var count = context.Facilities.Count();

var count = context.Facilities.Count(x => x.GuestCost >= 10);

var members = context.Members
                        .Where(member => member.RecommendedBy != null)
                        .GroupBy(member => member.RecommendedBy)
                        .Select(group => new
                        {
                            RecommendedBy = group.Key,
                            Count = group.Count()
                        })
                        .OrderBy(result => result.RecommendedBy)
                        .ToList();

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                    .ToList();

var date1 = new DateTime(2012, 09, 01);
var date2 = new DateTime(2012, 10, 01);

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .Where(booking => booking.StartTime >= date1
                                                        && booking.StartTime < date2)
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.TotalSlots)
                                    .ToList();

var date1 = new DateTime(2012, 01, 01);
var date2 = new DateTime(2013, 01, 01);

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .Where(booking => booking.StartTime >= date1
                                                        && booking.StartTime < date2)
                                    .GroupBy(booking => new { booking.FacId, booking.StartTime.Month })
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        group.Key.FacId,
                                        group.Key.Month,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                        .ThenBy(result => result.Month)
                                    .ToList();

var count = context.Bookings.Select(booking => booking.MemId).Distinct().Count();

var facilities = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .Where(result => result.TotalSlots > 1000)
                                    .OrderBy(result => result.FacId)
                                    .ToList();

 var facilities =
                            context.Bookings.Select(booking =>
                                new
                                {
                                    booking.Facility.Name,
                                    Revenue = booking.MemId == 0 ?
                                            booking.Slots * booking.Facility.GuestCost
                                            : booking.Slots * booking.Facility.MemberCost
                                })
                                .GroupBy(b => b.Name)
                                .Select(group => new
                                {
                                    Name = group.Key,
                                    TotalRevenue = group.Sum(b => b.Revenue)
                                })
                                .OrderBy(result => result.TotalRevenue)
                                .ToList();

var facilities =
                            context.Bookings.Select(booking =>
                                new
                                {
                                    booking.Facility.Name,
                                    Revenue = booking.MemId == 0 ?
                                            booking.Slots * booking.Facility.GuestCost
                                            : booking.Slots * booking.Facility.MemberCost
                                })
                                .GroupBy(b => b.Name)
                                .Select(group => new
                                {
                                    Name = group.Key,
                                    TotalRevenue = group.Sum(b => b.Revenue)
                                })
                                .Where(result => result.TotalRevenue < 1000)
                                .OrderBy(result => result.TotalRevenue)
                                .ToList();

var item = context.Bookings
                                    .GroupBy(booking => booking.FacId)
                                    .Select(group => new
                                    {
                                        FacId = group.Key,
                                        TotalSlots = group.Sum(booking => booking.Slots)
                                    })
                                    .OrderByDescending(result => result.TotalSlots)
                                    .FirstOrDefault();

public static void CreateUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
{
      context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Unique_" + tableName 
+ "_" + fieldName + "] ON [" + tableName + "]([" + fieldName + "] ASC);");
}

public class MyDbMigrationsConfiguration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
{
        public BlogDbMigrationsConfiguration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            CreateUniqueIndex(context, "table1", "field1");
            base.Seed(context);
        }
}

using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace General
{
    public static class ContextExtensions
    {
        public static string GetTableName<T>(this DbContext context) where T : class
        {
            ObjectContext objectContext = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext;
            return objectContext.GetTableName<T>();
        }

        public static string GetTableName<T>(this ObjectContext context) where T : class
        {
            var sql = context.CreateObjectSet<T>().ToTraceString();
            var regex = new Regex("FROM (?<table>.*) AS");
            var match = regex.Match(sql);
            string table = match.Groups["table"].Value;
            return table
                    .Replace("`", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("[", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("]", string.Empty)
                    .Replace("dbo.", string.Empty)
                    .Trim();
        }

        private static bool hasUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string indexName)
        {
            var sql = "SELECT count(*) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where table_name = '" 
                      + tableName + "' and CONSTRAINT_NAME = '" + indexName + "'";
            var result = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(sql).FirstOrDefault();
            return result > 0;
        }

