });

  useEffect(() => {
    getResults();
  }, []);

  const getResults = async () => {
    try {
      const { headers, data } = await axios.get(apiUrl, {
        responseType: "blob"
      });
      console.log("headers", headers);

      const pdfBlobUrl = window.URL.createObjectURL(data);
      console.log("pdfBlobUrl", pdfBlobUrl);

      const fileName = headers["content-disposition"]
        .split(";")
        .find(n => n.includes("filename="))
        .replace("filename=", "")
        .trim();
      console.log("filename", fileName);

      setBlobInfo({
        blobUrl: pdfBlobUrl,
        fileName: fileName
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.log(error);
    }
  };

ontent-disposition: "attachment; filename=sample.pdf; filename*=UTF-8''sample.pdf"

import axios from "axios";
import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";

export default function DisplayPdf() {

  // ...

  const { blobUrl } = blobInfo;

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Display PDF Files</h1>
      <button className="btn btn-info" onClick={handlePrintPdf}>
        Print PDF
      </button>
      <button className="btn btn-primary ml-2" onClick={handleShowPdfInNewTab}>
        Show PDF in a new tab
      </button>
      <button className="btn btn-success ml-2" onClick={handleDownloadPdf}>
        Download PDF
      </button>

      <section className="card mb-5 mt-3">
        <div className="card-header">
          <h4>using iframe</h4>
        </div>
        <div className="card-body">
          <iframe
            title="PDF Report"
            width="100%"
            height="600"
            src={blobUrl}
            type="application/pdf"
          ></iframe>
        </div>
      </section>

      <section className="card mb-5">
        <div className="card-header">
          <h4>using object</h4>
        </div>
        <div className="card-body">
          <object
            data={blobUrl}
            aria-label="PDF Report"
            type="application/pdf"
            width="100%"
            height="100%"
          ></object>
        </div>
      </section>

      <section className="card mb-5">
        <div className="card-header">
          <h4>using embed</h4>
        </div>
        <div className="card-body">
          <embed
            aria-label="PDF Report"
            src={blobUrl}
            type="application/pdf"
            width="100%"
            height="100%"
          ></embed>
        </div>
      </section>
    </>
  );
}

  const handlePrintPdf = () => {
    const { blobUrl } = blobInfo;
    if (!blobUrl) {
      throw new Error("pdfBlobUrl is null");
    }

    const iframe = document.createElement("iframe");
    iframe.style.display = "none";
    iframe.src = blobUrl;
    document.body.appendChild(iframe);
    if (iframe.contentWindow) {
      iframe.contentWindow.print();
    }
  };

const handleShowPdfInNewTab = () => {
    const { blobUrl } = blobInfo;
    if (!blobUrl) {
      throw new Error("pdfBlobUrl is null");
    }

    window.open(blobUrl);
  };

  const handleDownloadPdf = () => {
    const { blobUrl, fileName } = blobInfo;
    if (!blobUrl) {
      throw new Error("pdfBlobUrl is null");
    }

    const anchor = document.createElement("a");
    anchor.style.display = "none";
    anchor.href = blobUrl;
    anchor.download = fileName;
    document.body.appendChild(anchor);
    anchor.click();
  };

This is a guide that everyone can use to learn about the practice of front-end development. It broadly outlines and discusses the practice of front-end engineering: how to learn it and what tools are used when practicing it in 2019. 

public class Startup 
{ 
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { } 
  
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IAmACustomService customService) 
    { 
        // ....    
    }         
}

public class TestMiddleware 
{ 
    public TestMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IAmACustomService service) 
    { 
        // ... 
    } 
 
    public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context, IAmACustomService service) 
    { 
        // ... 
    }     
}

public static IWebHostBuilder CreateDefaultBuilder(string[] args) 
{ 
            var builder = new WebHostBuilder() 
//...
                .UseDefaultServiceProvider((context, options) => 
                { 
                    options.ValidateScopes = context.HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment(); 
                }) 
//...

public class HelloController : Controller 
{ 
    private readonly IAmACustomService _customService; 
 
    public HelloController(IAmACustomService customService) 
    { 
        _customService = customService; 
    } 
 
    public IActionResult Get() 
    { 
        // ... 
    } 
}

[HttpGet("[action]")]
public IActionResult Index([FromServices] IAmACustomService service)
{  
   // ...
}

public IActionResult Index(TestModel model)
{
  // ...
}

public class TestModel 
{        
    public string Name { get; set; } 
 
    [FromServices] 
    public IAmACustomService CustomService { get; set; } 
}

 @inject IAmACustomService CustomService

public class ApiExceptionFilter : ExceptionFilterAttribute  
{  
    private ILogger<ApiExceptionFilter> _logger;  
    private IHostingEnvironment _environment;  
    private IConfiguration _configuration;  
  
    public ApiExceptionFilter(IHostingEnvironment environment, IConfiguration configuration, ILogger<ApiExceptionFilter> logger)  
    {  
        _environment = environment;  
         _configuration = configuration;  
         _logger = logger;  
    }

