public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {
        // Web API configuration and services

        // Web API routes
        config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
    }
}

public class VideoStream
{
    private readonly string _filename;
    private long _contentLength;

    public long FileLength
    {
        get { return _contentLength; }
    }

    public VideoStream(string videoPath)
    {
        _filename = videoPath;
        using (var video = File.Open(_filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
        {
            _contentLength = video.Length;
        }
    }

    public async void WriteToStream(Stream outputStream,
        HttpContent content, TransportContext context)
    {
        try
        {
            var buffer = new byte[65536];

            using (var video = File.Open(_filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
            {
                var length = (int)video.Length;
                var bytesRead = 1;

                while (length > 0 && bytesRead > 0)
                {
                    bytesRead = video.Read(buffer, 0, Math.Min(length, buffer.Length));
                    await outputStream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                    length -= bytesRead;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (HttpException)
        {
            return;
        }
        finally
        {
            outputStream.Close();
        }
    }
}

while (length > 0 && bytesRead > 0)
{
    bytesRead = video.Read(buffer, 0, Math.Min(length, buffer.Length));
    await outputStream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
    length -= bytesRead;
}

public class VideoController : ApiController
{
    [Route("api/video/{ext}/{fileName}")]
    public HttpResponseMessage Get(string ext, string fileName)
    {
        string videoPath = HostingEnvironment.MapPath(string.Format("~/Videos/{0}.{1}", fileName, ext));
        if (File.Exists(videoPath))
        {
            FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(videoPath);
            var video = new VideoStream(videoPath);

            var response = Request.CreateResponse();

            response.Content = new PushStreamContent((Action<Stream, HttpContent, TransportContext>)video.WriteToStream,
                new MediaTypeHeaderValue("video/" + ext));

            response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fi.Name.Replace(" ", ""));
            response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Length", video.FileLength.ToString());

            return response;
        }
        else
        {
            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
        }
    }
}

[Route("api/video/{ext}/{fileName}")]

api/video/mp4/sample

string videoPath = HostingEnvironment.MapPath(string.Format("~/Videos/{0}.{1}", fileName, ext));

var video = new VideoStream(videoPath);

var response = Request.CreateResponse();

response.Content = new PushStreamContent((Action<Stream, HttpContent, TransportContext>)video.WriteToStream, new MediaTypeHeaderValue("video/" + ext));

response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Length", video.FileLength.ToString());

if(File.Exists(videoPath))
{
    // removed for bravity
}
else
{
    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    // GET: Home
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

<div>
    <div>
        <video width="480" height="270" controls="controls" preload="auto">
            <source src="/api/video/mp4/sample" type="video/mp4" />
            Your browser does not support the video tag.
        </video>
    </div>
</div>

[ResponseCache(Duration = 60)]
public IActionResult Contact()
{
   ViewData["Message"] = "Your contact page.";
   return View();
}

 Cache-Control: public,max-age=60

[ResponseCache(Duration = 60, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.Client)]

[ResponseCache(Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]
public IActionResult Error()
{
   return View();
}

Cache-Control: no-store,no-cache
Pragma: no-cache

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc(options =>
    {
        options.CacheProfiles.Add("PrivateCache",
            new CacheProfile
            {
                Duration = 60,
                Location = ResponseCacheLocation.Client
            }); 
    });

[ResponseCache(CacheProfileName = "PrivateCache")]

{
    "dependencies": {
      //same as before
      "Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory": "1.0.0"
 },

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
  services.AddMemoryCache();

[Route("DNT/[controller]")]
public class AboutController : Controller
{
    private readonly IMemoryCache _memoryCache;
 
    public AboutController(IMemoryCache memoryCache)
    {
        _memoryCache = memoryCache;
    }
 
    [Route("")]
    public ActionResult Hello()
    {
 
        string cacheKey = "my-cache-key";
        string greeting;
 
        if (!_memoryCache.TryGetValue(cacheKey, out greeting))
        {
             greeting = "Hello";
            // store in the cache
            _memoryCache.Set(cacheKey, greeting,
                new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
                .SetAbsoluteExpiration(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)));
        }
 
        return Content($"{greeting} from DNT!");
    }

 new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
  .SetSlidingExpiration(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))

 new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
  .SetSlidingExpiration(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))
  .SetAbsoluteExpiration(TimeSpan.FromHours(1))

 new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
  .SetPriority(CacheItemPriority.NeverRemove))

