public abstract class myabstractclass
{
    public abstract string dosomething( string input );
 
    public double round( double number , int decimals )
    {
        return math.round( number , decimals );
    }
}

   public class mynewclass : myabstractclass
   {
       public override string dosomething( string input )
       {
           return input;
       }
   }

    [testclass]
    public class mytest
    {
        [testmethod]
        public void testround()
        {
            mynewclass mynewclass = new mynewclass();
 
            var result = mynewclass.round( 5.55 , 1 );
 
            assert.areequal( 5.6 , result );
        }
    }

       [testmethod]
       public void testwithmockrepository()
       {
           var mockrepository = new rhino.mocks.mockrepository();
           var mock = mockrepository.partialmock<myabstractclass>();
 
           using ( mockrepository.record() )
           {
               expect.call( mock.dosomething( arg<string>.is.anything ) ).return( "hi..." ).repeat.once();
           }
           using ( mockrepository.playback() )
           {
               assert.areequal( "hi..." , mock.dosomething( "salam" ) );             
           }
       }

      [testmethod]
      public void testwithaaa()
      {
          var mock = mockrepository.generatepartialmock<myabstractclass>();
 
          mock.expect( x => x.dosomething( arg<string>.is.anything ) ).return( "hi..." ).repeat.once();//arange
 
          var result = mock.dosomething( "salam" );//act
 
          assert.areequal( "hi..." , result );//assert
      }

       [testmethod]
       public void testwithaaa()
       {
           var mock = mockrepository.generatepartialmock<myabstractclass>();
 
           mock.expect( x => x.dosomething( arg<string>.is.anything ) ).return( "hi..." ).repeat.once();//arange
 
           var result = mock.dosomething( "salam" );//act
           var result2 = mock.dosomething( "bye" );//act
           assert.areequal( "hi..." , result );//assert
       }

Open source MVVM framework for ASP.NET Core and OWIN 

View

@viewModel DotvvmDemo.CalculatorViewModel, Dotvvm
    
<p>
    Enter the first number: 
    <dot:TextBox Text="{value: Number1}" />
</p>
<p>
    Enter the second number: 
    <dot:TextBox Text="{value: Number2}" />
</p>
<p>
    <dot:Button Text="Calculate" Click="{command: Calculate()}" />
</p>
<p>
    The result is: {{value: Result}}
</p>

ViewModel

using System;
    
namespace DotvvmDemo 
{
    public class CalculatorViewModel 
    {
            
        public int Number1 { get; set; }
            
        public int Number2 { get; set; }
            
        public int Result { get; set; }
            
        public void Calculate() 
        {
            Result = Number1 + Number2;
        }
    }
}

using System.Windows;
using StructureMap;

namespace WpfFramework1999.Common.MVVM
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Stitches together a view and its view-model
    /// </summary>
    public class ViewModelFactory
    {
        private readonly FrameworkElement _control;

        /// <summary>
        /// سازنده کلاس تزریق وابستگی‌ها به ویوو مدل و وهله سازی آن
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="control">وهله‌ای از شیءایی که باید کار تزریق وابستگی‌ها در آن انجام شود</param>
        public ViewModelFactory(FrameworkElement control)
        {
            _control = control;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// وهله متناظر با ویوو مدل
        /// </summary>
        public IViewModel ViewModelInstance { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// کار تزریق خودکار وابستگی‌ها و وهله سازی ویوو مدل مرتبط انجام خواهد شد
        /// </summary>        
        public void WireUp()
        {
            var viewName = _control.GetType().Name;
            var viewModelName = string.Concat(viewName, "ViewModel"); //قرار داد نامگذاری ما است

            if (!_control.IsLoaded)
            {
                _control.Loaded += (s, e) =>
                {
                    setDataContext(viewModelName);
                };
            }
            else
            {
                setDataContext(viewModelName);
            }
        }

        private void setDataContext(string viewModelName)
        {
            //کار تزریق خودکار وابستگی‌ها و وهله سازی ویوو مدل مرتبط انجام خواهد شد
            ViewModelInstance = ObjectFactory.TryGetInstance<IViewModel>(viewModelName);
            if (ViewModelInstance == null) // این صفحه ویوو مدل ندارد
                return;

