Bash Scripting on Linux

The Bash Scripting Essentials series will teach you everything you need to know in order to write effective bash scripts in Linux. The series starts with some introductory concepts, with each episode building on the last. By the end of this series, you'll be able to write your own bash scripts! The Bash Scripting series was one of the very first tutorial series on Learn Linux TV ever, so it's basically where it all started. Now, it's been remade and brought into the modern age. The new version of this series covers everything the original version did, with additional concepts added throughout.

If you didn’t know SQLite supports CTEs (in 3.8.3 and higher), this might be an eye opener. 

These are the customer-reported issues addressed in 15.8.2:

• Publish single file context menu item missing.
• Git network operations not working: Cannot spawn git-askpass.exe.
• "Visual C++ Resource Editor Package" load failed.
• Preview Transform gives error.
• Cannot type close brace.
• Object reference not set to an instance of an object when deploying Service Fabric project after update 15.8.0.
• "The given path's format is not supported" installation error.
• Task ExpandPriContent failed. Illegal characters in path.
• "Could not create instance of type System.Collections.Genertic.Iset'1[Signer]" installer error.
• Service fabric deployment fails in 15.8.0.
• Cannot create app package for Windows store.
• Incorrect code generation for strongly-typed resources.
• Keyboard binding for Italian layout.
• IntelliSense broken #9999.
• When working on a Unity project and Unity rewrites multiple project files, the Visual Studio Tools for Unity will now automatically reload the solution.
• The customer will now get a dialog to close Office applications if they are blocking the Visual Studio install and causing a failure of 1303. 

{
    "type": "https://example.com/probs/out-of-credit",
    "title": "You do not have enough credit.",
    "detail": "Your current balance is 30, but that costs 50.",
    "instance": "/account/12345/msgs/abc",
    "status": 403,
}

var mediaType = response.Content.Headers.ContentType?.MediaType;
if (mediaType != null && mediaType.Equals("application/problem+json", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
{
   var problemDetails = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<ProblemDetails>(null, ct) ?? new ProblemDetails();
   // ...
}

[HttpPost("/sales/products/{sku}/availableForSale")]
public async Task<IActionResult> AvailableForSale([FromRoute] string sku)
{
   return Problem(
            "Product is already Available For Sale.",
            "/sales/products/1/availableForSale",
            400,
            "Cannot set product as available.",
            "http://example.com/problems/already-available");
}

HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Content-Type: application/problem+json
Content-Language: en
{
    "type": "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.5.1",
    "title": "One or more validation errors occurred.",
    "status": 400,
    "errors": {
        "User": [
            "The user name is not verified."
        ]
    }
}

namespace WebApplication.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]")]
    public class DemoController : ControllerBase
    {
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Post()
        {
            var problemDetails = new ProblemDetails
            {
                Detail = "The request parameters failed to validate.",
                Instance = null,
                Status = 400,
                Title = "Validation Error",
                Type = "https://example.net/validation-error",
            };

            problemDetails.Extensions.Add("invalidParams", new List<ValidationProblemDetailsParam>()
            {
                new("name", "Cannot be blank."),
                new("age", "Must be great or equals to 18.")
            });

            return new ObjectResult(problemDetails)
            {
                StatusCode = 400
            };
        }
    }

    public class ValidationProblemDetailsParam
    {
        public ValidationProblemDetailsParam(string name, string reason)
        {
            Name = name;
            Reason = reason;
        }

        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Reason { get; set; }
    }
}

services.AddProblemDetails();

app.UseExceptionHandler();

app.UseStatusCodePages();

app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();

builder.Services.AddProblemDetails(options =>
    options.CustomizeProblemDetails = ctx =>
            ctx.ProblemDetails.Extensions.Add("MachineName", Environment.MachineName));

public class MyErrorFeature
{
    public ErrorType Error  { get; set; }
}
​
public enum ErrorType
{
    ArgumentException
}

