Action<object, EventArgs> handler1 = (object obj, EventArgs args) => ShowDialog();

Action<object, EventArgs> handler2 = (object _, EventArgs _) => ShowDialog();
// OR
Action<object, EventArgs> handler3 = (_, _) => ShowDialog();

button1.Click += (s, e) => ShowDialog();

 button1.Click += (_, _) => ShowDialog();

namespace CS9Features
{
    public class LambdasTests
    {
        public void Test()
        {
            string text = "{0} is a good user !";
            PrintItems(item => string.Format(text, item));
        }

        private void PrintItems(Func<string, string> formatFunc)
        {
            foreach (var item in new[] { "User 1", "User 2" })
            {
                Console.WriteLine(formatFunc(item));
            }
        }
    }
}

const string text = "{0} is a good user !";
PrintItems(static item => string.Format(text, item));

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\vXYZ\bin\MdbgCore.dll
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\vXYZ\bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools\MdbgCore.dll

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Samples.Debugging.MdbgEngine;

namespace CpuAnalyzer
{
   class Program
   {
       static void Main(string[] args)
       {
           var engine = new MDbgEngine();

           var processesByName = Process.GetProcessesByName("MyApp");
           if (processesByName.Length == 0)
               throw new InvalidOperationException("specified process not found.");
           var processId = processesByName[0].Id;

           var process = engine.Attach(processId);
           process.Go().WaitOne();

           foreach (MDbgThread thread in (IEnumerable)process.Threads)
           {
               foreach (MDbgFrame frame in thread.Frames)
               {
                   if (frame == null || frame.Function == null) continue;
                   Console.WriteLine(frame.Function.FullName);
               }
           }

           process.Detach().WaitOne();
       }
   }
}

[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool GetThreadTimes(IntPtr handle, out long creation, out long exit, out long kernel, out long user);

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
   foreach (MDbgThread thread in (IEnumerable)process.Threads)
   {
     //...
   }
   process.Go();
   Thread.Sleep(1000);
   process.AsyncStop().WaitOne();
}

• Managed Stack Explorer

• CLR Stack Explorer

• CPU-analyzer

$.ajax({
  cache: false /* گاهی از اوقات خصوصا برای آی ایی نیاز است */
});

<script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            // کدهای جی‌کوئری در اینجا 
        });
</script>

ReactDOM.render(<Counter />, document.getElementById("root"));

import Counters from "./components/counters";

ReactDOM.render(<Counters />, document.getElementById("root"));

import React, { Component } from "react";

import Counter from "./counter";

class Counters extends Component {
  state = {};

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <Counter />
        <Counter />
        <Counter />
        <Counter />
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default Counters;

import React, { Component } from "react";
import Counter from "./counter";

class Counters extends Component {
  state = {
    counters: [
      { id: 1, value: 0 },
      { id: 2, value: 0 },
      { id: 3, value: 0 },
      { id: 4, value: 0 }
    ]
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        {this.state.counters.map(counter => (
          <Counter key={counter.id} />
        ))}
      </div>
    );
  }
}

export default Counters;

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        {this.state.counters.map(counter => (
          <Counter key={counter.id} value={counter.value} selected={true} />
        ))}
      </div>
    );

class Counter extends Component {
  state = {
    count: 0
  };

  render() {
    console.log("props", this.props);
    //...

class Counter extends Component {
  state = {
    count: this.props.value
  };

  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        {this.state.counters.map(counter => (
          <Counter key={counter.id} value={counter.value} selected={true}>
            <h4>‍Counter #{counter.id}</h4>
          </Counter>
        ))}
      </div>
    );
  }

class Counter extends Component {
  state = {
    count: this.props.value
  };

  handleDelete = () => {
    console.log("handleDelete called.");
  };

<Counter
     key={counter.id}
     value={counter.value}
     selected={true}
     onDelete={this.handleDelete}
/>

