#= productDetails(data) #

<script>
function productDetails(product) {
    var action = '@Url.Action("ProductDetails", "Product")';

    var html = kendo.format("<a href='{0}/{1}'>Show Product Details</a>",
        action,
        product.ProductID
    );

    return html;
}
</script>

[HandleError]
public class HomeController : Controller
{
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        //throw exception for demo
        throw new Exception("This is unhandled exception");
            
        return View();
    }

    public ActionResult About()
    {
        return View();
    }

    public ActionResult Contact()
    {
        return View();
    }        
}

[AuthorizationFilterA(Order=2)]
[AuthorizationFilterB(Order=1)]
public ActionResult Index()
{          
    return View();
}

public enum FilterScope
{
    First = 0,
    Global = 10,
    Controller = 20,
    Action = 30,
    Last = 100,
}

// Called when an exception occurs
void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)

class CustomErrorHandler : FilterAttribute, IExceptionFilter
{
    public override void IExceptionFilter.OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
    {
        Log(filterContext.Exception);

        base.OnException(filterContext);
    }

    private void Log(Exception exception)
    {
        //log exception here..
    }
}

public class LogAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
        Log("OnActionExecuted", filterContext.RouteData); 
    }

    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        Log("OnActionExecuting", filterContext.RouteData);      
    }

    public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
        Log("OnResultExecuted", filterContext.RouteData);      
    }

    public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        Log("OnResultExecuting ", filterContext.RouteData);      
    }

    private void Log(string methodName, RouteData routeData)
    {
        var controllerName = routeData.Values["controller"];
        var actionName = routeData.Values["action"];
        var message = String.Format("{0}- controller:{1} action:{2}", methodName, 
                                                                    controllerName, 
                                                                    actionName);
        Debug.WriteLine(message);
    }
}

class CustomErrorHandler : HandleErrorAttribute
{
    public override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
    {
        Log(filterContext.Exception);

        base.OnException(filterContext);
    }

    private void Log(Exception exception)
    {
        //log exception here..
    }
}

[HandleError]
public class HomeController : Controller

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    [HandleError]
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace PWS.UI.Handler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for PhotoHandler
    /// </summary>
    public class PhotoHandler : IHttpHandler
    {

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
            context.Response.Write("Hello World");
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;

namespace PWS.UI.Handler
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for PhotoHandler
    /// </summary>
    public class PhotoHandler : IHttpHandler
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// بازیابی تصویر اصلی از بانک اطلاعاتی
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="photoId">کد تصویر</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] GetImageFromDatabase(int photoId)
        {
            using (var connection = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString"))
            {
                using (var command = new SqlCommand("Select Photo From tblPhotos Where Id = @PhotoId", connection))
                {
                    command.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@PhotoId", photoId));
                    connection.Open();
                    var result = command.ExecuteScalar();
                    return ((byte[])result);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// بازیابی فایل از دیسک
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="photoId">با فرض اینکه نام فایل این است</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] GetImageFromDisk(string photoId /* or somting */)
        {
                using (var sourceStream = new FileStream("Original File Path + id", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    return StreamToByteArray(sourceStream);
                }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Streams to byte array.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="inputStream">The input stream.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException"></exception>
        static byte[] StreamToByteArray(Stream inputStream)
        {
            if (!inputStream.CanRead)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException();
            }

            // This is optional
            if (inputStream.CanSeek)
            {
                inputStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            }

            var output = new byte[inputStream.Length];
            int bytesRead = inputStream.Read(output, 0, output.Length);
            Debug.Assert(bytesRead == output.Length, "Bytes read from stream matches stream length");
            return output;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Enables processing of HTTP Web requests by a custom HttpHandler that implements the <see cref="T:System.Web.IHttpHandler" /> interface.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context">An <see cref="T:System.Web.HttpContext" /> object that provides references to the intrinsic server objects (for example, Request, Response, Session, and Server) used to service HTTP requests.</param>
        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            // Set up the response settings
            context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
            context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Public);
            context.Response.BufferOutput = false;

            // مرحله اول
            int size = 0;
            switch (context.Request.QueryString["Size"])
            {
                case "S":
                    size = 100; //100px
                    break;
                case "M":
                    size = 198; //198px
                    break;
                case "L":
                    size = 500; //500px
                    break;
            }
            byte[] changedImage;
            var id = Convert.ToInt32(context.Request.QueryString["PhotoId"]);
            byte[] sourceImage = GetImageFromDatabase(id);
            // یا
            //byte[] sourceImage = GetImageFromDisk(id.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

