• حالت ارجاع  : شماره سند یا Object Id را شامل شده و در صورتیکه به اطلاعاتی نیاز داشتید، باید اطلاعات آن را در یک درخواست جداگانه واکشی نمایید. چون مونگو شامل جوین نبوده و جوین‌ها باید در سطح اپلیکیشن مدیریت شوند.
  

• حالت جاسازی سند (یا اسناد تو در تو) Embed :  در این حالت سند مورد نظر اطلاعات سند دیگری را در درون خود نگه میدارد. در این حالت به هیچ جوینی نیازی نیست و اطلاعات وابسته، به همراه خود سند اصلی واکشی می‌شوند. این نکته باید مورد توجه قرار بگیرد که مونگو یک دیتابیس غیر اتمیک هست و در صورتیکه اصل دیتا تغییر کند، تغییر یا به روزرسانی در سندهای Embed انجام نخواهد شد و در صورت نیاز باید خودتان به طور دستی آن را کنترل نمایید.
  

{
fname:'ali',
lname:'yeganeh',
accounts:[
{
  username:"ali",
  password:"123"
},
{
  username:"reza",
  password:"456"
}
]
}

1. در این حالت در صورتیکه واکشی هر کتاب به همراه اطلاعات ناشر را نیاز داشته باشیم و یا پرس وجوهای ترکیبی نیاز باشد، در سریعترین زمان ممکن واکشی انجام خواهد شد.
   
2. درج و مدیریت آن راحت‌تر خواهد بود.
   

1. در صورتیکه اطلاعات ناشر نیاز به تغییرات اساسی داشته باشد و باید در تمامی سندها اصلاح گردد، باید تمامی اسناد مربوط به اطلاعات کتاب به روزرسانی شوند که هزینه سنگین‌تری را خواهد داشت.
   
2. دیتای تکراری زیادی ذخیره خواهد شد و در نتیجه حافظه بیشتری را میطلبد.
3. در صورتیکه تنها به اطلاعات ناشر نیاز باشد و اطلاعات ناشر در سند دیگری وجود نداشته باشد و فقط در سند کتاب وجود داشته باشد، واکشی آن هزینه سنگین‌تری را خواهد طلبید. به همین جهت توصیه میشود در صورتیکه دیتای شما می‌تواند به صورت یک موجودیت مستقل هم عمل کند، اطلاعات آن در سند دیگری که من به آن سند اصلی میگویم ذخیره شوند تا نمونه‌ها از روی آخرین ویرایش آن ساخته شوند و موقعی‌که تنها به واکشی آن اطلاعات نیاز است، همان‌ها بیرون کشیده شوند.
   

book
{
     name:'Scarlet Letter",
     Language:"English",
     Pages:124,
...,
publisher:1212121
}

Post
{
title:"C#",
body:"About C#",
tags:['C#','.Net','microsoft'],
Categories:[{name:'Programming'}],
votes:[{rate:3,user:42342},{rate:5,user:423445},...],
comments:[
{
text:"my comment1",
time:"10/2/1396",...},
...

]
}

{
POST:45453,
count:35,
comments:[...]
}

{
post:345345,
capacity:100,
count:35,
bucket:2,
comments:[...]
}

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ValuesController : ControllerBase
{
    [HttpGet("{id:int}")]
    public IActionResult Get(int id)
    {
        return Ok(id);
    }
}

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ValuesController : ControllerBase
{
    [HttpGet("{id}")]
    public IActionResult Get(int id)
    {
        // id is 0 here if you pass string.
        return Ok(id);
    }
}  

ایجاد یک Constraint سفارشی

var dialog=new BootstrapDialog();
var cancelButton=new BootstrapDialogButton("cancelButton");
//cancelButton.id="cancelButton";
cancelButton.label="Cancel";
cancelButton.Key=65;
cancelButton.Action="function(){alert('You Clicked!');}";
dialog.AddButton(cancelButton);

dialog.RemoveButton("cancelButton");

dialog.AddData("key","value");

dialog.RemoveData("key");

$( "#btnshowpopup" ).click(function() {
  @HTML.RunBootstrapDialogMethod("example1",BootstrapDialogMethods.Open)
});

$( "#btnshowpopup" ).click(function() {
  @HTML.RunBootstrapDialogMethod("example1",BootstrapDialogMethods.SetData,new{"key","value"})
});

cancelButton.Action="function(){{{0}}}";
cancelButton.Action=string.format(cancelButton.Action,RunBootstrapDialogMethod("example1",BootstrapDialogMethods.Close));

