• M مخفف  Model می‌باشد و کار مدیریت داده‌ها را بر عهده دارد.
• V مخفف View  می‌باشد و وظیفه‌ی نمایش داده‌ها به کاربر را بر عهده دارد.
• C  مخفف  Controller می‌باشد و پل ارتباطی بین Model و  View می‌باشد و مدیریت درخواست‌ها را بر عهده دارد.

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box
}

html {
  color: #444;
}

#root {
  max-width: 450px;
  margin: 2rem auto;
  padding: 0 1rem;
}

form {
  display: flex;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

[type="text"],
button {
  display: inline-block;
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  padding: .5rem 1rem;
  border: 2px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

button {
  cursor: pointer;
  background: #007bff;
  color: white;
  border: 2px solid #007bff;
  margin: 0 .5rem;
}

[type="text"] {
  width: 100%;
}

[type="text"]:active,
[type="text"]:focus {
  outline: 0;
  border: 2px solid #007bff;
}

[type="checkbox"] {
  margin-right: 1rem;
}

h1 {
  color: #222;
}

ul {
  padding: 0;
}

li {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  background: #f4f4f4;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

li span {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: .5rem;
  width: 250px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
}

li span:hover {
  background: rgba(179, 215, 255, 0.52);
}

li span:focus {
  outline: 0;
  border: 2px solid #007bff;
  background: rgba(179, 207, 255, 0.52)
}

class View {
    constructor() {}

    // ایجاد یک المنت با کلاسهای استایل دلخواه
    createElement(tag, className) {
        const element = document.createElement(tag)
        if (className) element.classList.add(className)

        return element
    }

    // DOM انتخاب و گرفتن آیتمی خاص از 
    getElement(selector) {
        const element = document.querySelector(selector)

        return element
    }
}

get _todoText() {
  return this.input.value
}

_resetInput() {
  this.input.value = ''
}

  displayTodos(todos) {
    // حذف تمام نودها
    while (this.todoList.firstChild) {
      this.todoList.removeChild(this.todoList.firstChild)
    }

    // اگر هیچ آیتمی در آرایه نبود این پاراگراف با متن پیش فرض نمایش داده میشود
    if (todos.length === 0) {
      const p = this.createElement('p')
      p.textContent = 'Nothing to do! Add a task?'
      this.todoList.append(p)
    } else {
      // وعناصرمربوطه را ایجاد میکند liاگه درون آرایه آیتمی قرار دارد پس به ازای آن یک عنصر 
      todos.forEach(todo => {
        const li = this.createElement('li')
        li.id = todo.id

        const checkbox = this.createElement('input')
        checkbox.type = 'checkbox'
        checkbox.checked = todo.complete

        const span = this.createElement('span')
        span.contentEditable = true
        span.classList.add('editable')

        if (todo.complete) {
          const strike = this.createElement('s')
          strike.textContent = todo.text
          span.append(strike)
        } else {
          span.textContent = todo.text
        }

        const deleteButton = this.createElement('button', 'delete')
        deleteButton.textContent = 'Delete'
        li.append(checkbox, span, deleteButton)

        // نود ایجاد شده به لیست اضافه میکند
        this.todoList.append(li)
      })
    }

    // برای خطایابی و نمایش در کنسول
    console.log(todos)
  }

class Controller {
  constructor(model, view) {
    this.model = model
    this.view = view

    // نمایش اطلاعات پیش فرض
    this.onTodoListChanged(this.model.todos)
  }

  onTodoListChanged = todos => {
    this.view.displayTodos(todos)
  }
}

handleAddTodo = todoText => {
  this.model.addTodo(todoText)
}

handleEditTodo = (id, todoText) => {
  this.model.editTodo(id, todoText)
}

handleDeleteTodo = id => {
  this.model.deleteTodo(id)
}

handleToggleTodo = id => {
  this.model.toggleTodo(id)
}

bindAddTodo(handler) {
  this.form.addEventListener('submit', event => {
    event.preventDefault()

    if (this._todoText) {
      handler(this._todoText)
      this._resetInput()
    }
  })
}

bindDeleteTodo(handler) {
  this.todoList.addEventListener('click', event => {
    if (event.target.className === 'delete') {
      const id = parseInt(event.target.parentElement.id)

      handler(id)
    }
  })
}

bindToggleTodo(handler) {
  this.todoList.addEventListener('change', event => {
    if (event.target.type === 'checkbox') {
      const id = parseInt(event.target.parentElement.id)

      handler(id)
    }
  })
}

this.view.bindAddTodo(this.handleAddTodo)
this.view.bindDeleteTodo(this.handleDeleteTodo)
this.view.bindToggleTodo(this.handleToggleTodo)

 this.todos = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('todos')) || []

_commit(todos) {
  this.onTodoListChanged(todos)
  localStorage.setItem('todos', JSON.stringify(todos))
}

deleteTodo(id) {
  this.todos = this.todos.filter(todo => todo.id !== id)

  this._commit(this.todos)
}

 public class UserController
 {        
        protected void OnClickCreate(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
           // call validation services
           // call create user services
        }
 }

    public class UserWebApiController
    {
        [HttpPost]
        public HttpResponseMessage Create(UserViewModel user)
        {
            // call validation services
            // call create user services
        }
    }

