[DataContract]
    public class Employee
    {
        [DataMember]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public Employee Manager { get; set; }
    }

[DataContract]
    public class Department
    {
        [DataMember]
        public string DeptName { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        public List<Employee> Staff { get; set; }
    }

  [ServiceContract]
    public interface IDepartmentService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        Department GetOneDepartment();
    }

public class DepartmentService : IDepartmentService
    {
        public Department GetOneDepartment()
        {
            List<Employee> listOfEmployees = new List<Employee>();

              var masoud = new Employee() { Name = "Masoud" };
              var saeed = new Employee() { Name = "Saeed", Manager = masoud };
              var peyman = new Employee() { Name = "Peyman", Manager = saeed };
              var mostafa = new Employee() { Name = "Mostafa", Manager = saeed };

              return new Department() { DeptName = "IT", Staff = new List<Employee>() { masoud, saeed, peyman, mostafa } };
        }
    }

 class Program
    {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            DepartmentServiceClient client = new DepartmentServiceClient();

            var result = client.GetOneDepartment();
            WriteDataToFile( result );

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static void WriteDataToFile( Department data )
        {
            DataContractSerializer dcs = new DataContractSerializer( typeof( Department ) );
            var ms = new MemoryStream();
            dcs.WriteObject( ms, data );
            ms.Seek( 0, SeekOrigin.Begin );
            var sr = new StreamReader( ms );
            var xml = sr.ReadToEnd();
            string filePath = @"d:\\data.xml";
            if ( !File.Exists( filePath ) )
            {
                File.Create( filePath );
            }         
                using ( TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter( filePath ) )
                {
                    writer.Write( xml );
                }                      
        }

<Department xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Service" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <Name>IT</Name>
  <Staff>
    <Employee>
      <Manager i:nil="true"/>
      <Name>Masoud</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee>
      <Manager>
        <Manager i:nil="true"/>
        <Name>Masoud</Name>
      </Manager>
      <Name>Saeed</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee>
      <Manager>
        <Manager>
          <Manager i:nil="true"/>
          <Name>Masoud</Name>
        </Manager>
        <Name>Saeed</Name>
      </Manager>
      <Name>Peyman</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee>
      <Manager>
        <Manager>
          <Manager i:nil="true"/>
          <Name>Masoud</Name>
        </Manager>
        <Name>Saeed</Name>
      </Manager>
      <Name>Mostafa</Name>
    </Employee>
  </Staff>
</Department>

<Department xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Service" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <Name>IT</Name>
  <Staff>
    <Employee z:Id="i1" xmlns:z="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      <Manager i:nil="true"/>
      <Name>Masoud</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee z:Id="i2" xmlns:z="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      <Manager z:Ref="i1"/>
      <Name>Saeed</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee z:Id="i3" xmlns:z="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      <Manager z:Ref="i2"/>
      <Name>Peyman</Name>
    </Employee>
    <Employee z:Id="i4" xmlns:z="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
      <Manager z:Ref="i2"/>
      <Name>Mostafa</Name>
    </Employee>
  </Staff>
</Department>

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.Models
{
    public class BlogPost
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public string Body { set; get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// اطلاعات رای گیری یک مطلب به صورت یک خاصیت تو در تو یا پیچیده
        /// </summary>
        public Rating Rating { set; get; }

        public BlogPost()
        {
            Rating = new Rating();
        }
    }
}

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.Models
{
    //[ComplexType]
    public class Rating
    {
        public double? TotalRating { get; set; }
        public int? TotalRaters { get; set; }
        public double? AverageRating { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using jQueryMvcSample03.Models;

