public abstract class BaseEntity
{
    protected BaseEntity()
    {
        TrackingState = TrackingState.Nochange;
    }

    public TrackingState TrackingState { get; set; }
}

public enum TrackingState
{
    Nochange,
    Add,
    Update,
    Remove,
}

public class Customer : BaseEntity
{
    public int CustomerId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Company { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Phone> Phones { get; set; }
}

public class Phone : BaseEntity
{
    public int PhoneId { get; set; }
    public string Number { get; set; }
    public string PhoneType { get; set; }
    public int CustomerId { get; set; }
    public virtual Customer Customer { get; set; }
}

public class Recipe4Context : DbContext
{
    public Recipe4Context() : base("Recipe4ConnectionString") { }
    public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Phone> Phones { get; set; }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        // Do not persist TrackingState property to data store
        // This property is used internally to track state of
        // disconnected entities across service boundaries.
        // Leverage the Custom Code First Conventions features from Entity Framework 6.
        // Define a convention that performs a configuration for every entity
        // that derives from a base entity class.
        modelBuilder.Types<BaseEntity>().Configure(x => x.Ignore(y => y.TrackingState));
        modelBuilder.Entity<Customer>().ToTable("Customers");
        modelBuilder.Entity<Phone>().ToTable("Phones");
}
}

<connectionStrings>
  <add name="Recipe4ConnectionString"
    connectionString="Data Source=.;
    Initial Catalog=EFRecipes;
    Integrated Security=True;
    MultipleActiveResultSets=True"
    providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>

protected void Application_Start()
{
    // Disable Entity Framework Model Compatibilty
    Database.SetInitializer<Recipe1Context>(null);
    // The bidirectional navigation properties between related entities
    // create a self-referencing loop that breaks Web API's effort to
    // serialize the objects as JSON. By default, Json.NET is configured
    // to error when a reference loop is detected. To resolve problem,
    // simply configure JSON serializer to ignore self-referencing loops.
    GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter
        .SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling =
            Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
    ...
}

public static EntityState Set(TrackingState trackingState)
{
    switch (trackingState)
    {
        case TrackingState.Add:
            return EntityState.Added;
        case TrackingState.Update:
            return EntityState.Modified;
        case TrackingState.Remove:
            return EntityState.Deleted;
        default:
            return EntityState.Unchanged;
    }
}

public class CustomerController : ApiController
{
    // GET api/customer
    public IEnumerable<Customer> Get()
    {
        using (var context = new Recipe4Context())
        {
            return context.Customers.Include(x => x.Phones).ToList();
        }
    }

    // GET api/customer/5
    public Customer Get(int id)
    {
        using (var context = new Recipe4Context())
        {
            return context.Customers.Include(x => x.Phones).FirstOrDefault(x => x.CustomerId == id);
        }
    }

    [ActionName("Update")]
    public HttpResponseMessage UpdateCustomer(Customer customer)
    {
        using (var context = new Recipe4Context())
        {
            // Add object graph to context setting default state of 'Added'.
            // Adding parent to context automatically attaches entire graph
            // (parent and child entities) to context and sets state to 'Added'
            // for all entities.
            context.Customers.Add(customer);
            foreach (var entry in context.ChangeTracker.Entries<BaseEntity>())
            {
                entry.State = EntityStateFactory.Set(entry.Entity.TrackingState);
                if (entry.State == EntityState.Modified)
                {
                    // For entity updates, we fetch a current copy of the entity
                    // from the database and assign the values to the orginal values
                    // property from the Entry object. OriginalValues wrap a dictionary
                    // that represents the values of the entity before applying changes.
                    // The Entity Framework change tracker will detect
                    // differences between the current and original values and mark
                    // each property and the entity as modified. Start by setting
                    // the state for the entity as 'Unchanged'.
                    entry.State = EntityState.Unchanged;
                    var databaseValues = entry.GetDatabaseValues();
                    entry.OriginalValues.SetValues(databaseValues);
                }
            }

        context.SaveChanges();
    }

    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, customer);
}

    [HttpDelete]
    [ActionName("Cleanup")]
    public HttpResponseMessage Cleanup()
    {
        using (var context = new Recipe4Context())
        {
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("delete from phones");
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("delete from customers");
            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
        }
    }
}