    [HttpGet("{value}")]
    public IActionResult MyErrorTest(int value)
    {
        if (value <= 0)
        {
            var errorType = new MyErrorFeature
            {
                Error = ErrorType.ArgumentException
            };
            HttpContext.Features.Set(errorType);
            return BadRequest();
        }
​
        return Ok(value);
    }

services.AddProblemDetails(options =>
    options.CustomizeProblemDetails = ctx =>
    {
        var MyErrorFeature = ctx.HttpContext.Features.Get<MyErrorFeature>();
​
        if (MyErrorFeature is not null)
        {
            (string Title, string Detail, string Type) details = MyErrorFeature.Error switch
            {
                ErrorType.ArgumentException =>
                (
                    nameof(ArgumentException),
                    "This is an argument-exception.",
                    "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-6.5.1"
                ),
                _ =>
                (
                    nameof(Exception),
                    "default-exception",
                    "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-6.6.1"
                )
            };
​
            ctx.ProblemDetails.Title = details.Title;
            ctx.ProblemDetails.Detail = details.Detail;
            ctx.ProblemDetails.Type = details.Type;
        }
    }
);

public class MyCustomException : Exception
{
    public MyCustomException(
        string message,
        HttpStatusCode statusCode = HttpStatusCode.BadRequest
    ) : base(message)
    {
        StatusCode = statusCode;
    }
​
    public HttpStatusCode StatusCode { get; }
}

    [HttpGet("{value}")]
    public IActionResult MyErrorTest(int value)
    {
        if (value <= 0)
        {
            throw new MyCustomException("The value should be positive!");
        }
​
        return Ok(value);
    }

app.UseExceptionHandler(exceptionHandlerApp =>
{
    exceptionHandlerApp.Run(async context =>
    {
        context.Response.ContentType = "application/problem+json";
​
        if (context.RequestServices.GetService<IProblemDetailsService>() is { } problemDetailsService)
        {
            var exceptionHandlerFeature = context.Features.Get<IExceptionHandlerFeature>();
            var exceptionType = exceptionHandlerFeature?.Error;
​
            if (exceptionType is not null)
            {
                (string Title, string Detail, string Type, int StatusCode) details = exceptionType switch
                {
                    MyCustomException MyCustomException =>
                    (
                        exceptionType.GetType().Name,
                        exceptionType.Message,
                        "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-6.5.1",
                        context.Response.StatusCode = (int)MyCustomException.StatusCode
                    ),
                    _ =>
                    (
                        exceptionType.GetType().Name,
                        exceptionType.Message,
                        "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-6.6.1",
                        context.Response.StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError
                    )
                };
​
                await problemDetailsService.WriteAsync(new ProblemDetailsContext
                {
                    HttpContext = context,
                    ProblemDetails =
                    {
                        Title = details.Title,
                        Detail = details.Detail,
                        Type = details.Type,
                        Status = details.StatusCode
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    });
});
​

Pros and cons of Database identity
Nice to work with in URLs
Limiting, as they require a trip to the database, which precludes some patterns
Can be tricky to return IDs when inserting in some cases (EF Core etc solves this)
Can cause contention in high throughput scenarios. May make scaling out impossible

Now, with this required hardware-enforced containerization and virtualization tech, Windows 11 will isolate applications and processes much more easily. It will be much more difficult for malware in an errantly running application to access resources it isn't supposed to. It will only access the resources in that specific application task that it infects, such as a particular browser tab.   

Virtual Events for Developers

While in-person conferences and events may be cancelled, there are still many online opportunities for you to stay connected. Browse the full list of virtual events to continue to grow your skills as a developer, contribute to interesting projects, and meet like-minded developers around the world.
 

وب اسمبلی چیست؟

<BlazorMode> ... </BlazorMode>
<WebAppDeploymentType> ... </WebAppDeploymentType>
 

@page "/BlazorJS"

<h3>BlazorJS</h3>

@code
{
}

<li class="nav-item px-3">
    <NavLink class="nav-link" href="BlazorJS">
        <span class="oi oi-list-rich" aria-hidden="true"></span> BlazorJS
    </NavLink>
</li>

@page "/BlazorJS"

@inject IJSRuntime JsRuntime

<h3>BlazorJS</h3>

<div class="row">
    <button class="btn btn-secondary" @onclick="TestConfirmBox">Test Confirm Button</button>
</div>
<div class="row">
    @if (ConfirmResult)
    {
        <p>Confirmation has been made!</p>
    }
    else
    {
        <p>Confirmation Pending!</p>
    }
</div>