        private static void createUniqueIndex(this DbContext context, string tableName, string fieldName)
        {
            var indexName = "IX_Unique_" + tableName + "_" + fieldName;
            if (hasUniqueIndex(context, tableName, indexName))
                return;

            var sql = "ALTER TABLE [" + tableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT [" + indexName + "] UNIQUE ([" + fieldName + "])";
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(sql);
        }

        public static void CreateUniqueIndex<TEntity>(this DbContext context, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> fieldName) where TEntity : class
        {
            var field = ((MemberExpression)fieldName.Body).Member.Name;
            createUniqueIndex(context, context.GetTableName<TEntity>(), field);
        }
    }
}

context.CreateUniqueIndex<User>(x=>x.Name);

public abstract class AdoMapper<T> where T : class
{
    private readonly SqlConnection _connection;
 
    protected AdoMapper(string connectionString)
    {
        _connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
    }
 
    protected virtual IEnumerable<T> ExecuteCommand(SqlCommand command)
    {
        command.Connection = _connection;
        command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
        _connection.Open();
 
        try
        {
            var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
            try
            {
                return Mapper.Map<IDataReader, IEnumerable<T>>(reader);
            }
            finally
            {
                reader.Close();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            _connection.Close();
        }
    }
 
    protected virtual T GetRecord(SqlCommand command)
    {
        command.Connection = _connection;
        _connection.Open();
        try
        {
            var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
            try
            {
                reader.Read();
                return Mapper.Map<IDataReader, T>(reader);
            }
            finally
            {
                reader.Close();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            _connection.Close();
        }
    }
 
    protected virtual IEnumerable<T> GetRecords(SqlCommand command)
    {
        command.Connection = _connection;
        _connection.Open();
        try
        {
            var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
            try
            {
                return Mapper.Map<IDataReader, IEnumerable<T>>(reader);
            }
            finally
            {
                reader.Close();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            _connection.Close();
        }
    }
}

public class UsersService : AdoMapper<User>, IUsersService
{
    public UsersService(string connectionString)
        : base(connectionString)
    {
    }
 
    public IEnumerable<User> GetAll()
    {
        using (var command = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Users"))
        {
            return GetRecords(command);
        }
    }
 
    public User GetById(int id)
    {
        using (var command = new SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Id = @id"))
        {
            command.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("id", id));
            return GetRecord(command);
        }
    }
}

public class UsersProfile : Profile
{
    protected override void Configure()
    {
        this.CreateMap<IDataRecord, User>();
    }
 
    public override string ProfileName
    {
        get { return this.GetType().Name; }
    }
}

Mapper.Initialize(cfg => // In Application_Start()
{
    cfg.AddProfile<UsersProfile>();
});

public class Advertisement
{
    public int Id { set; get; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Description { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
 
    public string TitleWithOtherName { get; set; }
}

public class AdvertisementsProfile : Profile
{
    protected override void Configure()
    {
        this.CreateMap<IDataRecord, Advertisement>()
            .ForMember(dest => dest.TitleWithOtherName,
                       options => options.MapFrom(src =>
                            src.GetString(src.GetOrdinal("Title"))));
    }
 
    public override string ProfileName
    {
        get { return this.GetType().Name; }
    }
}

    public class BlogComment
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Body { get; set; }

        public DateTime Date1 { get; set; }


        public virtual BlogComment Reply { get; set; }
        public int? ReplyId { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<BlogComment> Children { get; set; }
    }

    public class MyDBDataContext : DbContext
    {
        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(@"Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=testdb2;Integrated Security = true");
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Entity<BlogComment>(entity =>
            {
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.ReplyId);

                entity.HasOne(d => d.Reply)
                    .WithMany(p => p.Children)
                    .HasForeignKey(d => d.ReplyId);
            });
        }

        public virtual DbSet<BlogComment> BlogComments { get; set; }
    }

   public virtual BlogComment Reply { get; set; }

   public int? ReplyId { get; set; }

 public virtual ICollection<BlogComment> Children { get; set; }

    public class BlogComment
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Body { get; set; }
        public DateTime Date1 { get; set; }

        [ForeignKey("ReplyId")]
        [InverseProperty("Children")]
        public virtual BlogComment Reply { get; set; }
        public int? ReplyId { get; set; }