                <li class="transcript-module">
                    Introduction to ASP.NET MVC 4
                    <ul>
                            <li class="transcript-clip" data-p="author=scott-allen&amp;name=mvc4-building-m1-intro&amp;mode=live&amp;clip=0&amp;course=mvc4-building"><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="LaunchPlayerWindow('http://pluralsight.com/training', 'author=scott-allen&amp;name=mvc4-building-m1-intro&amp;mode=live&amp;clip=0&amp;course=mvc4-building');">Introduction</a><br />
                                <div>
                                        <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="p(this);" data-s="1.636">Hi, this is Scott Allen and this is the first module in the course design</a>
                                </div>
                            </li>
                            <li class="transcript-clip" data-p="author=scott-allen&amp;name=mvc4-building-m1-intro&amp;mode=live&amp;clip=1&amp;course=mvc4-building"><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="LaunchPlayerWindow('http://pluralsight.com/training', 'author=scott-allen&amp;name=mvc4-building-m1-intro&amp;mode=live&amp;clip=1&amp;course=mvc4-building');">Web Platform Installer</a><br />
                                <div>
                                ...

    public class TranscriptClip
    {
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public IList<TranscriptItem> TranscriptItems { set; get; }
    }

    public class TranscriptItem
    {
        public double StartTime { set; get; }
        public string Text { set; get; }
    }

 var nodes = doc.DocumentNode.SelectNodes("//li[@class='transcript-clip']/div");

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
using HtmlAgilityPack;

namespace PluralsightTranscripts
{
    public class TranscriptClip
    {
        public string Title { set; get; }
        public IList<TranscriptItem> TranscriptItems { set; get; }
    }

    public class TranscriptItem
    {
        public double StartTime { set; get; }
        public string Text { set; get; }
    }

    public class ExtractSubtitle
    {
        public static void ConvertToSrt(string fileName)
        {
            var transcriptClips = extractItems(fileName);
            var itemNumber = 1;
            foreach (var item in transcriptClips)
            {
                transcriptClipToSrt(item, itemNumber);
                itemNumber++;
            }
        }

        private static void transcriptClipToSrt(TranscriptClip item, int itemNumber)
        {                        
            var count = item.TranscriptItems.Count;
            var srtFileContent = transcriptItemsToSrt(item.TranscriptItems, count);
            var fileName = removeIllegalCharacters(string.Format("{0}-{1}.srt", itemNumber.ToString("00"), item.Title));            
            File.WriteAllText(fileName, srtFileContent);
        }

        private static string transcriptItemsToSrt(IList<TranscriptItem> items, int count)
        {
            var lineNumber = 1;
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int row = 0; row < count; row++)
            {
                sb.AppendLine(lineNumber.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
                sb.AppendLine(getTimeLine(items, count, row));
                sb.AppendLine(items[row].Text);
                sb.AppendLine(string.Empty);
                lineNumber++;
            }
            return sb.ToString();            
        }

        private static string getTimeLine(IList<TranscriptItem> items, int count, int row)
        {
            var startTs = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(items[row].StartTime);
            var endTs = row + 1 < count ? TimeSpan.FromSeconds(items[row + 1].StartTime) : TimeSpan.FromSeconds(items[row].StartTime + 5);
            return string.Format("{0} --> {1}", timeSpanToString(startTs), timeSpanToString(endTs));
        }

        private static string timeSpanToString(TimeSpan lineTs)
        {
            return string.Format("{0}:{1}:{2},{3}", lineTs.Hours.ToString("D2"), lineTs.Minutes.ToString("D2"), lineTs.Seconds.ToString("D2"), lineTs.Milliseconds.ToString("D3"));
        }

        private static string removeIllegalCharacters(string fileName)
        {
            string regexSearch = string.Format("{0}{1}",
                                               new string(Path.GetInvalidFileNameChars()),
                                               new string(Path.GetInvalidPathChars()));
            var r = new Regex(string.Format("[{0}]", Regex.Escape(regexSearch)));
            return r.Replace(fileName, ".");
        }