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Customer
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string FirstName { set; get; }
        public string LastName { set; get; }

        public virtual AlimentaryHabits AlimentaryHabits { set; get; }
        public virtual ICollection<CustomerAlias> Aliases { get; set; }
        public virtual ICollection<Role> Roles { get; set; }
        public virtual Address Address { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class CustomerAlias
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }        
        public string Aka { get; set; }

        public virtual Customer Customer { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Role
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Customer> Customers { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class AlimentaryHabits
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public bool LikesPasta { get; set; }
        public bool LikesPizza { get; set; }
        public int AverageDailyCalories { get; set; }

        public virtual Customer Customer { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Address
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public  string City { set; get; }
        public  string StreetAddress { set; get; }
        public  string PostalCode { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Customer> Customers { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerAliasConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<CustomerAlias>
    {
        public CustomerAliasConfig()
        {
            // one-to-many
            this.HasRequired(x => x.Customer)
                .WithMany(x => x.Aliases)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<Customer>
    {
        public CustomerConfig()
        {
            // one-to-one
            this.HasOptional(x => x.AlimentaryHabits)
                .WithRequired(x => x.Customer)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();

            // many-to-many
            this.HasMany(p => p.Roles)
                .WithMany(t => t.Customers)
                .Map(mc =>
                   {
                       mc.ToTable("RolesJoinCustomers");
                       mc.MapLeftKey("RoleId");
                       mc.MapRightKey("CustomerId");
                   });

            // many-to-one
            this.HasOptional(x => x.Address)
                .WithMany(x => x.Customers)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using EF_Sample35.Mappings;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.DataLayer
{
    public class Sample35Context : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<AlimentaryHabits> AlimentaryHabits { set; get; }
        public DbSet<Customer> Customers { set; get; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new CustomerConfig()); 
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new CustomerAliasConfig());
            
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<Sample35Context>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(Sample35Context context)
        {
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Customer
    {
        // ...
        public virtual AlimentaryHabits AlimentaryHabits { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class AlimentaryHabits
    {
        // ...
        public virtual Customer Customer { get; set; }
    }
}

Unable to determine the principal end of an association between 
the types 'EF_Sample35.Models.Customer' and 'EF_Sample35.Models.AlimentaryHabits'. 
The principal end of this association must be explicitly configured using either 
the relationship fluent API or data annotations.

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<Customer>
    {
        public CustomerConfig()
        {
            // one-to-one
            this.HasOptional(x => x.AlimentaryHabits)
                .WithRequired(x => x.Customer)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Customer
    {
        // ...
        public virtual ICollection<CustomerAlias> Aliases { get; set; }        
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class CustomerAlias
    {
        // ...
        public virtual Customer Customer { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerAliasConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<CustomerAlias>
    {
        public CustomerAliasConfig()
        {
            // one-to-many
            this.HasRequired(x => x.Customer)
                .WithMany(x => x.Aliases)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Role
    {
        // ...
        public virtual ICollection<Customer> Customers { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Customer
    {
        // ...
        public virtual ICollection<Role> Roles { get; set; }
    }
}

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[RolesJoinCustomers](
 [RoleId] [int] NOT NULL,
 [CustomerId] [int] NOT NULL,
)

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<Customer>
    {
        public CustomerConfig()
        {
            // many-to-many
            this.HasMany(p => p.Roles)
                .WithMany(t => t.Customers)
                .Map(mc =>
                   {
                       mc.ToTable("RolesJoinCustomers");
                       mc.MapLeftKey("RoleId");
                       mc.MapRightKey("CustomerId");
                   });
        }
    }
}

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Address
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public  string City { set; get; }
        public  string StreetAddress { set; get; }
        public  string PostalCode { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF_Sample35.Models
{
    public class Customer
    {
       // …
        public virtual Address Address { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using EF_Sample35.Models;

namespace EF_Sample35.Mappings
{
    public class CustomerConfig : EntityTypeConfiguration<Customer>
    {
        public CustomerConfig()
        {
            // many-to-one
            this.HasOptional(x => x.Address)
                .WithMany(x => x.Customers)
                .WillCascadeOnDelete();
        }
    }
}

class PirateName {
  ...
  String get jsonString => JSON.encode({"f": _firstName, "a": _appellation});
}

final String TREASURE_KEY = 'pirateName';

void main() {
  ...
}

void setBadgeName(PirateName newName) {
  if (newName == null) {
    return;
  }
  querySelector('#badgeName').text = newName.pirateName;
  window.localStorage[TREASURE_KEY] = newName.jsonString;
}

void setBadgeName(PirateName newName) {
  ...
}

PirateName getBadgeNameFromStorage() {
  String storedName = window.localStorage[TREASURE_KEY];
  if (storedName != null) {
    return new PirateName.fromJSON(storedName);
  } else {
    return null;
  }
}

