using System;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class Expense
    {
        public DateTime Date { set; get; }
        public string Department { set; get; }
        public decimal Expenses { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class ExpenseDataSource
    {
        public static IList<Expense> ExpensesDataSource()
        {
            return new List<Expense>
            {
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 100 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 200 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,11,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 150 },

                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 75 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 150 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,10,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 130 },

                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Computer", Expenses = 90 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Math", Expenses = 95 },
                new Expense { Date = new DateTime(2011,9,1), Department = "Physics", Expenses = 100 }
            };
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;

namespace Pivot.Sample1
{
    public class PivotTable
    {
        public static IList ExpensesCrossTab()
        {
            return ExpenseDataSource
                        .ExpensesDataSource()
                        .GroupBy(t =>
                                   new
                                   {
                                       Year = t.Date.Year,
                                       Month = t.Date.Month
                                   })
                        .Select(myGroup =>
                                   new
                                   {
                                       //Year = myGroup.Key.Year,
                                       Month = myGroup.Key.Month,
                                       ComputerDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Computer").Sum(x => x.Expenses),
                                       MathDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Math").Sum(x => x.Expenses),
                                       PhysicsDepartment = myGroup.Where(x => x.Department == "Physics").Sum(x => x.Expenses)
                                   })
                        .ToList();
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class StudentStat
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
        public DateTime Date { set; get; }
        public bool IsPresent { set; get; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class StudentsStatDataSource
    {
        public static IList<StudentStat> CreateMonthlyReportDataSource()
        {
            var result = new List<StudentStat>();
            var rnd = new Random();

            for (int day = 1; day < 6; day++)
            {
                for (int student = 1; student < 6; student++)
                {
                    result.Add(new StudentStat
                    {
                        Id = student,
                        Date = new DateTime(2011, 11, day),
                        IsPresent = rnd.Next(-1, 1) == 0 ? true : false,
                        Name = "student " + student
                    });
                }
            }

            return result;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;

namespace Pivot.Sample2
{
    public class PivotTable
    {
        public static IList StudentsStatCrossTab()
        {
            return StudentsStatDataSource
                        .CreateWeeklyReportDataSource()
                        .GroupBy(x =>
                                  new
                                  {
                                      x.Id
                                  })
                        .Select(myGroup =>
                                  new
                                  {
                                      myGroup.Key.Id,
                                      Name = myGroup.First().Name,
                                      Day1IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 1).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day2IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 2).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day3IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 3).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day4IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 4).First().IsPresent,
                                      Day5IsPresent = myGroup.Where(x => x.Date.Day == 5).First().IsPresent,
                                      PresentsCount = myGroup.Where(x => x.IsPresent).Count(),
                                      AbsentsCount = myGroup.Where(x => !x.IsPresent).Count()
                                  })
                        .ToList();
        }
    }
}

<form method="post" asp-action="UploadFiles" asp-controller="Home" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="files" webkitdirectory />
    <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace UploadFolderASPNETCore.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _environment;
        private const int MaxBufferSize = 0x10000;

        public HomeController(IWebHostEnvironment environment)
        {
            _environment = environment;
        }

        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> UploadFiles(IList<IFormFile> files)
        {
            var uploadsRootFolder = Path.Combine(_environment.WebRootPath, "uploads");
            CreateDir(uploadsRootFolder);

            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                var dirPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(file.FileName);
                CreateDir(Path.Combine(uploadsRootFolder, dirPath));

                var filePath = Path.Combine(uploadsRootFolder, file.FileName);
                using (var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create,
                                                        FileAccess.Write,
                                                        FileShare.None,
                                                        MaxBufferSize,
                                                        useAsync: true
                                                        ))
                {
                    await file.CopyToAsync(fileStream);
                }
            }

            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

        private void CreateDir(string path)
        {
            if (!Directory.Exists(path))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
            }
        }
    }
}

<Window x:Class="WpfAppTests.MainWindow"
       xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
       xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
       Title="Pdf Report" Height="495" WindowState="Maximized"
       WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" Width="703">
   <Grid>
       <WebBrowser x:Name="WebBrowser1"/>
   </Grid>
</Window>

