public int CalculateElapsedDays(DateTime from)
{
   DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
   return (now - from).Days;
}

 public static int CalculateElapsedDays(DateTime from, DateTime now) => (now - from).Days;

public int Divide(int numerator, int denominator)
{
   return numerator / denominator;
}

var result = Divide(1,0);

public static int Divide(int numerator, NonZeroInt denominator)
{
   return numerator / denominator.Value;
}

Func<int, bool> isMod2 = x => x % 2 == 0;
var list = Enumerable.Range(1, 10);
var evenNumbers = list.Where(isMod2);

public static IEnumerable<T> Where<T>(this IEnumerable<T> ts, Func<T, bool> predicate)
{
   foreach (T t in ts)
      if (predicate(t))
         yield return t;
}

<system.web>
   <httpHandlers>
      <add path="*.js" verb="*" type="System.Web.StaticFileHandler" />
   </httpHandlers>

• Lead Function:

1. Scalar_expression: در Scalar_expression، نام یک فیلد یا ستون درج می‌شود، و مقدار برگشتی فیلد مورد نظر، به مقدار تعیین شده offset نیز بستگی دارد. خروجی Scalar_expression فقط یک مقدار است.
2. offset: منظور از Offset در این Syntax همانند عملکرد Offset در Syntax مربوط به Over می‌باشد. یعنی هر عددی برای offset در نظر گرفته شود، بیانگر نقطه آغازین سطر بعدی یا قبلی نسبت به سطر جاری است. به بیان دیگر، عدد تعیین شده در Offset به Sql server می‌فهماند چه تعداد سطر را در محاسبه در نظر نگیرد.
3. Default: زمانی که برای Offset مقداری را تعیین می‌نمایید، SQL Server به تعداد تعیین شده در Offset، سطر‌ها را در نظر نمی‌گیرد، بنابراین مقدار خروجی Scalar_expression بطور پیش فرض Null در نظر گرفته می‌شود، چنانچه بخواهید، مقداری غیر از Null درج نمایید، می‌توانید مقدار دلخواه را در قسمت Default وارد کنید.
4. (OVER ( [ partition_by_clause ] order_by_clause : در بخش اول بطور کامل توضیح داده شده است.
   

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models
{
    public class Movie
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Movie Title is Required")]
        [MinLength(3, ErrorMessage = "Movie Title must be at least 3 characters")]
        public string Title { get; set; }

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Movie Director is Required.")]
        public string Director { get; set; }

        [Range(0, 100, ErrorMessage = "Ticket price must be between 0 and 100.")]
        public decimal TicketPrice { get; set; }

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Movie Release Date is required")]
        public DateTime ReleaseDate { get; set; }
    }
}

using AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace AngularTemplateDrivenFormsLab.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class MoviesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Post([FromBody]Movie movie)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                // TODO: save ...
                return Ok(movie);
            }

            ModelState.AddModelError("", "This record already exists."); // a cross field validation
            return BadRequest(ModelState);
        }
    }
}

 {"":["This record already exists."],"TicketPrice":["Ticket price must be between 0 and 100."]}

  errors: string[] = [];

  processModelStateErrors(form: NgForm, responseError: HttpErrorResponse) {
    if (responseError.status === 400) {
      const modelStateErrors = responseError.error;
      for (const fieldName in modelStateErrors) {
        if (modelStateErrors.hasOwnProperty(fieldName)) {
          const modelStateError = modelStateErrors[fieldName];
          const control = form.controls[fieldName] || form.controls[this.lowerCaseFirstLetter(fieldName)];
          if (control) {
            // integrate into Angular's validation
            control.setErrors({
              modelStateError: { error: modelStateError }
            });
          } else {
            // for cross field validations -> show the validation error at the top of the screen
            this.errors.push(modelStateError);
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      this.errors.push("something went wrong!");
    }
  }

  lowerCaseFirstLetter(data: string): string {
    return data.charAt(0).toLowerCase() + data.slice(1);
  }

 const control = form.controls[fieldName] || form.controls[this.lowerCaseFirstLetter(fieldName)];

  model = new Movie("", "", 0, "");
  successfulSave: boolean;
  errors: string[] = [];

  constructor(private movieService: MovieService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    console.log(form);

    this.errors = [];
    this.movieService.postMovieForm(this.model).subscribe(
      (data: Movie) => {
        console.log("Saved data", data);
        this.successfulSave = true;
      },
      (responseError: HttpErrorResponse) => {
        this.successfulSave = false;
        console.log("Response Error", responseError);
        this.processModelStateErrors(form, responseError);
      });
  }

<form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate>
  <div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert" *ngIf="errors.length > 0">
    <ul>
      <li *ngFor="let error of errors">
        {{ error }}
      </li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="alert alert-success" role="alert" *ngIf="successfulSave">
    Movie saved successfully!
  </div>

control.setErrors({
  modelStateError: { error: modelStateError }
});

<ng-template #validationErrorsTemplate let-ctrl="control">
  <div *ngIf="ctrl.invalid && ctrl.touched">
    <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="ctrl.errors.required">
      This field is required.
    </div>
    <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="ctrl.errors.minlength">
      This field should be minimum {{ctrl.errors.minlength.requiredLength}} characters.
    </div>
    <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="ctrl.errors.maxlength">
      This field should be max {{ctrl.errors.maxlength.requiredLength}} characters.
    </div>
    <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="ctrl.errors.pattern">
      This field's pattern: {{ctrl.errors.pattern.requiredPattern}}
    </div>
    <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="ctrl.errors.modelStateError">
      {{ctrl.errors.modelStateError.error}}
    </div>
  </div>
</ng-template>