        private static IList<TranscriptClip> extractItems(string fileName)
        {
            var htmlContent = File.ReadAllText(fileName);
            var results = new List<TranscriptClip>();

            var doc = new HtmlDocument
            {
                OptionCheckSyntax = true,
                OptionFixNestedTags = true,
                OptionAutoCloseOnEnd = true,
                OptionDefaultStreamEncoding = Encoding.UTF8
            };
            doc.LoadHtml(htmlContent);

            var nodes = doc.DocumentNode.SelectNodes("//li[@class='transcript-clip']/div");

            foreach (var node in nodes)
            {
                var itemsList = new List<TranscriptItem>();
                var title = node.ParentNode.ChildNodes.First(x => x.Name == "a").InnerText;

                foreach (var childNode in node.ChildNodes)
                {
                    if (childNode.Name != "a") continue;

                    var dataS = childNode.Attributes.First(x => x.Name == "data-s");
                    itemsList.Add(new TranscriptItem
                    {
                        StartTime = double.Parse(dataS.Value),
                        Text = HttpUtility.HtmlDecode(childNode.InnerText.Trim())
                    });
                }

                results.Add(new TranscriptClip { TranscriptItems = itemsList, Title = title });
            }

            return results;
        }
    }
}

 1
00:00:01,636 --> 00:00:05,616
Hi, this is Scott Allen and this is the first module in the course design

namespace NET7Reflection;

public class Person
{
    private int _age;

    internal Person(int age) => _age = age;

    private int GetAge() => _age;

    private void SetAge(int age) => _age = age;
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.4" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

using System.Reflection;
using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes;

namespace NET7Reflection;

[MemoryDiagnoser(false)]
public class Benchmarks
{
    private readonly object?[] _ageParams = { 30 };

    private readonly ConstructorInfo _ctor =
        typeof(Person).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, new[] { typeof(int) })!;

    private readonly MethodInfo _getAgeMethod =
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("GetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!;

    private readonly Person _person = new(10);

    private readonly MethodInfo _setAgeMethod =
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("SetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!;

    [Benchmark]
    public int GetAge() =>
        (int)typeof(Person).GetMethod("GetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!
                           .Invoke(_person, Array.Empty<object?>())!;

    [Benchmark]
    public int GetAgeCachedMethod() => (int)_getAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, Array.Empty<object?>())!;

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAge() =>
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("SetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!
                      .Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 });

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAgeCachedMethod() => _setAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 });

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAgeCachedMethodCachedParams() => _setAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, _ageParams);

    [Benchmark]
    public Person Ctor() =>
        (Person)typeof(Person).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, new[] { typeof(int) })!
                              .Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 })!;

    [Benchmark]
    public Person CtorCachedCtorInfo() => (Person)_ctor.Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 })!;

    [Benchmark]
    public Person CtorCachedCtorInfoCachedParams() => (Person)_ctor.Invoke(_person, _ageParams)!;
}

using BenchmarkDotNet.Running;
using NET7Reflection;

BenchmarkRunner.Run<Benchmarks>();

public class Triangle
{
    private int _height;
    private int _baseLength;

    public int Height
    {
        get { return _height; }

        set
        {
            if (value < 1 || value > 100)
            {
                // تولید خطا
            }

            _height = value;
        }
    }

    public int BaseLength
    {
        get { return _baseLength; }

        set
        {
            if (value < 1 || value > 100)
            {
                // تولید خطا
            }

            _baseLength = value;
        }
    }

    public double Area
    {
        get { return _height * _baseLength * 0.5; }
    }
}

public Triangle()
{
    _height = _baseLength = 1;
}

Triangle triangle = new Triangle();
 
Console.WriteLine(triangle.Height);
Console.WriteLine(triangle.BaseLength);
Console.WriteLine(triangle.Area);

public Triangle(int height, int baseLength)
{
    Height = height;
    BaseLength = baseLength;
}

Triangle triangle = new Triangle(5, 8);
 
Console.WriteLine(triangle.Height);
Console.WriteLine(triangle.BaseLength);
Console.WriteLine(triangle.Area);