WebBrowser1.Source = new Uri(PdfFilePath);

C:\Program Files\Common Files\Adobe\Acrobat\ActiveX\AcroPDF.dll

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsAppTests
{
   public partial class Form1 : Form
   {
       public Form1()
       {
           InitializeComponent();
           this.Load += Form1_Load;
           this.FormClosing += Form1_FormClosing;
       }

       void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
       {
           axAcroPDF1.Dispose();
       }

       void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
       {
           axAcroPDF1.LoadFile(PdfFilePath);           
           axAcroPDF1.setShowToolbar(true);
           axAcroPDF1.Show();
       }
   }
}

<iframe id="pdfFrame" style="visibility:hidden; position:absolute"><b>No Content</b></iframe>
<div id="silverlightControlHost">

var iFrame = HtmlPage.Document.GetElementById("pdfFrame");

var gt = pdfHost.TransformToVisual(Application.Current.RootVisual);
var offset = gt.Transform(new Point(0, 0));
var controlLeft = (int)offset.X;
var controlTop = (int)offset.Y;
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("left", string.Format("{0}px", controlLeft));
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("top", string.Format("{0}px", controlTop));
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("visibility", "visible");
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("height", string.Format("{0}px", pdfHost.ActualHeight));
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("width", string.Format("{0}px", pdfHost.ActualWidth));
iFrame.SetStyleAttribute("z-index", "1000");

iFrame.SetProperty("src", "ShowPdf.aspx?file=" + fileName);

/// Example: "00001.00042.00005".

/// Example: "00001.00042.00006".

    public class OrganizationalUnit : TrackableEntity<User>, IHasRowVersion, IPassivable
    {
        #region Constants

        /// <summary>
        /// Maximum depth of an UO hierarchy.
        /// </summary>
        public const int MaxDepth = 16;

        /// <summary>
        /// Length of a code unit between dots.
        /// </summary>
        public const int PathUnitLength = 5;

        /// <summary>
        /// Maximum length of the <see cref="Path"/> property.
        /// </summary>
        public const int MaxPathLength = MaxDepth * (PathUnitLength + 1) - 1;

        public const char HierarchicalDisplayNameSeperator = '»';

        #endregion

        #region Properties

        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string NormalizedName { get; set; }
        public string HierarchicalDisplayName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Hierarchical Path of this organization unit.
        /// Example: "00001.00042.00005".
        /// It's changeable if OU hierarch is changed.
        /// </summary>
        public string Path { get; set; }
        public bool IsActive { get; set; } = true;
        public byte[] RowVersion { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region Navigation Properties

        public OrganizationalUnit Parent { get; set; }
        public long? ParentId { get; set; }
        public ICollection<OrganizationalUnit> Children { get; set; } = new HashSet<OrganizationalUnit>();
        public ICollection<UserOrganizationalUnit> UserOrganizationalUnits { get; set; } =
            new HashSet<UserOrganizationalUnit>();

        #endregion

        #region Public Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates path for given numbers.
        /// Example: if numbers are 4,2 then returns "00004.00002";
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="numbers">Numbers</param>
        public static string CreatePath(params int[] numbers)
        {
            if (numbers.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                return null;
            }

            return numbers.Select(number => number.ToString(new string('0', PathUnitLength))).JoinAsString(".");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Appends a child path to a parent path. 
        /// Example: if parentPath = "00001", childPath = "00042" then returns "00001.00042".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parentPath">Parent path. Can be null or empty if parent is a root.</param>
        /// <param name="childPath">Child path.</param>
        public static string AppendPath(string parentPath, string childPath)
        {
            if (childPath.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(childPath), "childPath can not be null or empty.");
            }

            if (parentPath.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                return childPath;
            }

            return parentPath + "." + childPath;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets relative path to the parent.
        /// Example: if path = "00019.00055.00001" and parentPath = "00019" then returns "00055.00001".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path.</param>
        /// <param name="parentPath">The parent path.</param>
        public static string GetRelativePath(string path, string parentPath)
        {
            if (path.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(path), "Path can not be null or empty.");
            }