@code {
    string ConfirmMessage = "Are you sure you want to click?";
    bool ConfirmResult;

    async Task TestConfirmBox()
    {
        ConfirmResult = await JsRuntime.InvokeAsync<bool>("confirm", ConfirmMessage);
    }
}

dotnet tool install -g Microsoft.Web.LibraryManager.Cli
libman init
libman install bootstrap --provider unpkg --destination wwwroot/lib/bootstrap
libman install jquery --provider unpkg --destination wwwroot/lib/jquery
libman install toastr --provider unpkg --destination wwwroot/lib/toastr

<head>
    <base href="~/" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/toastr/build/toastr.min.css" />

</head>
<body>
 
    <script src="lib/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script src="lib/toastr/build/toastr.min.js"></script>
    <script src="_framework/blazor.server.js"></script>
</body>

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net5.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <Target Name="DebugEnsureLibManEnv" BeforeTargets="BeforeBuild" Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == 'Debug' ">
    <!-- Ensure libman is installed -->
    <Exec Command="libman --version" ContinueOnError="true">
      <Output TaskParameter="ExitCode" PropertyName="ErrorCode" />
    </Exec>
    <Error Condition="'$(ErrorCode)' != '0'" Text="libman is required to build and run this project. To continue, please run `dotnet tool install -g Microsoft.Web.LibraryManager.Cli`, and then restart your command prompt or IDE." />
    <Message Importance="high" Text="Restoring dependencies using 'libman'. This may take several minutes..." />
    <Exec WorkingDirectory="$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)" Command="libman restore" />
  </Target>
</Project>

window.ShowToastr = (type, message) => {
  // Toastr don't work with Bootstrap 4.2
  toastr.options.toastClass = "toastr"; // https://github.com/CodeSeven/toastr/issues/599

  if (type === "success") {
    toastr.success(message, "Operation Successful", { timeOut: 20000 });
  }
  if (type === "error") {
    toastr.error(message, "Operation Failed", { timeOut: 20000 });
  }
};

    <script src="lib/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script src="lib/toastr/build/toastr.min.js"></script>
    <script src="js/common.js"></script>
    <script src="_framework/blazor.server.js"></script>
</body>

@page "/BlazorJS"

@inject IJSRuntime JsRuntime


<div class="row">
    <button class="btn btn-success" @onclick="@(()=>TestSuccess("Success Message"))">Test Toastr Success</button>
    <button class="btn btn-danger" @onclick="@(()=>TestFailure("Error Message"))">Test Toastr Failure</button>
</div>

@code {
    async Task TestSuccess(string message)
    {
        await JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("ShowToastr", "success", message);
    }

    async Task TestFailure(string message)
    {
        await JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("ShowToastr", "error", message);
    }
}

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.JSInterop;

namespace BlazorServerSample.Utils
{
    public static class JSRuntimeExtensions
    {
        public static ValueTask ToastrSuccess(this IJSRuntime JSRuntime, string message)
        {
            return JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("ShowToastr", "success", message);
        }

        public static ValueTask ToastrError(this IJSRuntime JSRuntime, string message)
        {
            return JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("ShowToastr", "error", message);
        }
    }
}

@using BlazorServerSample.Utils

async Task TestSuccess(string message)
{
   //await JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("ShowToastr", "success", message);
   await JsRuntime.ToastrSuccess(message);
}

@inject IJSRuntime JsRuntime


@code {
    // ...

    public async Task TestSuccess(string message)
    {
        await JsRuntime.ToastrSuccess(message);
    }
}

@page "/ParentComponent"

<ChildComponent
    OnClickBtnMethod="ShowMessage"
    @ref="ChildComp"
    Title="This title is passed as a parameter from the Parent Component">
    <ChildContent>
        A `Render Fragment` from the parent!
    </ChildContent>
    <DangerChildContent>
        A danger content from the parent!
    </DangerChildContent>
</ChildComponent>

<div class="row">
    <button class="btn btn-success" @onclick="@(()=>ChildComp.TestSuccess("Done!"))">Show Alert</button>
</div>


@code {
    ChildComponent ChildComp;
    // ...
}