اشتراک‌ها
خروجی‌های Covariant به زودی در NET runtime.

Work in progress to add support for covariant return types to the .NET runtime. Soon we'll be able to override a virtual method returning `object` with a method returning `string`. Because of how array variance works, weird things might be possible in IL. 

class Base
{
    public virtual IntPtr[] Fun() => null;
}

// This is obvious pseude-code because C# won't let us introduce methods differing
// in return type. C# also requires to be explicit about "virtual" and "override".
// But IL... not so much.
class Derived : Base
{
    // overrides Base.Fun on 32bit platforms.
    public override uint[] Fun() => null;

    // overrides Base.Fun on 64bit platforms.
    public override ulong[] Fun() => null;
}
خروجی‌های Covariant به زودی در NET runtime.
نظرات مطالب
نحوه‌ی استخراج شماره سریال سخت افزار برای تولید یک قفل سخت افزاری
می توان از این کلاس هم که در واقع بسط داده شده‌ی روش مذکور است استفاده نمود:
    public class FingerPrint
    {
        private static string fingerPrint = string.Empty;
        public static string Value()
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fingerPrint))
            {
                fingerPrint = GetHash("CPU >> " + cpuId() + "\nBIOS >> " +
            biosId() + "\nBASE >> " + baseId()
                    +"\nDISK >> "+ diskId() + "\nVIDEO >> " + 
                    videoId() +"\nMAC >> "+ macId());
            }
            return fingerPrint;
        }
        private static string GetHash(string s)
        {
            MD5 sec = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
            ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();
            byte[] bt = enc.GetBytes(s);
            return GetHexString(sec.ComputeHash(bt));
        }
        private static string GetHexString(byte[] bt)
        {
            string s = string.Empty;
            for (int i = 0; i < bt.Length; i++)
            {
                byte b = bt[i];
                int n, n1, n2;
                n = (int)b;
                n1 = n & 15;
                n2 = (n >> 4) & 15;
                if (n2 > 9)
                    s += ((char)(n2 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
                else
                    s += n2.ToString();
                if (n1 > 9)
                    s += ((char)(n1 - 10 + (int)'A')).ToString();
                else
                    s += n1.ToString();
                if ((i + 1) != bt.Length && (i + 1) % 2 == 0) s += "-";
            }
            return s;
        }


        #region Original Device ID Getting Code
        //Return a hardware identifier
        private static string identifier
        (string wmiClass, string wmiProperty, string wmiMustBeTrue)
        {
            string result = "";
            System.Management.ManagementClass mc =
        new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
            System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
            foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
            {
                if (mo[wmiMustBeTrue].ToString() == "True")
                {
                    //Only get the first one
                    if (result == "")
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
                            break;
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        //Return a hardware identifier
        private static string identifier(string wmiClass, string wmiProperty)
        {
            string result = "";
            System.Management.ManagementClass mc =
        new System.Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass);
            System.Management.ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
            foreach (System.Management.ManagementObject mo in moc)
            {
                //Only get the first one
                if (result == "")
                {
                    try
                    {
                        result = mo[wmiProperty].ToString();
                        break;
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                    }
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        private static string cpuId()
        {
            //Uses first CPU identifier available in order of preference
            //Don't get all identifiers, as it is very time consuming
            string retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "UniqueId");
            if (retVal == "") //If no UniqueID, use ProcessorID
            {
                retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "ProcessorId");
                if (retVal == "") //If no ProcessorId, use Name
                {
                    retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Name");
                    if (retVal == "") //If no Name, use Manufacturer
                    {
                        retVal = identifier("Win32_Processor", "Manufacturer");
                    }
                    //Add clock speed for extra security
                    retVal += identifier("Win32_Processor", "MaxClockSpeed");
                }
            }
            return retVal;
        }
        //BIOS Identifier
        private static string biosId()
        {
            return identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Manufacturer")
                + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SMBIOSBIOSVersion")
            + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "IdentificationCode")
                + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "SerialNumber")
                + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "ReleaseDate")
                + identifier("Win32_BIOS", "Version");
        }
        //Main physical hard drive ID
        private static string diskId()
        {
            return identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Model")
            + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Manufacturer")
            + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "Signature")
            + identifier("Win32_DiskDrive", "TotalHeads");
        }
        //Motherboard ID
        private static string baseId()
        {
            return identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Model")
            + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Manufacturer")
            + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "Name")
            + identifier("Win32_BaseBoard", "SerialNumber");
        }
        //Primary video controller ID
        private static string videoId()
        {
            return identifier("Win32_VideoController", "DriverVersion")
            + identifier("Win32_VideoController", "Name");
        }
        //First enabled network card ID
        private static string macId()
        {
            return identifier("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration",
                "MACAddress", "IPEnabled");
        }
        #endregion
    }
خروجی این کلاس Hexal است و به شکل زیر قابل استفاده می‌باشد:
/// Generates a 16 byte Unique Identification code of a computer 
/// Example: 4876-8DB5-EE85-69D3-FE52-8CF7-395D-2EA9

var computerId = FingerPrint.Value();

اشتراک‌ها
انتخاب ساختار داده مناسب در حل مشکلات

Data structure is a particular way of organizing data in a computer. The developer must choose the appropriate data structure for better performance. If the developer chooses bad data structure, the system does not perform well. This article explains the each data structure advantages and usage. 

انتخاب ساختار داده مناسب در حل مشکلات
اشتراک‌ها
مجموعه‌ی مهندسی معکوس برای همه!

This comprehensive set of reverse engineering tutorials covers x86, x64 as well as 32-bit ARM and 64-bit architectures. If you're a newbie looking to learn reversing, or just someone looking to revise on some concepts, you're at the right place. As a beginner, these tutorials will carry you from nothing upto the mid-basics of reverse engineering, a skill that everyone within the realm of cyber-security should possess. If you're here just to refresh some concepts, you can conveniently use the side bar to take a look at the sections that has been covered so far.

مجموعه‌ی مهندسی معکوس برای همه!
اشتراک‌ها
بهبودهای HttpClient در NET 5.

With .NET 5 released in November, it’s a good time to talk about some of the many improvements in the networking stack. This includes improvements around HTTP, Sockets, networking-related security, and other networking primitives. In this post, I will highlight some of the more impactful and interesting changes in the release. 

بهبودهای HttpClient در NET 5.
اشتراک‌ها
Entity Framework Core 5.0 Preview 5 منتشر شد

Database collations

The default collation for a database can now be specified in the EF model.
This will flow through to generated migrations to set the collation when the database is created.
For example:

 modelBuilder.UseCollation("German_PhoneBook_CI_AS");
Entity Framework Core 5.0 Preview 5 منتشر شد