    // سازنده
    public class B
    {
        public static A CreateA(string name, string lastName, string job)
        {
            return new A() {
                Name =name,
                LastName = lastName,
                Job = job
            };
        }
    }
    // ایجاد شونده
    public class A
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public string Job { get; set; }
    }

    public class Context
    {
        public void Main()
        {
            var name = "Rasoul";
            var lastName = "Abbasi";
            var job = "Developer";            
            var obj = B.CreateA(name, lastName, job);
        }
    }

    class Controller
    {
        public void CreateProduct(string name, int categoryId) { }
        public void EditProduct(int id, string name) { }
        public void DeleteProduct(int id) { }
        public void CreateCategory(string name) { }
        public void EditCategory(int id, string name) { }
        public void DeleteCategory(int id) { }
    }  

    class SenderA
    {
        public Mediator mediator { get; }
        public SenderA() { mediator = new Mediator(); }
        public void Send(string message, string reciever) { mediator.Send(message, reciever); }
    }
    class SenderB
    {
        public Mediator mediator { get; }
        public SenderB() { mediator = new Mediator(); }
        public void Send(string message) { }
    }

    public class RecieverA
    {
        public void DoAction(string message)
        {
            // انجام عملیات بر اساس پیغام دریافت شده
            switch (message)
            {
                case "create":
                    break;
                case "delete":
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    public class RecieverB
    {
        public void DoAction(string message)
        {
            // انجام عملیات بر اساس پیغام دریافت شده
            switch (message)
            {
                case "edit":
                    break;
                case "rollback":
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    class Mediator
    {
        internal void Send(string message, string reciever)
        {
            switch (reciever)
            {
                case "A":
                    var recieverObjA = new RecieverA();
                    recieverObjA.DoAction(message);
                    break;
                case "B":
                    var recieverObjB = new RecieverB();
                    recieverObjB.DoAction(message);
                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    class IndirectionContext
    {
        public void Main()
        {
            var senderA = new SenderA();
            senderA.Send("rollback", "B");
            var senderB = new SenderA();
            senderB.Send("create", "A");

        }
    }

 >npm install ng2-file-upload --save

 >ng g c UploadFile/ng2-file-upload-test

import { FileUploadModule } from "ng2-file-upload";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    FileUploadModule
  ]

import { FileUploader, FileUploaderOptions } from "ng2-file-upload";
import { Ticket } from "./../ticket";

export class Ng2FileUploadTestComponent implements OnInit {
  fileUploader: FileUploader;
  model = new Ticket();

    this.fileUploader = new FileUploader(
      <FileUploaderOptions>{
        url: "api/SimpleUpload/SaveTicket",
        headers: [
          { name: "X-XSRF-TOKEN", value: this.getCookie("XSRF-TOKEN") },
          { name: "Accept", value: "application/json" }
        ],
        isHTML5: true,
        // allowedMimeType: ["image/jpeg", "image/png", "application/pdf", "application/msword", "application/zip"]
        allowedFileType: [
          "application",
          "image",
          "video",
          "audio",
          "pdf",
          "compress",
          "doc",
          "xls",
          "ppt"
        ],
        removeAfterUpload: true,
        autoUpload: false,
        maxFileSize: 10 * 1024 * 1024
      }
    );

  getCookie(name: string): string {
    const value = "; " + document.cookie;
    const parts = value.split("; " + name + "=");
    if (parts.length === 2) {
      return decodeURIComponent(parts.pop().split(";").shift());
    }
  }

    this.fileUploader.onBuildItemForm = (fileItem, form) => {
      for (const key in this.model) {
        if (this.model.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
          form.append(key, this.model[key]);
        }
      }
    };

    this.fileUploader.onCompleteAll = () => {
      // clear the form
      // this.model = new Ticket();
    };

    this.fileUploader.onWhenAddingFileFailed = (item, filter, options) => {
      // msg: `You can't select ${item.name} file because of the ${filter.name} filter.`
    };

    this.fileUploader.onErrorItem = (fileItem, response, status, headers) => {
       //
    };

    this.fileUploader.onSuccessItem = (item, response, status, headers) => {
      if (response) {
        const ticket = JSON.parse(response);
        console.log(`ticket:`, ticket);
      }
    };

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    this.fileUploader.uploadAll();

    // NOTE: Upload multiple files in one request -> https://github.com/valor-software/ng2-file-upload/issues/671
  }

<div class="container">
  <h3>Support Form(ng2-file-upload)</h3>
  <form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate>
    <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="description.invalid && description.touched">
      <label class="control-label">Description</label>
      <input #description="ngModel" required type="text" class="form-control"
        name="description" [(ngModel)]="model.description">
      <div *ngIf="description.invalid && description.touched">
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="description.errors.required">
          description is required.
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
      <label class="control-label">Screenshot(s)</label>
      <input required type="file" multiple ng2FileSelect [uploader]="fileUploader"
        class="form-control" name="screenshot">
    </div>