<button
  onClick={this.props.onDelete}
  className="btn btn-danger btn-sm m-2"
>
  Delete
</button>

onClick={() => this.props.onDelete(this.props.id)}

<Counter
  key={counter.id}
  value={counter.value}
  selected={true}
  onDelete={this.handleDelete}
  id={counter.id}
/>

  handleDelete = counterId => {
    console.log("handleDelete called.", counterId);
    const counters = this.state.counters.filter(
      counter => counter.id !== counterId
    );
    this.setState({ counters }); // = this.setState({ counters: counters });
  };

<Counter
  key={counter.id}
  counter={counter}
  onDelete={this.handleDelete}
/>

<form #f="ngForm" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit(f.form)">
    <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            <h3 class="panel-title">
                Add Product
            </h3>
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body form-horizontal">
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="productName" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Name</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <input ngControl="productName" id="productName" required
                           #productName="ngForm"
                           (change)="log(productName)"
                           minlength="3"
                           type="text" class="form-control"
                           [(ngModel)]="productModel.productName"/>
                    <div *ngIf="productName.touched && productName.errors">
                        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="productName.errors.required">
                            Name is required.
                        </label>
                        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="productName.errors.minlength">
                            Name should be minimum {{ productName.errors.minlength.requiredLength }} characters.
                        </label>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="productCode" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Code</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <input ngControl="productCode" id="productCode" required
                           #productCode="ngForm"
                           type="text" class="form-control"
                           [(ngModel)]="productModel.productCode"/>
                    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="productCode.touched && !productCode.valid">
                        Code is required.
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="releaseDate" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Release Date</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <input ngControl="releaseDate" id="releaseDate" required
                           #releaseDate="ngForm"
                           type="text" class="form-control"
                           [(ngModel)]="productModel.releaseDate"/>
                    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="releaseDate.touched && !releaseDate.valid">
                        Release Date is required.
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="price" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Price</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <input ngControl="price" id="price" required
                           #price="ngForm"
                           type="text" class="form-control"
                           [(ngModel)]="productModel.price"/>
                    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="price.touched && !price.valid">
                        Price is required.
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="description" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Description</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <textarea ngControl="description" id="description" required
                              #description="ngForm"
                              rows="10" type="text" class="form-control"
                              [(ngModel)]="productModel.description"></textarea>
                    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="description.touched && !description.valid">
                        Description is required.
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="imageUrl" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Image</label>
                <div class="controls col col-md-10">
                    <input ngControl="imageUrl" id="imageUrl" required
                           #imageUrl="ngForm"
                           type="text" class="form-control"
                           [(ngModel)]="productModel.imageUrl"/>
                    <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="imageUrl.touched && !imageUrl.valid">
                        Image is required.
                    </label>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <footer class="panel-footer">
            <button [disabled]="!f.valid"
                    type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
                Submit
            </button>
        </footer>
    </div>
</form>

import { Component } from 'angular2/core';
import { Router } from 'angular2/router';
import { IProduct } from './product';
import { ProductService } from './product.service';
 
@Component({
    //selector: 'product-form',
    templateUrl: 'app/products/product-form.component.html'
})
export class ProductFormComponent {
 
    productModel = <IProduct>{}; // creates an empty object of an interface
 
    constructor(private _productService: ProductService, private _router: Router) { }
 
    log(productName): void {
        console.log(productName);
    }
 
    onSubmit(form): void {
        console.log(form);
        console.log(this.productModel);
 
        this._productService.addProduct(this.productModel)
            .subscribe((product: IProduct) => {
                console.log(`ID: ${product.productId}`);
                this._router.navigate(['Products']);
            });
    }
}

<div class="form-group">
    <label for="description" class="col col-md-2 control-label">Description</label>
    <div class="controls col col-md-10">
        <textarea ngControl="description" id="description" required
                  #description="ngForm"
                  rows="10" type="text" class="form-control"
                  [(ngModel)]="productModel.description"></textarea>
        <label class="text-danger" *ngIf="description.touched && !description.valid">
            Description is required.
        </label>
    </div>
</div>