            //مرحله 2
            if (size != 0)  //غیر از حالت واقعی تصویر
            {
                changedImage = Helpers.ResizeImageFile(sourceImage, size, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
            }
            else
            {
                changedImage = (byte[])sourceImage.Clone();
            }

            // مرحله 3
            if (changedImage == null) return;
            context.Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", changedImage.Length.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
            context.Response.BinaryWrite(changedImage);
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

PhotoHandler.ashx?PhotoId=10&Size=S

مانند

<img src='PhotoHandler.ashx?PhotoId=10&Size=S' alt='تصویر ازمایشی' />

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
                    Username = "User 1",
                    // ...

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
    // ...
                        new Claim("subscriptionlevel", "PayingUser"),
                        new Claim("country", "ir")
                    }
                },
                new TestUser
                {
                    Username = "User 2",
// ...

                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
    // ...
                        new Claim("subscriptionlevel", "FreeUser"),
                        new Claim("country", "be")
                    }
                }
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // identity-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new List<IdentityResource>
            {
   // ...     
                new IdentityResource(
                    name: "country",
                    displayName: "The country you're living in",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> { "country" }),
                new IdentityResource(
                    name: "subscriptionlevel",
                    displayName: "Your subscription level",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> { "subscriptionlevel" })
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientName = "Image Gallery",
// ...
                    AllowedScopes =
                    {
    // ...
                        "country",
                        "subscriptionlevel"
                    }
// ...
                }
             };
        }
    }

options.Scope.Add("subscriptionlevel");
options.Scope.Add("country");

options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "role", jsonKey: "role");
options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "subscriptionlevel", jsonKey: "subscriptionlevel");
options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "country", jsonKey: "country");

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
            {
                options.AddPolicy(
                   name: "CanOrderFrame",
                   configurePolicy: policyBuilder =>
                    {
                        policyBuilder.RequireAuthenticatedUser();
                        policyBuilder.RequireClaim(claimType: "country", requiredValues: "ir");
                        policyBuilder.RequireClaim(claimType: "subscriptionlevel", requiredValues: "PayingUser");
                    });
            });

@if(User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="AddImage">Add an image</a></li>
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization
@inject IAuthorizationService AuthorizationService

@if (User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="AddImage">Add an image</a></li>
}
@if ((await AuthorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, "CanOrderFrame")).Succeeded)
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        [Authorize(Policy = "CanOrderFrame")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> OrderFrame()
        {

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.Services
{
    public class MustOwnImageRequirement : IAuthorizationRequirement
    {
    }

    public class MustOwnImageHandler : AuthorizationHandler<MustOwnImageRequirement>
    {
        private readonly IImagesService _imagesService;
        private readonly ILogger<MustOwnImageHandler> _logger;

        public MustOwnImageHandler(
            IImagesService imagesService,
            ILogger<MustOwnImageHandler> logger)
        {
            _imagesService = imagesService;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        protected override async Task HandleRequirementAsync(
            AuthorizationHandlerContext context, MustOwnImageRequirement requirement)
        {
            var filterContext = context.Resource as AuthorizationFilterContext;
            if (filterContext == null)
            {
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var imageId = filterContext.RouteData.Values["id"].ToString();
            if (!Guid.TryParse(imageId, out Guid imageIdAsGuid))
            {
                _logger.LogError($"`{imageId}` is not a Guid.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var subClaim = context.User.Claims.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Type == "sub");
            if (subClaim == null)
            {
                _logger.LogError($"User.Claims don't have the `sub` claim.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            var ownerId = subClaim.Value;
            if (!await _imagesService.IsImageOwnerAsync(imageIdAsGuid, ownerId))
            {
                _logger.LogError($"`{ownerId}` is not the owner of `{imageIdAsGuid}` image.");
                context.Fail();
                return;
            }

            // all checks out
            context.Succeed(requirement);
        }
    }
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="2.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization" Version="2.1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Abstractions" Version="2.1.1.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

public class MustOwnImageRequirement : IAuthorizationRequirement
{
}

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthorization(authorizationOptions =>
            {
                authorizationOptions.AddPolicy(
                   name: "MustOwnImage",
                   configurePolicy: policyBuilder =>
                    {
                        policyBuilder.RequireAuthenticatedUser();
                        policyBuilder.AddRequirements(new MustOwnImageRequirement());
                    });
            });
            services.AddScoped<IAuthorizationHandler, MustOwnImageHandler>();