        [InverseProperty("Reply")]
        public virtual ICollection<BlogComment> Children { get; set; }
    }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Entity<BlogComment>(entity =>
            {
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.ReplyId);
            });
        }

var comment1 = new BlogComment { Body = "نظر من این است که" };
var comment12 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به نظر اول", Reply = comment1 };
var comment121 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به پاسخ به نظر اول", Reply = comment12 };

context.BlogComments.Add(comment121);

var comment2 = new BlogComment { Body = "نظر من این بود که" };
var comment22 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به نظر قبلی", Reply = comment2 };
var comment221 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به پاسخ به نظر من اول", Reply = comment22 };
context.BlogComments.Add(comment221);

context.SaveChanges();

var id = 1;
var childIds = new List<int>();
 
var connection = context.Database.GetDbConnection();
connection.Open();
var command = connection.CreateCommand();
command.CommandText =
    @"WITH Hierachy(ChildId, ParentId) AS (
                SELECT Id, ReplyId
                    FROM BlogComments
                UNION ALL
                SELECT h.ChildId, bc.ReplyId
                    FROM BlogComments bc
                    INNER JOIN Hierachy h ON bc.Id = h.ParentId
            )
 
            SELECT h.ChildId
                FROM Hierachy h
                WHERE h.ParentId = @Id";
command.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("id", id));
 
var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
while (reader.Read())
{
    var childId = (int)reader[0];
    childIds.Add(childId);
}
reader.Dispose();

 
var list = context.BlogComments
                .Where(blogComment => blogComment.Id == id ||
                                      childIds.Contains(blogComment.Id))
                .ToList();

exec sp_executesql N'WITH Hierachy(ChildId, ParentId) AS (
                            SELECT Id, ReplyId
                                FROM BlogComments
                            UNION ALL
                            SELECT h.ChildId, bc.ReplyId
                                FROM BlogComments bc
                                INNER JOIN Hierachy h ON bc.Id = h.ParentId
                        )

                        SELECT h.ChildId
                            FROM Hierachy h
                            WHERE h.ParentId = @Id',N'@id int',@id=1

 exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [blogComment].[Id], [blogComment].[Body], [blogComment].[Date1], [blogComment].[ReplyId]
FROM [BlogComments] AS [blogComment]
WHERE [blogComment].[Id] IN (@__id_0, 3, 5)',N'@__id_0 int',@__id_0=1

• در صورت نیاز به ویرایش (عدم استفاده از AsNoTracking) بدلیل استفاده از anonymous بجای Blog، هیچ شیء Blog ایی در ChangeTracker ثبت نخواهد شد، ولی اشیا Post در ChangeTracker ثبت می‌شوند. در نتیجه تنها 1 شیء در ChangeTracker اضافه خواهد شد.
• کد نویسی را کثیف میکند؛ مخصوصا اگر نیاز به شرط گذاری بر روی چندین Navigation Collection تو در تو را داشته باشید.

// -- IncludeFilter_EFCorePlus
var list = dbContext.Blogs
    .AsNoTracking()
    .IncludeFilter(e => e.Posts.Where(p => p.Title.Contains("test tile")))
    .ToList();

-- EF+ Query Future: 1 of 2
SELECT [b].[Id], [b].[Name]
FROM [Blogs] AS [b]
;

-- EF+ Query Future: 2 of 2
SELECT [t].[Id], [t].[BlogId], [t].[Description], [t].[Title]
FROM [Blogs] AS [b]
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT [p].[Id], [p].[BlogId], [p].[Description], [p].[Title]
    FROM [Posts] AS [p]
    WHERE CHARINDEX(N'test title', [p].[Title]) > 0
) AS [t] ON [b].[Id] = [t].[BlogId]
;

// -- FilteredInclude_EFCore5
var list = dbContext.Blogs
    .AsNoTracking()
    .Include(p => p.Posts.Where(p => p.Title.Contains("test title")))
    .ToList();