<input ngControl="productName" id="productName" required
       #productName="ngForm"
       (change)="log(productName)"
       minlength="3"
       type="text" class="form-control"
       [(ngModel)]="productModel.productName"/>

<textarea ngControl="description" id="description" required
          #description="ngForm"
          rows="10" type="text" class="form-control"></textarea>
<div class="alert alert-danger" *ngIf="description.touched && !description.valid">
    Description is required.
</div>

.ng-touched.ng-invalid{
    border: 1px solid red;
}

<div class="alert alert-danger" *ngIf="productName.touched && !productName.valid">
   Name is required.
</div>

<div *ngIf="productName.touched && productName.errors">
    <div class="alert alert-danger" *ngIf="productName.errors.required">
        Name is required.
    </div>
    <div class="alert alert-danger" *ngIf="productName.errors.minlength">
        Name should be minimum 3 characters.
    </div>
</div>

 <div *ngIf="productName.touched && productName.errors">
  {{ productName.errors | json }}

 Name should be minimum {{ productName.errors.minlength.requiredLength }} characters.

 <form #f="ngForm" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit(f.form)">

onSubmit(form): void {
   console.log(form);
}

<button [disabled]="!f.valid"
        type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
    Submit
</button>

//same as before...
import { ProductFormComponent }  from './products/product-form.component';
 
@Component({
    //same as before…
    template: `
                //same as before…
                    <li><a [routerLink]="['AddProduct']">Add Product</a></li>
               //same as before…
    `,
    //same as before…
})
@RouteConfig([
    //same as before…
    { path: '/addproduct', name: 'AddProduct', component: ProductFormComponent }
])
//same as before...

 productModel = <IProduct>{}; // creates an empty object of an interface

<textarea ngControl="description" id="description" required
          #description="ngForm"
          rows="10" type="text" class="form-control"
          [(ngModel)]="productModel.description"></textarea>

addProduct(product: IProduct): Observable<IProduct> {
    let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }); // for ASP.NET MVC
        let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers });
 
    return this._http.post(this._addProductUrl, JSON.stringify(product), options)
        .map((response: Response) => <IProduct>response.json())
        .do(data => console.log("Product: " + JSON.stringify(data)))
        .catch(this.handleError);
}

 [HttpPost]
public ActionResult AddProduct(Product product)
{

 import { Headers, RequestOptions } from 'angular2/http';

//Same as before…
import { IProduct } from './product';
import { ProductService } from './product.service';
 
@Component({
//Same as before…
})
export class ProductFormComponent {
 
    productModel = <IProduct>{}; // creates an empty object of an interface
 
    constructor(private _productService: ProductService, private _router: Router) { }
 
    //Same as before… 

    onSubmit(form): void {
        console.log(form);
        console.log(this.productModel);
 
        this._productService.addProduct(this.productModel)
            .subscribe((product: IProduct) => {
                console.log(`ID: ${product.productId}`);
                this._router.navigate(['Products']);
            });
    }
}

<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pushpin"></span>

    /// <summary>
    /// حساب بانکی
    /// </summary>
    public class Account
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// مشتری
        /// </summary>
        public string Customer { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// موجودی حساب
        /// </summary>
        public float Balance { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// وضعیت
        /// </summary>
        public bool Active { get; set; }

        public Account(string customer, float balance)
        {
            Customer = customer;
            Balance = balance;
            Active = true;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// افزایش موجودی / واریز به حساب
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="amount">مبلغ واریز</param>
        public void Credit(float amount)
        {
            if (!Active)
                throw new Exception("این حساب مسدود است.");
            if (amount < 0)
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("amount");
            Balance += amount;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// کاهش موجودی / برداشت از حساب
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="amount">مبلغ برداشت</param>
        public void Debit(float amount)
        {
            if (!Active)
                throw new Exception("این حساب مسدود است.");
            if (amount < 0)
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("amount");
            if (Balance < amount)
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("amount");
            Balance -= amount;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// انسداد / رفع انسداد
        /// </summary>
        public void ChangeStateAccount()
        {
            Active = !Active;
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var account = new Account("Ali",1000);

            account.Credit(4000);
            account.Debit(2000);
            Console.WriteLine("Current balance is ${0}", account.Balance);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