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.DataSource
{
    /// <summary>
    /// منبع داده فرضی
    /// </summary>
    public static class BlogPostDataSource
    {
        private static IList<BlogPost> _cachedItems;
        /// <summary>
        /// با توجه به استاتیک بودن سازنده کلاس، تهیه کش، پیش از سایر فراخوانی‌ها صورت خواهد گرفت
        /// باید دقت داشت که این فقط یک مثال است و چنین کشی به معنای
        /// تهیه یک لیست برای تمام کاربران سایت است
        /// </summary>
        static BlogPostDataSource()
        {
            _cachedItems = createBlogPostsInMemoryDataSource();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// هدف صرفا تهیه یک منبع داده آزمایشی ساده تشکیل شده در حافظه است
        /// </summary>        
        private static IList<BlogPost> createBlogPostsInMemoryDataSource()
        {
            var results = new List<BlogPost>();
            for (int i = 1; i < 30; i++)
            {
                results.Add(new BlogPost { Id = i, Title = "عنوان " + i, Body = "متن ... متن ... متن " + i, Rating = new Rating { TotalRaters = i + 1, AverageRating = 3.5 } });
            }
            return results;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// پارامترهای شماره صفحه و تعداد رکورد به ازای یک صفحه برای صفحه بندی نیاز هستند
        /// شماره صفحه از یک شروع می‌شود
        /// </summary>
        public static IList<BlogPost> GetLatestBlogPosts(int pageNumber, int recordsPerPage = 4)
        {
            var skipRecords = pageNumber * recordsPerPage;
            return _cachedItems
                        .OrderByDescending(x => x.Id)
                        .Skip(skipRecords)
                        .Take(recordsPerPage)
                        .ToList();
        }
    }
}

/* star rating system */
.post_rating
{
direction: ltr;
}
.rating
{
text-indent: -99999px;
overflow: hidden;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
display: inline-block;
width: 8px;
height: 16px;
}
.rating.stars
{
background-image: url('Images/star_rating.png');
}
.rating.stars.active
{
cursor: pointer;
}
.star-left_off
{
background-position: -0px -0px;
}
.star-left_on
{
background-position: -16px -0px;
}
.star-right_off
{
background-position: -8px -0px;
}
.star-right_on
{
background-position: -24px -0px;
}

// <![CDATA[
(function ($) {
    $.fn.StarRating = function (options) {
        var defaults = {            
            ratingStarsSpan: '.rating.stars',
            postInfoUrl: '/',
            loginUrl: '/login',
            errorHandler: null,
            completeHandler: null,
            onlyOneTimeHandler: null
        };
        var options = $.extend(defaults, options);

        return this.each(function () {
            var ratingStars = $(this);

            $(ratingStars).unbind('mouseover');
            $(ratingStars).mouseover(function () {
                var span = $(this).parent("span");
                var newRating = $(this).attr("value");
                setRating(span, newRating);
            });

            $(ratingStars).unbind('mouseout');
            $(ratingStars).mouseout(function () {
                var span = $(this).parent("span");
                var rating = span.attr("rating");
                setRating(span, rating);
            });

            $(ratingStars).unbind('click');
            $(ratingStars).click(function () {
                var span = $(this).parent("span");
                var newRating = $(this).attr("value");
                var text = span.children("span");
                var pID = span.attr("post");
                var type = span.attr("sectiontype");
                postData({ postID: pID, rating: newRating, sectionType: type });
                span.attr("rating", newRating);
                setRating(span, newRating);
            });

            function setRating(span, rating) {
                span.find(options.ratingStarsSpan).each(function () {
                    var value = parseFloat($(this).attr("value"));
                    var imgSrc = $(this).attr("class");
                    if (value <= rating)
                        $(this).attr("class", imgSrc.replace("_off", "_on"));
                    else
                        $(this).attr("class", imgSrc.replace("_on", "_off"));
                });
            }

            function postData(dataJsonArray) {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    url: options.postInfoUrl,
                    data: JSON.stringify(dataJsonArray),
                    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                    dataType: "json",
                    complete: function (xhr, status) {
                        var data = xhr.responseText;
                        if (xhr.status == 403) {
                            window.location = options.loginUrl;
                        }
                        else if (status === 'error' || !data) {
                            if (options.errorHandler)
                                options.errorHandler(this);
                        }
                        else if (data == "nok") {
                            if (options.onlyOneTimeHandler)
                                options.onlyOneTimeHandler(this);
                        }
                        else {
                            if (options.completeHandler)
                                options.completeHandler(this);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    };
})(jQuery);
// ]]>