[Route("api/[controller]")]  
[ApiController]  
[ServiceFilter(typeof(ApiExceptionFilter))]  
public class ValuesController : ControllerBase  
{

    public class User
    {
        public User()
        {
            UserRoles = new HashSet<UserRole>();
        }

        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Username { get; set; }

        public string Password { get; set; }

        public string DisplayName { get; set; }

        public bool IsActive { get; set; }

        public DateTimeOffset? LastLoggedIn { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// every time the user changes his Password,
        /// or an admin changes his Roles or stat/IsActive,
        /// create a new `SerialNumber` GUID and store it in the DB.
        /// </summary>
        public string SerialNumber { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
    }

    public class Role
    {
        public Role()
        {
            UserRoles = new HashSet<UserRole>();
        }

        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
    }

    public static class CustomRoles
    {
        public const string Admin = nameof(Admin);
        public const string User = nameof(User);
    }

    public class UserRole
    {
        public int UserId { get; set; }
        public int RoleId { get; set; }

        public virtual User User { get; set; }
        public virtual Role Role { get; set; }
    }

    public interface IUnitOfWork : IDisposable
    {
        DbSet<TEntity> Set<TEntity>() where TEntity : class;

        int SaveChanges(bool acceptAllChangesOnSuccess);
        int SaveChanges();
        Task<int> SaveChangesAsync(bool acceptAllChangesOnSuccess, CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken());
        Task<int> SaveChangesAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken());
    }

    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext, IUnitOfWork
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options) : base(options)
        { }

        public virtual DbSet<User> Users { set; get; }
        public virtual DbSet<Role> Roles { set; get; }
        public virtual DbSet<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
        {
            // it should be placed here, otherwise it will rewrite the following settings!
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);

            // Custom application mappings
            builder.Entity<User>(entity =>
            {
                entity.Property(e => e.Username).HasMaxLength(450).IsRequired();
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.Username).IsUnique();
                entity.Property(e => e.Password).IsRequired();
                entity.Property(e => e.SerialNumber).HasMaxLength(450);
            });

            builder.Entity<Role>(entity =>
            {
                entity.Property(e => e.Name).HasMaxLength(450).IsRequired();
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.Name).IsUnique();
            });

            builder.Entity<UserRole>(entity =>
            {
                entity.HasKey(e => new { e.UserId, e.RoleId });
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.UserId);
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.RoleId);
                entity.Property(e => e.UserId);
                entity.Property(e => e.RoleId);
                entity.HasOne(d => d.Role).WithMany(p => p.UserRoles).HasForeignKey(d => d.RoleId);
                entity.HasOne(d => d.User).WithMany(p => p.UserRoles).HasForeignKey(d => d.UserId);
            });
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Only used by EF Tooling
    /// </summary>
    public class ApplicationDbContextFactory : IDesignTimeDbContextFactory<ApplicationDbContext>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext CreateDbContext(string[] args)
        {
            var basePath = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            Console.WriteLine($"Using `{basePath}` as the BasePath");
            var configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                                    .SetBasePath(basePath)
                                    .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
                                    .Build();
            var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ApplicationDbContext>();
            var connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
            builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString);
            return new ApplicationDbContext(builder.Options);
        }
    }

{
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "DefaultConnection": "Data Source=(LocalDB)\\MSSQLLocalDB;Initial Catalog=ASPNETCore2CookieAuthenticationDB;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;"
  },
  "LoginCookieExpirationDays": 30
}

    public interface IUsersService
    {
        Task<string> GetSerialNumberAsync(int userId);
        Task<User> FindUserAsync(string username, string password);
        Task<User> FindUserAsync(int userId);
        Task UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(int userId);
    }

    public interface IRolesService
    {
        Task<List<Role>> FindUserRolesAsync(int userId);
        Task<bool> IsUserInRole(int userId, string roleName);
        Task<List<User>> FindUsersInRoleAsync(string roleName);
    }

    public interface IDbInitializerService
    {
        void Initialize();
        void SeedData();
    }

    public interface ICookieValidatorService
    {
        Task ValidateAsync(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context);
    }

    public class CookieValidatorService : ICookieValidatorService
    {
        private readonly IUsersService _usersService;
        public CookieValidatorService(IUsersService usersService)
        {
            _usersService = usersService;
            _usersService.CheckArgumentIsNull(nameof(usersService));
        }