            if (parentPath.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                return path;
            }

            if (path.Length == parentPath.Length)
            {
                return null;
            }

            return path.Substring(parentPath.Length + 1);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Calculates next path for given path.
        /// Example: if code = "00019.00055.00001" returns "00019.00055.00002".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path.</param>
        public static string CalculateNextPath(string path)
        {
            if (path.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(path), "Path can not be null or empty.");
            }

            var parentPath = GetParentPath(path);
            var lastUnitPath = GetLastUnitPath(path);

            return AppendPath(parentPath, CreatePath(Convert.ToInt32(lastUnitPath) + 1));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the last unit path.
        /// Example: if path = "00019.00055.00001" returns "00001".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path.</param>
        public static string GetLastUnitPath(string path)
        {
            if (path.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(path), "Path can not be null or empty.");
            }

            var splittedPath = path.Split('.');
            return splittedPath[splittedPath.Length - 1];
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets parent path.
        /// Example: if path = "00019.00055.00001" returns "00019.00055".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path.</param>
        public static string GetParentPath(string path)
        {
            if (path.IsNullOrEmpty())
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(path), "Path can not be null or empty.");
            }

            var splittedPath = path.Split('.');
            if (splittedPath.Length == 1)
            {
                return null;
            }

            return splittedPath.Take(splittedPath.Length - 1).JoinAsString(".");
        }

        #endregion
    }

       public virtual async Task<string> GetNextChildPathAsync(long? parentId)
        {
            var lastChild = await GetLastChildOrNullAsync(parentId).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (lastChild == null)
            {
                var parentPath = parentId != null ? await GetPathAsync(parentId.Value).ConfigureAwait(false) : null;
                return OrganizationalUnit.AppendPath(parentPath, OrganizationalUnit.CreatePath(1));
            }

            return OrganizationalUnit.CalculateNextPath(lastChild.Path);
        }

        public async Task<string> GetNextChildHierarchicalDisplayNameAsync(string name, long? parentId)
        {
            var parent = parentId != null
                ? await _organizationalUnits.SingleOrDefaultAsync(a => a.Id == parentId.Value).ConfigureAwait(false)
                : null;

            return parent == null
                ? name
                : $"{parent.HierarchicalDisplayName} {OrganizationalUnit.HierarchicalDisplayNameSeperator} {name}";
        }

        public virtual async Task<OrganizationalUnit> GetLastChildOrNullAsync(long? parentId)
        {
            return await _organizationalUnits.OrderByDescending(c => c.Path)
                .FirstOrDefaultAsync(ou => ou.ParentId == parentId).ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

        public virtual async Task<string> GetPathAsync(long id)
        {
            Guard.ArgumentNotZero(id, nameof(id));
            var organizationalUnit = await _organizationalUnits.SingleOrDefaultAsync(ou => ou.Id == id).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (organizationalUnit == null)
            {
                throw new KeyNotFoundException();
            }
            return organizationalUnit.Path;
        }

        public async Task<List<OrganizationalUnit>> FindChildrenAsync(long? parentId, bool recursive = false)
        {
            if (!recursive)
            {
                return await _organizationalUnits.Where(ou => ou.ParentId == parentId).ToListAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
            }

            if (!parentId.HasValue)
            {
                return await _organizationalUnits.ToListAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
            }

            var path = await GetPathAsync(parentId.Value).ConfigureAwait(false);

            return await _organizationalUnits.Where(
                ou => ou.Path.StartsWith(path) && ou.Id != parentId.Value).ToListAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

        public virtual async Task MoveAsync(long id, long? parentId)
        {
            Guard.ArgumentNotZero(id, nameof(id));
            var organizationalUnit = await _organizationalUnits.SingleOrDefaultAsync(ou => ou.Id == id).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (organizationalUnit == null || organizationalUnit.ParentId == parentId)
            {
                return;
            }

            //Should find children before Path change
            var children = await FindChildrenAsync(id, true).ConfigureAwait(false);

            //Store old Path of OU
            var oldPath = organizationalUnit.Path;

            //Move OU
            organizationalUnit.Path = await GetNextChildPathAsync(parentId).ConfigureAwait(false);
            organizationalUnit.ParentId = parentId;