<cache expires-after="@TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)">
    @Html.Partial("_WhatsNew")
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache expires-after="@TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache expires-on="@DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).AddTicks(-1)">
  <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
 *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache expires-sliding="@TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache vary-by-user="true">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache vary-by-route="id">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache vary-by-query="search">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache vary-by-cookie="MyAppCookie">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

 <cache vary-by-header="User-Agent">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache vary-by="@ViewBag.ProductId">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

 <cache vary-by-user="true" vary-by-route="id">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<cache expires-sliding="@TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)"
priority="@Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.CacheItemPriority.NeverRemove">
    <!--View Component or something that gets data from the database-->
    *last updated  @DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString()
</cache>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    <link href="~/Content/PersianDatePicker.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
    @RenderBody()
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
    <script src="~/Scripts/PersianDatePicker.js"></script>
    @RenderSection("Scripts", required: false)
</body>
</html>

@using System.Globalization
@model DateTime?
@{
    Func<DateTime, string> toPersianDate = date =>
    {
        var dateTime = new DateTime(date.Year, date.Month, date.Day, new GregorianCalendar());
        var persianCalendar = new PersianCalendar();
        return persianCalendar.GetYear(dateTime) + "/" + 
               persianCalendar.GetMonth(dateTime).ToString("00") + "/" + 
               persianCalendar.GetDayOfMonth(dateTime).ToString("00");
    };
    var today = toPersianDate(DateTime.Now);
    var name = this.ViewContext.ViewData.ModelMetadata.PropertyName;
    var value = Model.HasValue ? toPersianDate(Model.Value) : string.Empty;
}
<input type="text" dir="ltr" 
       name="@name" id="@name" 
       value="@value" 
       onclick="PersianDatePicker.Show(this,'@today');" />

// Location: Views\Shared\EditorTemplates\PersianDatePicker.cshtml
[UIHint("PersianDatePicker")]
public DateTime AddDate { set; get; }

<div>
    <label>تاریخ:</label>
    @Html.EditorFor(model => model.AddDate)
</div>

public static void CreateUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
{
      context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Unique_" + tableName 
+ "_" + fieldName + "] ON [" + tableName + "]([" + fieldName + "] ASC);");
}

public class MyDbMigrationsConfiguration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
{
        public BlogDbMigrationsConfiguration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            CreateUniqueIndex(context, "table1", "field1");
            base.Seed(context);
        }
}

using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace General
{
    public static class ContextExtensions
    {
        public static string GetTableName<T>(this DbContext context) where T : class
        {
            ObjectContext objectContext = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext;
            return objectContext.GetTableName<T>();
        }

        public static string GetTableName<T>(this ObjectContext context) where T : class
        {
            var sql = context.CreateObjectSet<T>().ToTraceString();
            var regex = new Regex("FROM (?<table>.*) AS");
            var match = regex.Match(sql);
            string table = match.Groups["table"].Value;
            return table
                    .Replace("`", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("[", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("]", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("dbo.", string.Empty)
                    .Trim();
        }

        private static bool hasUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string indexName)
        {
            var sql = "SELECT count(*) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where table_name = '" 
                      + tableName + "' and CONSTRAINT_NAME = '" + indexName + "'";
            var result = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(sql).FirstOrDefault();
            return result > 0;
        }

        private static void createUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
        {
            var indexName = "IX_Unique_" + tableName + "_" + fieldName;
            if (hasUniqueIndex(context, tableName, indexName))
                return;

            var sql = "ALTER TABLE [" + tableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT [" + indexName + "] UNIQUE ([" + fieldName + "])";
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(sql);
        }

        public static void CreateUniqueIndex<TEntity>(this DbContext context, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> fieldName) where TEntity : class
        {
            var field = ((MemberExpression)fieldName.Body).Member.Name;
            createUniqueIndex(context, context.GetTableName<TEntity>(), field);
        }
    }
}

context.CreateUniqueIndex<User>(x=>x.Name);