    [TestClass]
    public class UnitTest
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// تعریف حساب جدید و بررسی تمامی فرآیند‌های معمول روی حساب
        /// </summary>
        [TestMethod]
        public void Create_New_Account_And_Check_The_Process()
        {
            //Arrange
            var account = new Account("Hassan", 4000);
            var account2 = new Account("Ali", 10000);
            //Act
            account.Credit(5000);
            account2.Debit(3000);
            account.ChangeStateAccount();
            account2.Active = false;
            account2.ChangeStateAccount();
            //Assert
            Assert.AreEqual(account.Balance,9000);
            Assert.AreEqual(account2.Balance,7000);
            Assert.IsTrue(account2.Active);
            Assert.AreEqual(account.Active,false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// زمانی که کاربر بخواهد به یک حساب مسدود واریز کند باید جلوی آن گرفته شود.
        /// </summary>
        [TestMethod]
        [ExpectedException(typeof (Exception))]
        public void When_Deactive_Account_Wants_To_add_Credit_Should_Throw_Exception()
        {
            //Arrange
            var account = new Account("Hassan", 4000) {Active = false};
            //Act
            account.Credit(4000);
            //Assert
            //Assert is handled with ExpectedException
        }

        [TestMethod]
        [ExpectedException(typeof (ArgumentOutOfRangeException))]
        public void When_Customer_Wants_To_Debit_More_Than_Balance_Should_Throw_ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
        {
            //Arrange
            var account = new Account("Hassan", 4000);
            //Act
            account.Debit(5000);
            //Assert
            //Assert is handled with ArgumentOutOfRangeException
        }

  public class OrganizationalService : ICommandHandler<CreateUnitTypeCommand>,
                                         ICommandHandler<DeleteUnitTypeCommand>,                                    
    {
        private readonly IUnitOfWork _unitOfWork;
        private readonly IUnitTypeRepository _unitTypeRepository;
        private readonly IOrganizationUnitRepository _organizationUnitRepository;
        private readonly IOrganizationUnitDomainService _organizationUnitDomainService;

        public OrganizationalService(IUnitOfWork unitOfWork, IUnitTypeRepository unitTypeRepository, IOrganizationUnitRepository organizationUnitRepository, IOrganizationUnitDomainService organizationUnitDomainService)
        {
            _unitOfWork = unitOfWork;
            _unitTypeRepository = unitTypeRepository;
            _organizationUnitRepository = organizationUnitRepository;
            _organizationUnitDomainService = organizationUnitDomainService;
        }

    [TestClass]
    public class OrganizationServiceTest
    {
        private static OrganizationalService _organizationalService;
        private static Mock<IUnitTypeRepository> _mockUnitTypeRepository;
        private static Mock<IUnitOfWork> _mockUnitOfWork;
        private static Mock<IOrganizationUnitRepository> _mockOrganizationUnitRepository;
        private static Mock<IOrganizationUnitDomainService> _mockOrganizationUnitDomainService;