            //Update Children Paths
            foreach (var child in children)
            {
                child.Path = OrganizationalUnit.AppendPath(organizationalUnit.Path, OrganizationalUnit.GetRelativePath(child.Path, oldPath));
            }
        }

using System;
using System.Net;

  public class CSiteMonitor
  {
      public struct UrlHeaderInfo
      {
          public DateTime _lastModified;
          public string _statusCode;
          public string _errorMessage;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// آیا آدرس اینترنتی وارد شده معتبر است؟
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="url">آدرس مورد نظر جهت بررسی</param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      public static bool IsValidURL(string url)
      {
          try
          {
              Uri uri = new Uri(url);
              return (uri.Scheme == Uri.UriSchemeHttp) || (uri.Scheme == Uri.UriSchemeHttps);
          }
          catch { return false; }
      }
      /// <summary>
      /// آدرس اینترنتی جهت بررسی
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="url"></param>
      /// <returns></returns>
      /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">آدرس اینترنتی وارد شده معتبر نیست</exception>
      public static UrlHeaderInfo GetSiteHeaderInfo(string url)
      {
          if (!IsValidURL(url))
              throw new ArgumentException("آدرس اینترنتی وارد شده معتبر نیست", "url");

          UrlHeaderInfo hhi = new UrlHeaderInfo { _lastModified = DateTime.Now, _statusCode = "NOK!", _errorMessage = string.Empty };

          HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
          //request.Proxy
          request.Method = "HEAD";
          request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
          request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.0; ; rv:1.8.0.7) Gecko/20060917 Firefox/1.9.0.1";
          request.Timeout = 1000 * 300;
          request.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate;
        
          try
          {
              using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse) request.GetResponse())
              {
                  hhi._statusCode = response.StatusCode.ToString();
                  hhi._lastModified = response.LastModified;
              }
          }
          catch (Exception ex)
          {
              hhi._errorMessage = ex.Message;
          }

          return hhi;
      }
  }

CSiteMonitor.UrlHeaderInfo info = CSiteMonitor.GetSiteHeaderInfo("http://www.google.com");
MessageBox.Show(info._statusCode);

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModels
{
    public class MainWindowViewModel
    {
        public string SomeText { set; get; }
        public MainWindowViewModel()
        {
            SomeText = "Data ...";
        }
    }
}

using WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModels;

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator
{
    public class ViewModelLocatorBase
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel MainWindowVm
        {
            get { return new MainWindowViewModel(); }
        }
    }
}

<Application x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:vml="clr-namespace:WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <vml:ViewModelLocatorBase x:Key="ViewModelLocatorBase" />
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Window x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"        
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid DataContext="{Binding Path=MainWindowVm, Source={StaticResource ViewModelLocatorBase}}">
        <TextBlock Text="{Binding SomeText}" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator
{
    public class ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            //مقدار در اینجا همان مشخصات ویوو است
            if (value == null) return null;
            string viewTypeName = value.GetType().Name;

            //قرار داد ما است
            //ViewModel Name = ViewName + "ViewModel"
            string viewModelName = string.Concat(viewTypeName, "ViewModel");

            //یافتن اسمبلی که حاوی ویوو مدل ما است
            var asms = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
            var viewModelAsmName = "WpfViewModelLocator"; //نام پروژه مرتبط
            var viewModelAsm = asms.Where(x => x.FullName.Contains(viewModelAsmName)).First();

            //یافتن این کلاس ویوو مدل مرتبط
            var viewModelType = viewModelAsm.GetTypes().Where(x => x.FullName.Contains(viewModelName)).FirstOrDefault();
            if (viewModelType == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Could not find view model '{0}'", viewModelName));

            //وهله سازی خودکار آن
            return Activator.CreateInstance(viewModelType);
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

<Application x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:vml="clr-namespace:WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <vml:ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter x:Key="ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter" />
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Window x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"                
        DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, 
                              Converter={StaticResource ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter}}"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid>
        <TextBlock Text="{Binding SomeText}" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
    </Grid>
</Window>