 { postID: pID, rating: newRating, sectionType: type }

<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>    
    <link href="@Url.Content("Content/starRating.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <link href="@Url.Content("Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.StarRating.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
    @RenderSection("JavaScript", required: false)
</head>

@using System.Globalization
@helper AddStarRating(int postId,
                      double? average = 0, int? postRatingsCount = 0, string type = "BlogPost",
                      string tooltip = "لطفا جهت رای دادن کلیک نمائید")
    {
        string actIt = "active ";
        if (!average.HasValue) { average = 0; }
        if (!postRatingsCount.HasValue) { postRatingsCount = 0; }
    
    <span class='postRating' rating='@average' post='@postId' title='@tooltip' sectiontype='@type'>
        @for (double i = .5; i <= 5.0; i = i + .5)
        {
            string left;
            if (i <= average)
            {
                left = (i * 2) % 2 == 1 ? "left_on" : "right_on";
            }
            else
            {
                left = (i * 2) % 2 == 1 ? "left_off" : "right_off";
            }
            <span class='rating stars @(actIt)star-@left' value='@i'></span>
        }
        &nbsp;
        @if (postRatingsCount > 0)
        {
            var ratingInfo = string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "امتیاز {0:0.00} از 5 توسط {1} نفر", average, postRatingsCount);
            <span>@ratingInfo</span>                
        }
        else
        {
            <span></span>
        }
    </span>
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.UI;
using jQueryMvcSample03.DataSource;
using jQueryMvcSample03.Security;

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var postsList = BlogPostDataSource.GetLatestBlogPosts(pageNumber: 0);
            return View(postsList); //نمایش صفحه اصلی
        }


        [HttpPost]
        [AjaxOnly]
        [OutputCache(Location = OutputCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]
        public ActionResult SaveRatings(int? postId, double? rating, string sectionType)
        {
            if (postId == null || rating == null || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(sectionType))
                return Content(null); //اعلام بروز خطا

            if (!this.HttpContext.CanUserVoteBasedOnCookies(postId.Value, sectionType))
                return Content("nok"); //اعلام فقط یکبار مجاز هستید رای دهید

            switch (sectionType) //قسمت‌های مختلف سایت که در جداول مختلفی قرار دارند نیز می‌توانند گزینه امتیاز دهی داشته باشند
            {
                case "BlogPost":
                    //الان شماره مطلب و رای ارسالی را داریم که می‌توان نسبت به ذخیره آن اقدام کرد
                    //مثلا
                    //_blogPostsService.SaveRating(postId.Value, rating.Value);
                    break;

                //... سایر قسمت‌های دیگر سایت

                default:
                    return Content(null); //اعلام بروز خطا
            }

            return Content("ok"); //اعلام موفقیت آمیز بودن ثبت اطلاعات
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Post(int? id)
        {
            if (id == null)
                return Redirect("/");

            //todo: show the content here
            return Content("Post " + id.Value);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Web;

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.Security
{
    public static class CookieHelper
    {
        public static bool CanUserVoteBasedOnCookies(this HttpContextBase httpContext, int postId, string sectionType)
        {
            string key = sectionType + "-" + postId;
            var value = httpContext.GetCookieValue(key);
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            {
                httpContext.AddCookie(key, key);
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        public static void AddCookie(this HttpContextBase httpContextBase, string cookieName, string value)
        {
            httpContextBase.AddCookie(cookieName, value, DateTime.Now.AddDays(30));
        }

        public static void AddCookie(this HttpContextBase httpContextBase, string cookieName, string value, DateTime expires)
        {
            var cookie = new HttpCookie(cookieName)
            {
                Expires = expires,
                Value = httpContextBase.Server.UrlEncode(value) // For Cookies and Unicode characters
            };
            httpContextBase.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);
        }

        public static string GetCookieValue(this HttpContextBase httpContext, string cookieName)
        {
            var cookie = httpContext.Request.Cookies[cookieName];
            if (cookie == null)
                return string.Empty; //cookie doesn't exist