            _control.DataContext = ViewModelInstance;
        }
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// ویوو مدل افزودن و مدیریت کاربران
/// </summary>
public class AddNewUserViewModel : BaseViewModel

/// <summary>
/// کلاس پایه ویوو مدل‌های برنامه که جهت علامتگذاری آن‌ها برای سیم کشی‌های تزریق وابستگی‌های برنامه نیز استفاده می‌شود
/// </summary>
public abstract class BaseViewModel : DataErrorInfoBase, INotifyPropertyChanged, IViewModel

// Add all types that implement IView into the container,
// and name each specific type by the short type name.
scan.AddAllTypesOf<IViewModel>().NameBy(type => type.Name);

 //کار تزریق خودکار وابستگی‌ها و وهله سازی ویوو مدل مرتبط انجام خواهد شد
ViewModelInstance = ObjectFactory.TryGetInstance<IViewModel>(viewModelName);

namespace WpfFramework.Infrastructure.Core
{
    /// <summary>
    /// ایجاد یک کنترل فریم سفارشی که قابلیت تزریق وابستگی‌ها را به صورت خودکار دارد
    /// به همراه اعمال مسایل راهبری برنامه که از منوی اصلی دریافت می‌شوند
    /// </summary>
    public class FrameFactory : Frame
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// در اینجا می‌شود به وهله‌ای از صفحه‌ای که قرار است اضافه گردد دسترسی یافت
        /// </summary>
        protected override void OnContentChanged(object oldContent, object newContent)
        {
            base.OnContentChanged(oldContent, newContent);

            var newPage = newContent as FrameworkElement;
            if (newPage == null)
                return;

            _currentViewModelFactory = new ViewModelFactory(newPage);
            _currentViewModelFactory.WireUp(); //کار تزریق وابستگی‌ها و وهله سازی ویوو مدل مرتبط انجام خواهد شد
        }
    }
}

public TestLocalController(
            IStringLocalizer<TestLocalController> stringLocalizer,
            IHtmlLocalizer<TestLocalController> htmlLocalizer)

private readonly IStringLocalizer _stringLocalizer;
private readonly IHtmlLocalizer _htmlLocalizer;
 
public TestLocalController(
    IStringLocalizerFactory stringLocalizerFactory,
    IHtmlLocalizerFactory htmlLocalizerFactory)
{
    _stringLocalizer = stringLocalizerFactory.Create(
        baseName: "Controllers.TestLocalController" /*مشخصات کنترلر جاری*/,
        location: "Core1RtmTestResources.ExternalResources" /*نام اسمبلی ثالث*/);
    _htmlLocalizer = htmlLocalizerFactory.Create(
        baseName: "Controllers.TestLocalController" /*مشخصات کنترلر جاری*/,
        location: "Core1RtmTestResources.ExternalResources" /*نام اسمبلی ثالث*/);
}

SELECT
    [Id], 
    (SELECT top 1  * FROM  [AppUsers] FOR XML auto),
    HASHBYTES ('SHA2_256', (SELECT top 1  * FROM  [AppUsers] FOR XML auto)) AS [hash] -- varbinary(n), since 2012
FROM
    [AppUsers]