Request #   2: GET     - 3,818 ms - <system>   - 200 - /indexes/dynamic/Questions?&query=Title%3ARaven*&pageSize=128

using System;
using System.Linq;
using Raven.Client.Document;
using RavenDBSample01.Models;
using Raven.Client;
using Raven.Client.Linq;
using Raven.Client.Indexes;

namespace RavenDBSample01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (var store = new DocumentStore
            {
                Url = "http://localhost:8080"
            }.Initialize())
            {
                store.DatabaseCommands.PutIndex(
                name: "Questions/ByTitle",
                indexDef: new IndexDefinitionBuilder<Question>
                {
                    Map = questions => questions.Select(question => new { Title = question.Title } )
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

    public class QuestionsByTitle : AbstractIndexCreationTask<Question>
    {
        public QuestionsByTitle()
        {
            Map = questions => questions.Select(question => new { Title = question.Title });
        }
    }

            using (var store = new DocumentStore
            {
                Url = "http://localhost:8080"
            }.Initialize())
            {
                IndexCreation.CreateIndexes(typeof(QuestionsByTitle).Assembly, store);
            }

            using (var store = new DocumentStore
            {
                Url = "http://localhost:8080"
            }.Initialize())
            {
                using (var session = store.OpenSession())
                {
                    var questions = session.Query<Question>(indexName: "QuestionsByTitle")
                                           .Where(x => x.Title.StartsWith("Raven")).Take(128);
                    foreach (var question in questions)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(question.Title);
                    }
                }
            }

Request # 147: GET     -    58 ms - <system>   - 200 - /indexes/QuestionsByTitle?&query=Title%3ARaven*&pageSize=128
        Query: Title:Raven*
        Time: 7 ms
        Index: QuestionsByTitle
        Results: 2 returned out of 2 total.

                    var questions = session.Query<Question, QuestionsByTitle>()
                                           .Where(x => x.Title.StartsWith("Raven")).Take(128);

    public class QuestionsCountByTitleReduceResult
    {
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public int Count { set; get; }
    }

    public class QuestionsCountByTitle : AbstractIndexCreationTask<Question, QuestionsCountByTitleReduceResult>
    {
        public QuestionsCountByTitle()
        {
            Map = questions => questions.Select(question =>
                                                    new
                                                    {
                                                        Title = question.Title,
                                                        Count = 1
                                                    });
            Reduce = results => results.GroupBy(x => x.Title)
                                       .Select(g =>
                                                   new
                                                   {
                                                       Title = g.Key,
                                                       Count = g.Sum(x => x.Count)
                                                   });
        }
    }

            using (var store = new DocumentStore
            {
                Url = "http://localhost:8080"
            }.Initialize())
            {
                IndexCreation.CreateIndexes(typeof(QuestionsCountByTitle).Assembly, store);

                using (var session = store.OpenSession())
                {
                    var result = session.Query<QuestionsCountByTitleReduceResult, QuestionsCountByTitle>()
                                         .FirstOrDefault(x => x.Title == "Raven") ?? new QuestionsCountByTitleReduceResult();
                    Console.WriteLine(result.Count);
                }
            }

PM> Install-Package foolproof

[HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Edit(User user, string[] tags)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                List<Role> roles = new List<Role>();
                foreach (var item in tags)
                {
                    Role role = db.Roles.Find(long.Parse(item));
                    roles.Add(role);
                }
                user.Roles = roles;
                
                db.Entry(user).State = EntityState.Modified;
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            return View(user);
        }

    public struct Optional<T>
    {
        public bool HasValue { get; }
        public T Value { get; }
    }

class ConsoleWriteLineWalker : CSharpSyntaxWalker
{
    public ConsoleWriteLineWalker()
    {
        Arguments = new List<ExpressionSyntax>();
    }
 
    public List<ExpressionSyntax> Arguments { get; }
 
    public override void VisitInvocationExpression(InvocationExpressionSyntax node)
    {
        var member = node.Expression as MemberAccessExpressionSyntax;
        var type = member?.Expression as IdentifierNameSyntax;
        if (type != null && type.Identifier.Text == "Console" && member.Name.Identifier.Text == "WriteLine")
        {
            if (node.ArgumentList.Arguments.Count == 1)
            {
                var arg = node.ArgumentList.Arguments.Single().Expression;
                Arguments.Add(arg);
                return;
            }
        }
 
        base.VisitInvocationExpression(node);
    }
}

static void getConstantValue()
{
    // Get the syntax tree.
    var code = @"
                using System;
 
                class Foo
                {
                    void Bar(int x)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(3.14);
                        Console.WriteLine(""qux"");
                        Console.WriteLine('c');
                        Console.WriteLine(null);
                        Console.WriteLine(x * 2 + 1);
                    }
                }
                ";
 
    var tree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code);
    var root = tree.GetRoot();
 