void main() {
  ...
  setBadgeName(getBadgeNameFromStorage());
}

{ "names": [ "Anne", "Bette", "Cate", "Dawn",
        "Elise", "Faye", "Ginger", "Harriot",
        "Izzy", "Jane", "Kaye", "Liz",
        "Maria", "Nell", "Olive", "Pat",
        "Queenie", "Rae", "Sal", "Tam",
        "Uma", "Violet", "Wilma", "Xana",
        "Yvonne", "Zelda",
        "Abe", "Billy", "Caleb", "Davie",
        "Eb", "Frank", "Gabe", "House",
        "Icarus", "Jack", "Kurt", "Larry",
        "Mike", "Nolan", "Oliver", "Pat",
        "Quib", "Roy", "Sal", "Tom",
        "Ube", "Val", "Walt", "Xavier",
        "Yvan", "Zeb"],
  "appellations": [ "Awesome", "Captain",
        "Even", "Fighter", "Great", "Hearty",
        "Jackal", "King", "Lord",
        "Mighty", "Noble", "Old", "Powerful",
        "Quick", "Red", "Stalwart", "Tank",
        "Ultimate", "Vicious", "Wily", "aXe", "Young",
        "Brave", "Eager",
        "Kind", "Sandy",
        "Xeric", "Yellow", "Zesty"]}

...
  <div>
    <input type="text" id="inputName" maxlength="15" disabled>
  </div>
  <div>
    <button id="generateButton" disabled>Aye! Gimme a name!</button>
  </div>
...

import 'dart:html';
import 'dart:math' show Random;
import 'dart:convert' show JSON;

import 'dart:async' show Future;

class PirateName {
  ...
  static List<String> names = [];
  static List<String> appellations = [];
  ...
}

class PirateName {
  ...

  static Future readyThePirates() {
    var path = 'piratenames.json';
    return HttpRequest.getString(path)
        .then(_parsePirateNamesFromJSON);
  }
  
  static _parsePirateNamesFromJSON(String jsonString) {
    Map pirateNames = JSON.decode(jsonString);
    names = pirateNames['names'];
    appellations = pirateNames['appellations'];
  }
}

SpanElement badgeNameElement;

void main() {
  ...
}

void main() {
  InputElement inputField = querySelector('#inputName');
  inputField.onInput.listen(updateBadge);
  genButton = querySelector('#generateButton');
  genButton.onClick.listen(generateBadge);
  
  badgeNameElement = querySelector('#badgeName');
  ...
}

void main() {
  ...
  
  PirateName.readyThePirates()
    .then((_) {
      //on success
      inputField.disabled = false; //enable
      genButton.disabled = false;  //enable
      setBadgeName(getBadgeNameFromStorage());
    })
    .catchError((arrr) {
      print('Error initializing pirate names: $arrr');
      badgeNameElement.text = 'Arrr! No names.';
    });
}

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewBag.Country = "Iran";
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<p>
    Country : @ViewBag.Country
</p>

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    public class Employee
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }
}

using System.Web.Mvc;
using MvcApplication1.Models;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewBag.Country = "Iran";

            var employee = new Employee
            {
                 Email = "name@site.com",
                 FirstName = "Vahid",
                 LastName = "N."
            };

            return View(employee);
        }
    }
}

ViewResult View(Object model)
ViewResult View(string viewName, Object model)
ViewResult View(string viewName, string masterName, Object model)

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    Country: @ViewBag.Country <‪br />
    FirstName: @Model.FirstName
</div>

@model MvcApplication1.Models.Employee
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    Country: @ViewBag.Country
    <‪br />
    FirstName: @Model.FirstName
</div>

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace MvcApplication1.Models
{
    public class Employees 
    {
        public IList<Employee> CreateEmployees()
        {
            return new[]
                {
                    new Employee { Email = "name1@site.com", FirstName = "name1", LastName = "LastName1" },
                    new Employee { Email = "name2@site.com", FirstName = "name2", LastName = "LastName2" },
                    new Employee { Email = "name3@site.com", FirstName = "name3", LastName = "LastName3" }
                };
        }
    }
}

public ActionResult List()
{
    var employeesList = new Employees().CreateEmployees();
    return View(employeesList);
}

public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewData["DateTime"] = "<‪br/>" + DateTime.Now;
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div>
    DateTime: @ViewData["DateTime"]
</div>

@Html.Raw(myString)

<div>@MvcHtmlString.Create("<h1>HTML</h1>")</div>

public TempDataDictionary TempData { get; set; }

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcApplication1.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult InsertData(string name)
        {
            // Check for input errors.
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
            {
                TempData["error"] = "name is required.";
                return RedirectToAction("ShowError");
            }
            // No errors
            // ...
            return View();
        }

        public ActionResult ShowError()
        {
            var error = TempData["error"] as string;
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error))
            {
                ViewBag.Error = error;
            }
            return View();
        }
    }
}

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "ShowError";
}

<h2>Error</h2>

@ViewBag.Error

'MvcApplication1.Models.Employee' does not contain a definition for 'FirstName1' 
and no extension method 'FirstName1' accepting a first argument of type 'MvcApplication1.Models.Employee'
could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)
d:\Prog\MvcApplication1\MvcApplication1\Views\Home\Index.cshtml 10 MvcApplication1