        [ClassInitialize]
        public static void ClassInit(TestContext context)
        {
            TestBootstrapper.ConfigureDependencies();
            _mockUnitOfWork = new Mock<IUnitOfWork>();
            _mockUnitTypeRepository = new Mock<IUnitTypeRepository>();
            _mockOrganizationUnitRepository = new Mock<IOrganizationUnitRepository>();
            _mockOrganizationUnitDomainService=new Mock<IOrganizationUnitDomainService>();
            _organizationalService = new OrganizationalService(_mockUnitOfWork.Object, _mockUnitTypeRepository.Object,  _mockOrganizationUnitRepository.Object,_mockOrganizationUnitDomainService.Object);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// یک نوع واحد سازمانی را حذف مینماید
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        public void Handle(DeleteUnitTypeCommand command)
        {
            var unitType = _unitTypeRepository.FindBy(command.UnitTypeId);
            if (unitType == null)
                throw new DeleteEntityNotFoundException();

            ICanDeleteUnitTypeSpecification canDeleteUnitType = new CanDeleteUnitTypeSpecification(_organizationUnitRepository);
            if (canDeleteUnitType.IsSatisfiedBy(unitType))
                throw new UnitTypeIsUnderUsingException(unitType.Title);
            _unitTypeRepository.Remove(unitType);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// کامند حذف نوع واحد سازمانی باید به درستی حذف کند.
        /// </summary>
        [TestMethod]
        public void DeleteUnitTypeCommand_Should_Delete_UnitType()
        {
            //Arrange
            var unitTypeId=new Guid();
            var deleteUnitTypeCommand = new DeleteUnitTypeCommand { UnitTypeId = unitTypeId };
            var unitType = new UnitType("خوشه");
            var org = new List<OrganizationUnit>();
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(d => d.FindBy(deleteUnitTypeCommand.UnitTypeId)).Returns(unitType);
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(x => x.Remove(unitType));
            _mockOrganizationUnitRepository.Setup(z => z.FindBy(unitType)).Returns(org);
            try
            {
                //Act
                _organizationalService.Handle(deleteUnitTypeCommand);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //Assert
                Assert.Fail(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// کامند حذف یک نوع واحد سازمانی باید پیش از حذف بررسی کند که این شناسه داده شده برای حذف موجود باشد.
        /// </summary>
        [TestMethod]
        [ExpectedException(typeof(DeleteEntityNotFoundException))]
        public void DeleteUnitTypeCommand_ShouldNot_Delete_When_UnitTypeId_NotExist()
        {
            //Arrange
            var unitTypeId = new Guid();
            var deleteUnitTypeCommand = new DeleteUnitTypeCommand();
            var unitType = new UnitType("خوشه");
            var org = new List<OrganizationUnit>();
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(d => d.FindBy(unitTypeId)).Returns(unitType);
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(x => x.Remove(unitType));
            _mockOrganizationUnitRepository.Setup(z => z.FindBy(unitType)).Returns(org);

            //Act
            _organizationalService.Handle(deleteUnitTypeCommand);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// کامند حذف یک نوع واحد سازمانی نباید اجرا شود وقتی که نوع واحد برای تعریف واحد‌های سازمان استفاده شده است.
        /// </summary>
        [TestMethod]
        [ExpectedException(typeof(UnitTypeIsUnderUsingException))]
        public void DeleteUnitTypeCommand_ShouldNot_Delete_When_UnitType_Exist_but_UsedForDefineOrganizationUnit()
        {
            //Arrange
            var unitTypeId = new Guid();
            var deleteUnitTypeCommand = new DeleteUnitTypeCommand { UnitTypeId = unitTypeId };
            var unitType = new UnitType("خوشه");
            var org = new List<OrganizationUnit>()
            {
                new OrganizationUnit("مدیریت یک", unitType, null),
                new OrganizationUnit("مدیریت دو", unitType, null)
            };
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(d => d.FindBy(deleteUnitTypeCommand.UnitTypeId)).Returns(unitType);
            _mockUnitTypeRepository.Setup(x => x.Remove(unitType));
            _mockOrganizationUnitRepository.Setup(z => z.FindBy(unitType)).Returns(org);

            //Act
            _organizationalService.Handle(deleteUnitTypeCommand);
        }