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EFCoreRowIntegrity
{
    public interface IAuditableEntity
    {
        string Hash { set; get; }
    }

    public static class AuditableShadowProperties
    {
        public static readonly string CreatedDateTime = nameof(CreatedDateTime);
        public static readonly string ModifiedDateTime = nameof(ModifiedDateTime);
    }

    public class Blog : IAuditableEntity
    {
        public int BlogId { get; set; }
        public string Url { get; set; }

        public List<Post> Posts { get; set; }

        public string Hash { get; set; }
    }

    public class Post : IAuditableEntity
    {
        public int PostId { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string Content { get; set; }

        public int BlogId { get; set; }
        public Blog Blog { get; set; }

        public string Hash { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;

namespace EFCoreRowIntegrity
{
    public class AuditEntry
    {
        public EntityEntry EntityEntry { set; get; }
        public IList<AuditProperty> AuditProperties { set; get; } = new List<AuditProperty>();

        public AuditEntry() { }

        public AuditEntry(EntityEntry entry)
        {
            EntityEntry = entry;
        }
    }

    public class AuditProperty
    {
        public string Name { set; get; }
        public object Value { set; get; }

        public bool IsTemporary { set; get; }
        public PropertyEntry PropertyEntry { set; get; }

        public AuditProperty() { }

        public AuditProperty(string name, object value, bool isTemporary, PropertyEntry property)
        {
            Name = name;
            Value = value;
            IsTemporary = isTemporary;
            PropertyEntry = property;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace EFCoreRowIntegrity
{
    public static class HashingExtensions
    {
        public static string GenerateObjectHash(this object @object)
        {
            if (@object == null)
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }

            var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(@object, Formatting.Indented);
            using (var hashAlgorithm = new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider())
            {
                var byteValue = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonData);
                var byteHash = hashAlgorithm.ComputeHash(byteValue);
                return Convert.ToBase64String(byteHash);
            }
        }

        public static string GenerateEntityEntryHash(this EntityEntry entry, string propertyToIgnore)
        {
            var auditEntry = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            foreach (var property in entry.Properties)
            {
                var propertyName = property.Metadata.Name;
                if (propertyName == propertyToIgnore)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                auditEntry[propertyName] = property.CurrentValue;
            }
            return auditEntry.GenerateObjectHash();
        }

        public static string GenerateEntityHash<TEntity>(this DbContext context, TEntity entity, string propertyToIgnore)
        {
            return context.Entry(entity).GenerateEntityEntryHash(propertyToIgnore);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace EFCoreRowIntegrity
{
    public class BloggingContext : DbContext
    {
        public BloggingContext()
        { }

        public BloggingContext(DbContextOptions options)
            : base(options)
        { }

        public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }

        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            if (!optionsBuilder.IsConfigured)
            {
                optionsBuilder.EnableSensitiveDataLogging();
                var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "app_data", "EFCore.RowIntegrity.mdf");
                optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer($"Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=EFCore.RowIntegrity;AttachDbFilename={path};Trusted_Connection=True;");
                optionsBuilder.UseLoggerFactory(new LoggerFactory().AddConsole((message, logLevel) =>
                logLevel == LogLevel.Debug &&
                           message.StartsWith("Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command")));
            }
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);

            foreach (var entityType in modelBuilder.Model
                                                   .GetEntityTypes()
                                                   .Where(e => typeof(IAuditableEntity)
                                                   .IsAssignableFrom(e.ClrType)))
            {
                modelBuilder.Entity(entityType.ClrType)
                            .Property<DateTimeOffset?>(AuditableShadowProperties.CreatedDateTime);
                modelBuilder.Entity(entityType.ClrType)
                            .Property<DateTimeOffset?>(AuditableShadowProperties.ModifiedDateTime);
            }
        }

        public override int SaveChanges()
        {
            var auditEntries = OnBeforeSaveChanges();
            var result = base.SaveChanges();
            OnAfterSaveChanges(auditEntries);
            return result;
        }

        private IList<AuditEntry> OnBeforeSaveChanges()
        {
            var auditEntries = new List<AuditEntry>();

            foreach (var entry in ChangeTracker.Entries<IAuditableEntity>())
            {
                if (entry.State == EntityState.Detached || entry.State == EntityState.Unchanged)
                {
                    continue;
                }

                var auditEntry = new AuditEntry(entry);
                auditEntries.Add(auditEntry);

                var now = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow;