    // Get the semantic model from the compilation.
    var mscorlib = MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).Assembly.Location);
    var comp = CSharpCompilation.Create("Demo").AddSyntaxTrees(tree).AddReferences(mscorlib);
    var model = comp.GetSemanticModel(tree);
 
    // Traverse the tree.
    var walker = new ConsoleWriteLineWalker();
    walker.Visit(root);
 
 
    // Analyze the constant argument (if any).
    foreach (var arg in walker.Arguments)
    {
        var val = model.GetConstantValue(arg);
        if (val.HasValue)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(arg + " has constant value " + (val.Value ?? "null") + " of type " + (val.Value?.GetType() ?? typeof(object)));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(arg + " has no constant value");
        }
    }
}

 3.14 has constant value 3.14 of type System.Double
"qux" has constant value qux of type System.String
'c' has constant value c of type System.Char
null has constant value null of type System.Object
x * 2 + 1 has no constant value

static void workingWithSymbols()
{
    // Get the syntax tree.
    var code = @"
                using System;
 
                class Foo
                {
                    void Bar(int x)
                    {
                        // #insideBar
                    }
                }
 
                class Qux
                {
                    protected int Baz { get; set; }
                }
                ";
 
    var tree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code);
    var root = tree.GetRoot();
 
    // Get the semantic model from the compilation.
    var mscorlib = MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).Assembly.Location);
    var comp = CSharpCompilation.Create("Demo").AddSyntaxTrees(tree).AddReferences(mscorlib);
    var model = comp.GetSemanticModel(tree);
 
    // Traverse enclosing symbol hierarchy.
    var cursor = code.IndexOf("#insideBar");
    var barSymbol = model.GetEnclosingSymbol(cursor);
    for (var symbol = barSymbol; symbol != null; symbol = symbol.ContainingSymbol)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(symbol);
    }
 
    // Analyze accessibility of Baz inside Bar.
    var bazProp = ((CompilationUnitSyntax)root)
        .Members.OfType<ClassDeclarationSyntax>()
        .Single(m => m.Identifier.Text == "Qux")
        .Members.OfType<PropertyDeclarationSyntax>()
        .Single();
    var bazSymbol = model.GetDeclaredSymbol(bazProp);
    var canAccess = model.IsAccessible(cursor, bazSymbol);
}

 Foo.Bar(int)
Foo
<global namespace>
Demo.exe
Demo, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null

static void bindingSymbols()
{
    // Get the syntax tree.
    var code = @"
                using System;
 
                class Foo
                {
                    private int y;
 
                    void Bar(int x)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(x);
                        Console.WriteLine(y);
 
                        int z = 42;
                        Console.WriteLine(z);
 
                        Console.WriteLine(a);
                    }
                }";
 
    var tree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code);
    var root = tree.GetRoot();
 
    // Get the semantic model from the compilation.
    var mscorlib = MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).Assembly.Location);
    var comp = CSharpCompilation.Create("Demo").AddSyntaxTrees(tree).AddReferences(mscorlib);
    var model = comp.GetSemanticModel(tree);
 
    // Traverse the tree.
    var walker = new ConsoleWriteLineWalker();
    walker.Visit(root);
 
    // Bind the arguments.
    foreach (var arg in walker.Arguments)
    {
        var symbol = model.GetSymbolInfo(arg);
        if (symbol.Symbol != null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(arg + " is bound to " + symbol.Symbol + " of type " + symbol.Symbol.Kind);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(arg + " could not be bound");
        }
    }
}

 x is bound to int of type Parameter
y is bound to Foo.y of type Field
z is bound to z of type Local
a could not be bound