SELECT [b].[Id], [b].[Name], [t].[Id], [t].[BlogId], [t].[Description], [t].[Title]
FROM [Blogs] AS [b]
LEFT JOIN (
    SELECT [p].[Id], [p].[BlogId], [p].[Description], [p].[Title]
    FROM [Posts] AS [p]
    WHERE CHARINDEX(N'test title', [p].[Title]) > 0
) AS [t] ON [b].[Id] = [t].[BlogId]
ORDER BY [b].[Id], [t].[Id]

• این روش بسیار بهینه است و از روش قبلی (دوم) کمی سریع‌تر بوده و memory allocation کمتری (نزدیک به روش اول) دارد.
• در صورت عدم استفاده از AsNoTracking، مانند قبلی عمل میکند؛ درنتیجه تعداد 101 آبجکت به ChangeTracker اضافه خواهند شد. 
• کد نویسی تمیزتر و راحت‌تری در سمت سی شارپ دارد.
  

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Entities
{
    public class Member
    {
       // ...

        public virtual ICollection<Member> Children { get; set; }
        public virtual Member Recommender { set; get; }
        public int? RecommendedBy { set; get; }

       // ...
    }
}

var id = 27;
var entity27WithAllOfItsParents =
                        context.Members
                            .Where(member => member.MemId == id
                                            || member.Children.Any(m => member.MemId == m.RecommendedBy))
                            .ToList() //It's a MUST - get all children from the database
                            .FirstOrDefault(x => x.MemId == id);// then get the root of the tree

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Exercises.RecursiveQueries
{
    public static class RecursiveUtils
    {
        public static void FindParents(Member member, List<dynamic> actualResult)
        {
            if (member == null || member.Recommender == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            var item = member.Recommender;
            actualResult.Add(new { Recommender = item.MemId, item.FirstName, item.Surname });

            if (item.Recommender != null)
            {
                FindParents(item, actualResult);
            }
        }
    }
}

var actualResult = new List<dynamic>();
RecursiveUtils.FindParents(entity27WithAllOfItsParents, actualResult);

var id = 1;
var entity1WithAllOfItsDescendants =
                        context.Members
                            .Include(member => member.Children)
                            .Where(member => member.MemId == id
                                            || member.Children.Any(m => member.MemId == m.RecommendedBy))
                            .ToList() //It's a MUST - get all children from the database
                            .FirstOrDefault(x => x.MemId == id);// then get the root of the tree

SELECT   [m].[MemId],
         [m].[Address],
         [m].[FirstName],
         [m].[JoinDate],
         [m].[RecommendedBy],
         [m].[Surname],
         [m].[Telephone],
         [m].[ZipCode],
         [m0].[MemId],
         [m0].[Address],
         [m0].[FirstName],
         [m0].[JoinDate],
         [m0].[RecommendedBy],
         [m0].[Surname],
         [m0].[Telephone],
         [m0].[ZipCode]
FROM     [Members] AS [m]
         LEFT OUTER JOIN
         [Members] AS [m0]
         ON [m].[MemId] = [m0].[RecommendedBy]
WHERE    ([m].[MemId] = 1)
         OR EXISTS (SELECT 1
                    FROM   [Members] AS [m1]
                    WHERE  ([m].[MemId] = [m1].[RecommendedBy])
                           AND ([m].[MemId] = [m1].[RecommendedBy]))
ORDER BY [m].[MemId], [m0].[MemId];

namespace EFCorePgExercises.Exercises.RecursiveQueries
{
    public static class RecursiveUtils
    {
        public static void FindChildren(Member member, List<dynamic> actualResult)
        {
            if (member == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            foreach (var item in member.Children)
            {
                actualResult.Add(new { item.MemId, item.FirstName, item.Surname });
                if (item.Children != null)
                {
                    FindChildren(item, actualResult);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

var actualResult = new List<dynamic>();
RecursiveUtils.FindChildren(entity1WithAllOfItsDescendants, actualResult);

var searchModel = new Pupil
{
    FirstName = "Ben",
    LastName = null,
    City = null,
    PostalZipCode = null
};

List<Pupil> pupils = db.Pupils.Where(p =>
        (searchModel.FirstName == null || p.FirstName == searchModel.FirstName)
        && (searchModel.LastName == null || p.LastName == searchModel.LastName)
        && (searchModel.City == null || p.LastName == searchModel.City)
        && (searchModel.PostalZipCode == null || p.PostalZipCode == searchModel.PostalZipCode))
    .Take(100)
    .ToList()