                foreach (var property in entry.Properties)
                {
                    var propertyName = property.Metadata.Name;
                    if (propertyName == nameof(IAuditableEntity.Hash))
                    {
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (property.IsTemporary)
                    {
                        // It's an auto-generated value and should be retrieved from the DB after calling the base.SaveChanges().
                        auditEntry.AuditProperties.Add(new AuditProperty(propertyName, null, true, property));
                        continue;
                    }

                    switch (entry.State)
                    {
                        case EntityState.Added:
                            entry.Property(AuditableShadowProperties.CreatedDateTime).CurrentValue = now;
                            auditEntry.AuditProperties.Add(new AuditProperty(propertyName, property.CurrentValue, false, property));
                            break;
                        case EntityState.Modified:
                            auditEntry.AuditProperties.Add(new AuditProperty(propertyName, property.CurrentValue, false, property));
                            entry.Property(AuditableShadowProperties.ModifiedDateTime).CurrentValue = now;
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }

            return auditEntries;
        }

        private void OnAfterSaveChanges(IList<AuditEntry> auditEntries)
        {
            foreach (var auditEntry in auditEntries)
            {
                foreach (var auditProperty in auditEntry.AuditProperties.Where(x => x.IsTemporary))
                {
                    // Now we have the auto-generated value from the DB.
                    auditProperty.Value = auditProperty.PropertyEntry.CurrentValue;
                    auditProperty.IsTemporary = false;
                }
                auditEntry.EntityEntry.Property(nameof(IAuditableEntity.Hash)).CurrentValue =
                    auditEntry.AuditProperties.ToDictionary(x => x.Name, x => x.Value).GenerateObjectHash();
            }
            base.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

public override int SaveChanges()
{
    var auditEntries = OnBeforeSaveChanges();
    var result = base.SaveChanges();
    OnAfterSaveChanges(auditEntries);
    return result;
}

if (property.IsTemporary)
{
   // It's an auto-generated value and should be retrieved from the DB after calling the base.SaveChanges().
   auditEntry.AuditProperties.Add(new AuditProperty(propertyName, null, true, property));
   continue;
}

private static void CheckRow1IsAuthentic()
{
    using (var context = new BloggingContext())
    {
        var blog1 = context.Blogs.Single(x => x.BlogId == 1);
        var entityHash = context.GenerateEntityHash(blog1, propertyToIgnore: nameof(IAuditableEntity.Hash));
        var dbRowHash = blog1.Hash;
        Console.WriteLine($"entityHash: {entityHash}\ndbRowHash:  {dbRowHash}");
        if (entityHash == dbRowHash)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("This row is authentic!");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("This row is tampered outside of the application!");
        }
    }
}

entityHash: P110cYquWpoaZuTpCWaqBn6HPSGdoQdmaAN05s1zYqo=
dbRowHash: P110cYquWpoaZuTpCWaqBn6HPSGdoQdmaAN05s1zYqo=
This row is authentic!

entityHash: tdiZhKMJRnROGLLam1WpldA0fy/CbjJaR2Y2jNU9izk=
dbRowHash: P110cYquWpoaZuTpCWaqBn6HPSGdoQdmaAN05s1zYqo=
This row is tampered outside of the application!

var blogs = (from blog in context.Blogs.ToList() // Note: this `ToList()` is necessary here for having Shadow properties values, otherwise they will considered `null`.
             let computedHash = context.GenerateEntityHash(blog, nameof(IAuditableEntity.Hash))
             select new
             {
               blog.BlogId,
               blog.Url,
               RowHash = blog.Hash,
               ComputedHash = computedHash,
               IsAuthentic = blog.Hash == computedHash
             }).ToList();

1. application/x-www-form-urlencoded 
   
2. multipart/form-data 
   
3. text/plain 

this.http.get(url).subscribe(result => {
        const item = result['results'][0];
        this.lat = item.geometry.location.lat;
        this.lng = item.geometry.location.lng;
        this.zoom = 15;
      }, 
      error => {}
);