        public async Task ValidateAsync(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context)
        {
            var userPrincipal = context.Principal;

            var claimsIdentity = context.Principal.Identity as ClaimsIdentity;
            if (claimsIdentity?.Claims == null || !claimsIdentity.Claims.Any())
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var serialNumberClaim = claimsIdentity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.SerialNumber);
            if (serialNumberClaim == null)
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var userIdString = claimsIdentity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.UserData).Value;
            if (!int.TryParse(userIdString, out int userId))
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var user = await _usersService.FindUserAsync(userId).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (user == null || user.SerialNumber != serialNumberClaim.Value || !user.IsActive)
            {
                // user has changed his/her password/roles/stat/IsActive
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
            }

            await _usersService.UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(userId).ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

        private Task handleUnauthorizedRequest(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context)
        {
            context.RejectPrincipal();
            return context.HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
        }
    }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddScoped<IUnitOfWork, ApplicationDbContext>();
            services.AddScoped<IUsersService, UsersService>();
            services.AddScoped<IRolesService, RolesService>();
            services.AddScoped<ISecurityService, SecurityService>();
            services.AddScoped<ICookieValidatorService, CookieValidatorService>();
            services.AddScoped<IDbInitializerService, DbInitializerService>();

            services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
            {
                options.UseSqlServer(
                    Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"),
                    serverDbContextOptionsBuilder =>
                        {
                            var minutes = (int)TimeSpan.FromMinutes(3).TotalSeconds;
                            serverDbContextOptionsBuilder.CommandTimeout(minutes);
                            serverDbContextOptionsBuilder.EnableRetryOnFailure();
                        });
            });

            // Only needed for custom roles.
            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
                    {
                        options.AddPolicy(CustomRoles.Admin, policy => policy.RequireRole(CustomRoles.Admin));
                        options.AddPolicy(CustomRoles.User, policy => policy.RequireRole(CustomRoles.User));
                    });

            // Needed for cookie auth.
            services
                .AddAuthentication(options =>
                {
                    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                    options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                })
                .AddCookie(options =>
                {
                    options.SlidingExpiration = false;
                    options.LoginPath = "/api/account/login";
                    options.LogoutPath = "/api/account/logout";
                    //options.AccessDeniedPath = new PathString("/Home/Forbidden/");
                    options.Cookie.Name = ".my.app1.cookie";
                    options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
                    options.Cookie.SecurePolicy = CookieSecurePolicy.SameAsRequest;
                    options.Cookie.SameSite = SameSiteMode.Lax;
                    options.Events = new CookieAuthenticationEvents
                    {
                        OnValidatePrincipal = context =>
                        {
                            var cookieValidatorService = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<ICookieValidatorService>();
                            return cookieValidatorService.ValidateAsync(context);
                        }
                    };
                });

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseAuthentication();

            var scopeFactory = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>();
            using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope())
            {
                var dbInitializer = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<IDbInitializerService>();
                dbInitializer.Initialize();
                dbInitializer.SeedData();
            }

        [AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Login([FromBody]  User loginUser)
        {
            if (loginUser == null)
            {
                return BadRequest("user is not set.");
            }

            var user = await _usersService.FindUserAsync(loginUser.Username, loginUser.Password).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (user == null || !user.IsActive)
            {
                await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
                return Unauthorized();
            }

            var loginCookieExpirationDays = _configuration.GetValue<int>("LoginCookieExpirationDays", defaultValue: 30);
            var cookieClaims = await createCookieClaimsAsync(user).ConfigureAwait(false);
            await HttpContext.SignInAsync(
                CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
                cookieClaims,
                new AuthenticationProperties
                {
                    IsPersistent = true, // "Remember Me"
                    IssuedUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
                    ExpiresUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddDays(loginCookieExpirationDays)
                });

            await _usersService.UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(user.Id).ConfigureAwait(false);

            return Ok();
        }

        private async Task<ClaimsPrincipal> createCookieClaimsAsync(User user)
        {
            var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, user.Id.ToString()));
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, user.Username));
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim("DisplayName", user.DisplayName));

            // to invalidate the cookie
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.SerialNumber, user.SerialNumber));

            // custom data
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.UserData, user.Id.ToString()));

            // add roles
            var roles = await _rolesService.FindUserRolesAsync(user.Id).ConfigureAwait(false);
            foreach (var role in roles)
            {
                identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, role.Name));
            }

            return new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
        }

[Route("api/[controller]")]
[Authorize(Policy = CustomRoles.Admin)]
public class MyProtectedAdminApiController : Controller

        [AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpGet("[action]"), HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<bool> Logout()
        {
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            return true;
        }