            // For Cookies and Unicode characters
            return httpContext.Server.UrlDecode(cookie.Value);
        }
    }
}

using jQueryMvcSample03.Models;

namespace jQueryMvcSample03.DataSource
{
    public interface IBlogPostsService
    {
        void SaveRating(int postId, double rating);
    }

    public class SampleService : IBlogPostsService
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// یک نمونه از متد ذخیره سازی اطلاعات پیشنهادی
        /// فقط برای ایده گرفتن
        /// بدیهی است محل قرارگیری اصلی آن در لایه سرویس برنامه شما خواهد بود
        /// </summary>
        public void SaveRating(int postId, double rating)
        {
            BlogPost post = null;
            //post = _blogCtx.Find(postId); // بر اساس شماره مطلب، مطلب یافت شده و فیلدهای آن تنظیم می‌شوند
            if (post == null) return;

            if (!post.Rating.TotalRaters.HasValue) post.Rating.TotalRaters = 0;
            if (!post.Rating.TotalRating.HasValue) post.Rating.TotalRating = 0;
            if (!post.Rating.AverageRating.HasValue) post.Rating.AverageRating = 0;

            post.Rating.TotalRaters++;
            post.Rating.TotalRating += rating;
            post.Rating.AverageRating = post.Rating.TotalRating / post.Rating.TotalRaters;

            // todo: call save changes at the end.
        }
    }
}

@using System.Text.RegularExpressions
@model IList<jQueryMvcSample03.Models.BlogPost>
<ul>
    @foreach (var item in Model)
    {
        <li>
            <fieldset>
            <legend>مطلب @item.Id</legend>
                <h5>
                    @Html.ActionLink(linkText: item.Title,
                                 actionName: "Post",
                                 controllerName: "Home",
                                 routeValues: new { id = item.Id },
                                 htmlAttributes: null)
                </h5>
                @item.Body
                <div class="post_rating">
                    @Html.Raw(Regex.Replace(@StarRatingHelper.AddStarRating(item.Id, item.Rating.AverageRating, item.Rating.TotalRaters, "BlogPost").ToHtmlString(), @">\s+<", "><"))
                </div>
            </fieldset>
        </li>
    }
</ul>

@model IList<jQueryMvcSample03.Models.BlogPost>
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
    var postInfoUrl = Url.Action(actionName: "SaveRatings", controllerName: "Home");
}
<h2>
    سیستم امتیاز دهی</h2>
@{ Html.RenderPartial("_ItemsList", Model); }
@section JavaScript
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $(".rating.stars.active").StarRating({
                ratingStarsSpan: '.rating.stars',
                postInfoUrl: '@postInfoUrl',
                loginUrl: '/login',
                errorHandler: function () {
                    alert('خطایی رخ داده است');
                },
                completeHandler: function () {
                    alert('با تشکر! رای شما با موفقیت ثبت شد');
                },
                onlyOneTimeHandler: function () {
                    alert('فقط یکبار می‌توانید به ازای هر مطلب رای دهید');
                }
            });
        });
    </script>
}

 <script src="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.7.3/leaflet.js"></script>
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.7.3/leaflet.css" />

#map { height: 600px; }

var map = L.map('map').setView([29.6760859,52.4950737], 13);

var marker = L.marker([29.623116,52.497856]).addTo(map);

var circle = L.circle([29.6308217,52.5048021], 500, {
    color: 'red',
    fillColor: '#f03',
    fillOpacity: 0.5
}).addTo(map);

var polygon = L.polygon([
[29.628453, 52.488838],
[29.637368, 52.493987],
[29.637168, 52.503987]
]).addTo(map);

marker.bindPopup("باغ عفیف آباد").openPopup();
circle.bindPopup("I am a circle.");
polygon.bindPopup("I am a polygon.");

var popup = L.popup()
    .setLatLng([51.5, -0.09])
    .setContent("I am a standalone popup.")
    .openOn(map);