 USE [EFSchoolSystem]
DECLARE @p__linq__0 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__0 = 'Ben'
DECLARE @p__linq__1 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__1 = 'Ben'
DECLARE @p__linq__2 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__2 = ''
DECLARE @p__linq__3 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__3 = ''
DECLARE @p__linq__4 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__4 = ''
DECLARE @p__linq__5 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__5 = ''
DECLARE @p__linq__6 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__6 = ''
DECLARE @p__linq__7 NVarChar(4000) SET @p__linq__7 = ''

-- Executed query
SELECT TOP (100)
        [Extent1].[PupilId] AS [PupilId] ,
        [Extent1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName] ,
        [Extent1].[LastName] AS [LastName] ,
        [Extent1].[Address1] AS [Address1] ,
        [Extent1].[Adderss2] AS [Adderss2] ,
        [Extent1].[PostalZipCode] AS [PostalZipCode] ,
        [Extent1].[City] AS [City] ,
        [Extent1].[PhoneNumber] AS [PhoneNumber] ,
        [Extent1].[SchoolId] AS [SchoolId] ,
        [Extent1].[Picture] AS [Picture]
FROM    [dbo].[Pupils] AS [Extent1]
WHERE   (@p__linq__0 IS NULL OR [Extent1].[FirstName] = @p__linq__1)
        AND (@p__linq__2 IS NULL OR [Extent1].[LastName] = @p__linq__3)
        AND (@p__linq__4 IS NULL OR [Extent1].[LastName] = @p__linq__5)
        AND (@p__linq__6 IS NULL OR [Extent1].[PostalZipCode] = @p__linq__7)

 if (searchModel.City == null)
{
    pupils = db.Pupils.Where(p =>
        (searchModel.FirstName == null || p.FirstName == searchModel.FirstName)
        && (searchModel.LastName == null || p.LastName == searchModel.LastName)
        && (searchModel.PostalZipCode == null || p.PostalZipCode == searchModel.PostalZipCode))
        .Take(100)
        .ToList();
}
else
{
    pupils = db.Pupils.Where(p =>
        (searchModel.FirstName == null || p.FirstName == searchModel.FirstName)
        && (searchModel.LastName == null || p.LastName == searchModel.LastName)
        && (searchModel.City == null || p.LastName == searchModel.City)
        && (searchModel.PostalZipCode == null || p.PostalZipCode == searchModel.PostalZipCode))
        .Take(100)
        .ToList();
}

public class RecompileDbCommandInterceptor : IDbCommandInterceptor
{
    public void ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext)
    {
        if(!command.CommandText.EndsWith(" option(recompile)"))
        {
            command.CommandText += " option(recompile)";
        }
    }
    //and implement other interface members
}

 var interceptor = new RecompileDbCommandInterceptor();
DbInterception.Add(interceptor);
var pupils = db.Pupils.Where(p => p.City = city).ToList();
DbInterception.Remove(interceptor);

var result = db.Pupils.AsQueryable();

if(searchModel.FirstName != null )
     result = result.Where(p => p.FirstName == searchModel.FirstName);

if(searchModel.LastName != null )
     result = result.Where(p => p.LastName == searchModel.LastName);

if(searchModel.PostalZipCode != null )
     result = result.Where(p => p.PostalZipCode == searchModel.PostalZipCode);

if(searchModel.City != null )
     result = result.Where(p => p.City == searchModel.City);

var schools = db.Schools
    .OrderBy(s => s.PostalZipCode)
    .Skip(model.Page * model.ResultsPerPage)
    .Take(model.ResultsPerPage)
    .ToList();

SELECT  text, query_plan
FROM    sys.dm_exec_cached_plans
        CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan(plan_handle)
        CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(plan_handle)

int resultsToSkip = model.Page * model.ResultsPerPage;
var schools = db.Schools
    .OrderBy(s => s.PostalZipCode)
    .Skip(() => resultsToSkip) //must pre-calculate this value
    .Take(() => model.ResultsPerPage)
    .ToList();