[Authorize(Policy ="MustOwnImage")]

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet("{id}", Name = "GetImage")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> GetImage(Guid id)
        {
        }

        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> DeleteImage(Guid id)
        {
        }

        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        [Authorize("MustOwnImage")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> UpdateImage(Guid id, [FromBody] ImageForUpdateModel imageForUpdate)
        {
        }
    }
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Razor">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <AddRazorSupportForMvc>true</AddRazorSupportForMvc>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <FrameworkReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

@using BlazorClassLibrary
@using BlazorClassLibrary.Shared

@namespace BlazorClassLibrary.Pages

<link rel="stylesheet" href="_content/BlazorClassLibrary/css/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" />
<link href="_content/BlazorClassLibrary/css/site.css" rel="stylesheet" />

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\BlazorClassLibrary\BlazorClassLibrary.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\BlazorClassLibrary\BlazorClassLibrary.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms" Version="6.0.101-preview.11.2349" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

namespace WinFormsApp;

partial class Form1
{
    private void InitializeComponent()
    {
      this.blazorWebView1 = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms.BlazorWebView();

      this.SuspendLayout();

      this.blazorWebView1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom) 
            | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left) 
            | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Right)));
      this.blazorWebView1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(13, 181);
      this.blazorWebView1.Name = "blazorWebView1";
      this.blazorWebView1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(775, 257);
      this.blazorWebView1.TabIndex = 20;
      this.Controls.Add(this.blazorWebView1);

      this.components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
      this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
      this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(800, 450);
      this.Text = "Form1";

      this.ResumeLayout(false);
    }

     private Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms.BlazorWebView blazorWebView1;
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Razor">

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms" Version="6.0.101-preview.11.2349" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\BlazorClassLibrary\BlazorClassLibrary.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
  
  <ItemGroup>
    <Content Update="wwwroot\**">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </Content>
  </ItemGroup>
  
</Project>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
    <title>Blazor WinForms app</title>
    <base href="/" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <link href="css/site.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="css/app.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="WinFormsApp.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>

<body>
    <div id="app"></div>

    <div id="blazor-error-ui">
        An unhandled error has occurred.
        <a href="">Reload</a>
        <a>🗙</a>
    </div>

    <script src="_framework/blazor.webview.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using BlazorServerApp.Data;
using BlazorClassLibrary;

namespace WinFormsApp;

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private readonly AppState _appState = new();

    public Form1()
    {
        var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
        serviceCollection.AddBlazorWebView();
        serviceCollection.AddSingleton<AppState>(_appState);
        serviceCollection.AddSingleton<WeatherForecastService>();

        InitializeComponent();

        blazorWebView1.HostPage = @"wwwroot\index.html";
        blazorWebView1.Services = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
        blazorWebView1.RootComponents.Add<App>("#app");

        //blazorWebView1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
    }
}

System.IO.FileNotFoundException: The system cannot find the file specified. (0x80070002)

serviceCollection.AddSingleton<AppState>(_appState);

 namespace BlazorServerApp.Data;

public class AppState
{
   public int Counter { get; set; }
}

builder.Services.AddSingleton<AppState>();

@inject BlazorServerApp.Data.AppState AppState

// ...


@code {

    private void IncrementCount()
    {
       // ...
       AppState.Counter++;
    }
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
   MessageBox.Show(
     owner: this,
     text: $"Current counter value is: {_appState.Counter}",
     caption: "Counter");
}

product  List Partial

 $(function () {
        $.ajax({
            //مشخص کردن  اکشنی که باید فراخوانی شود
            url: '/Home/Details',
            contentType: 'application/html; charset=utf-8',
            type: 'GET',
            //نوع نتیجه بازگشتی
            dataType: 'html'
           
        })
.success(function (result) {
    //زمانی که کدهای سمت سرور بدون خطا اجرا شده اند
    //این قسمت فراخوانی می‌شود و نتیجه اکشن درون متغیر 
    //result 
    //قرار می‌گیرد
    $('#sectionContents').html(result);
})
.error(function (xhr, status) {
    alert(xhr.responseText);
});
    });