  <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="releaseDate.invalid && releaseDate.touched">
    <label class="control-label" for="releaseDate">Release Date</label>
    <input type="text" name="releaseDate" #releaseDate="ngModel"  class="form-control"
      required [(ngModel)]="model.releaseDate" />
    <ng-container *ngTemplateOutlet="validationErrorsTemplate; context:{ control: releaseDate }"></ng-container>
  </div>

        <div>
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div>
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>
        
        <div>
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Genre, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div>
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Genre, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Genre, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

    public class Books
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        [Required]
        [StringLength(255)]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public Genre Genre { get; set; }
    }

    public enum Genre
    {
        [Display(Name = "Non Fiction")]
        NonFiction,
        Romance,
        Action,
        [Display(Name = "Science Fiction")]
        ScienceFiction
    }

    public class BookController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Book
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(DataAccess.DataContext.Book.ToList());
        }

        public ActionResult Create()
        {
            return View();
        }

        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Create(Books model)
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
                return View(model);

            try
            {
                DataAccess.DataContext.Book.Add(model);
                DataAccess.DataContext.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("", ex.Message);
                return View(model);
            }
        }

        public ActionResult Edit(int id)
        {
            try
            {
                var book = DataAccess.DataContext.Book.Find(id);
                return View(book);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return View("Error");
            }
        }

        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Edit(Books model)
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
                return View(model);

            try
            {
                DataAccess.DataContext.Book.AddOrUpdate(model);
                DataAccess.DataContext.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("", ex.Message);
                return View(model);
            }
        }

        public ActionResult Details(int id)
        {
            try
            {
                var book = DataAccess.DataContext.Book.Find(id);
                return View(book);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return View("Error");
            }
        }
    }

@using Book.Entities
@model Book.Entities.Books

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Create";
}
<h2>New Book</h2>
@using (Html.BeginForm()) 
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
    
    <div>
        <h4>Books</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div>
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div>
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>
        
        <div>
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Genre, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div>
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Genre, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Genre, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div>
            <div>
                <input type="submit" value="Create" />
                <input type="reset" value="Reset" />
                @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index", null, new {@class="btn btn-default"})
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}

@section Scripts {
    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")
}

Views/Shared/DisplayTemplates/<type>.cshtml

@using Book.Entities
@using Book.Web.Helpers
@{
    var items = typeof(Genre).GetItems((int?)Model);
}

@Html.DropDownList("", items, new {@class="form-control"})

public TestLocalController(
            IStringLocalizer<TestLocalController> stringLocalizer,
            IHtmlLocalizer<TestLocalController> htmlLocalizer)

private readonly IStringLocalizer _stringLocalizer;
private readonly IHtmlLocalizer _htmlLocalizer;
 
public TestLocalController(
    IStringLocalizerFactory stringLocalizerFactory,
    IHtmlLocalizerFactory htmlLocalizerFactory)
{
    _stringLocalizer = stringLocalizerFactory.Create(
        baseName: "Controllers.TestLocalController" /*مشخصات کنترلر جاری*/,
        location: "Core1RtmTestResources.ExternalResources" /*نام اسمبلی ثالث*/);
    _htmlLocalizer = htmlLocalizerFactory.Create(
        baseName: "Controllers.TestLocalController" /*مشخصات کنترلر جاری*/,
        location: "Core1RtmTestResources.ExternalResources" /*نام اسمبلی ثالث*/);
}

 public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
 {
     services.AddControllers()
            .AddNewtonsoftJson()
     // ...
}

public class Person
{
   public string FirstName { get; set; }
   public string LastName { get; set; }
   public DateTime? BirthDay { get; set; }
}

using System;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Person person = JsonSerializer.Parse<Person>(...);
            string json = JsonSerializer.ToString(person);
        }
    }
}

namespace System.Text.Json.Serialization
{
    public static class JsonSerializer
    {
        public static object Parse(ReadOnlySpan<byte> utf8Json, Type returnType, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        public static object Parse(string json, Type returnType, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        public static TValue Parse<TValue>(ReadOnlySpan<byte> utf8Json, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        public static TValue Parse<TValue>(string json, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);

        public static string ToString(object value, Type type, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        public static string ToString<TValue>(TValue value, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
    }
}

public sealed class JsonSerializerOptions
{
   public bool AllowTrailingCommas { get; set; }
   public int DefaultBufferSize { get; set; }
   public JsonNamingPolicy DictionaryKeyPolicy { get; set; }
   public bool IgnoreNullValues { get; set; }
   public bool IgnoreReadOnlyProperties { get; set; }
   public int MaxDepth { get; set; }
   public bool PropertyNameCaseInsensitive { get; set; }
   public JsonNamingPolicy PropertyNamingPolicy { get; set; }
   public JsonCommentHandling ReadCommentHandling { get; set; }
   public bool WriteIndented { get; set; }
}

// Json.NET:
var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
{
    NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore
};
string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, settings);

// JsonSerializer:
var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
{
    IgnoreNullValues = true
};
string json = JsonSerializer.ToString(person, options);

services.AddControllers()
   .AddJsonOptions(options => options.JsonSerializerOptions.WriteIndented = true);

[JsonPropertyName("birthdate")]
public DateTime? BirthDay { get; set; }

var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
{
   PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase
};
string json = JsonSerializer.ToString(person, options);