    <div style="margin-bottom: 10px" *ngIf="fileUploader.queue.length">
      <h3>Upload queue</h3>
      <p>Queue length: {{ fileUploader?.queue?.length }}</p>
      <table class="table">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th width="50%">Name</th>
            <th>Size</th>
            <th>Progress</th>
            <th>Status</th>
            <th>Actions</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr *ngFor="let item of fileUploader.queue">
            <td><strong>{{ item?.file?.name }}</strong></td>
            <td nowrap>{{ item?.file?.size/1024/1024 | number:'.2' }} MB</td>
            <td>
              <div class="progress" style="margin-bottom: 0;">
                <div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': item.progress + '%' }"></div>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td class="text-center">
              <span *ngIf="item.isError"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></i></span>
            </td>
            <td nowrap>
              <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" (click)="item.remove()">
                <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span> Remove
              </button>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>

      <div>
        <div>
          Queue progress:
          <div class="progress">
            <div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': fileUploader.progress + '%' }"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-s" (click)="fileUploader.clearQueue()"
          [disabled]="!fileUploader.queue.length">
          <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span> Remove all
        </button>
      </div>
    </div>

              <div class="progress" style="margin-bottom: 0;">
                <div class="progress-bar" role="progressbar" [ngStyle]="{ 'width': item.progress + '%' }"></div>
              </div>

    <button class="btn btn-primary" [disabled]="form.invalid || !fileUploader.queue.length"
      type="submit">Submit</button>
  </form>

• مقدمه

• ساختار پوشه‌های یک برنامه‌ی MVVM

• معرفی برنامه‌ی فصل

• مدل برنامه

• View برنامه

• ViewModel برنامه

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      return;
    }

> npm install ng2-toasty --save

 npm ERR! Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, rename

"styles": [
    "../node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css",
    "../node_modules/ng2-toasty/bundles/style-bootstrap.css",
    "styles.css"
],

import { ToastyModule } from "ng2-toasty";

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    ToastyModule.forRoot(),

 <ng2-toasty [position]="'top-right'"></ng2-toasty>

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";

export class ProductGroupComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    private productItemsService: ProductItemsService,
    private toastyService: ToastyService) { }

  fetchProducts(categoryId?: number) {
    console.log(categoryId);

    this.products = [];

    if (categoryId === undefined || categoryId.toString() === "undefined") {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: "Please select a category.",
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
      return;
    }

    this.productItemsService.getCategories().subscribe(
      data => {
        this.categories = data;
      },
      err => console.log("get error: ", err)
    );

> ng g cl app.error-handler

 installing class
  create src\app\app.error-handler.ts

import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  handleError(error: any): void {
    console.log("Error:", error);
  }
}

import { NgModule, ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";
import { AppErrorHandler } from "./app.error-handler";

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    { provide: ErrorHandler, useClass: AppErrorHandler }
  ]

[HttpGet("[action]/{categoryId:int}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetProducts(int categoryId)
{
   throw new Exception();

    this.productItemsService.getProducts(categoryId).subscribe(
      data => {
        this.products = data;
        this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      }// ,
      // err => {
      //   console.log("get error: ", err);
      //   this.isLoadingProducts = false;
      // }
    );

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(private toastyService: ToastyService) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);
    this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
      title: "Error!",
      msg: "Fatal error!",
      theme: "bootstrap",
      showClose: true,
      timeout: 5000
    });
  }
}

 Uncaught Error: Can't resolve all parameters for AppErrorHandler: (?).

import { ErrorHandler, Inject } from "@angular/core";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService
  ) {
  }

import { ToastyService, ToastOptions } from "ng2-toasty";
import { ErrorHandler, Inject, NgZone } from "@angular/core";
import { LocationStrategy, PathLocationStrategy } from "@angular/common";

export class AppErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

  constructor(
    @Inject(NgZone) private ngZone: NgZone,
    @Inject(ToastyService) private toastyService: ToastyService,
    @Inject(LocationStrategy) private locationProvider: LocationStrategy
  ) {
  }

  handleError(error: any): void {
    // console.log("Error:", error);

    const url = this.locationProvider instanceof PathLocationStrategy ? this.locationProvider.path() : "";
    const message = error.message ? error.message : error.toString();
    this.ngZone.run(() => {
      this.toastyService.error(<ToastOptions>{
        title: "Error!",
        msg: `URL:${url} \n ERROR:${message}`,
        theme: "bootstrap",
        showClose: true,
        timeout: 5000
      });
    });

    // IMPORTANT: Rethrow the error otherwise it gets swallowed
    // throw error;
  }
}

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

public class AsynchOperation : IAsyncResult
{
    private bool _completed;
    private Object _state;
    private AsyncCallback _callback;
    private HttpContext _context;

    bool IAsyncResult.IsCompleted { get { return _completed; } }
    WaitHandle IAsyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle { get { return null; } }
    Object IAsyncResult.AsyncState { get { return _state; } }
    bool IAsyncResult.CompletedSynchronously { get { return false; } }
}