public enum Rainbow
    {
        Red,
        Orange,
        Yellow,
        Green,
        Blue,
        Indigo,
        Violet
    }

    class RGBColor
    {
        internal byte Red { get; }
        internal byte Green { get; }
        internal byte Blue { get; }

        internal RGBColor(byte red, byte green, byte blue)
        {
            Red = red;
            Green = green;
            Blue = blue;
        }

        public override string ToString() => $"rgb({Red}, {Green}, {Blue})";
    }

        internal static RGBColor FromRainbow(Rainbow rainbowBolor)
        {
            switch (rainbowBolor)
            {
                case Rainbow.Red:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Orange:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x7F, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Yellow:
                    return new RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Green:
                    return new RGBColor(0x00, 0xFF, 0x00);
                case Rainbow.Blue:
                    return new RGBColor(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF);
                case Rainbow.Indigo:
                    return new RGBColor(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82);
                case Rainbow.Violet:
                    return new RGBColor(0x94, 0x00, 0xD3);
                default:
                    throw new ArgumentException(message: "invalid enum value", paramName: nameof(rainbowBolor));
            };
        }

        internal static RGBColor TasteTheRainbow(Rainbow rainbowColor) =>
            rainbowColor switch
        {
            Rainbow.Red => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Orange => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x7F, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Yellow => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Green => new RGBColor(0x00, 0xFF, 0x00),
            Rainbow.Blue => new RGBColor(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF),
            Rainbow.Indigo => new RGBColor(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82),
            Rainbow.Violet => new RGBColor(0x94, 0x00, 0xD3),
            _ => throw new ArgumentException(message: "invalid enum value", paramName: nameof(rainbowColor)),
        };

var operation = "+";
int a = 1, b = 2;
var result = operation switch
{
   "+" => a + b,
   "-" => a - b,
   "/" => a / b,
     _ => throw new NotSupportedException()
};

    class Address
    {
        public string AddressLine1 { get; set; }
        public string AddressLine2 { get; set; }
        public string City { get; set; }
        public string State { get; set; }
        public string PostalCode { get; set; }
        public string CountryRegion { get; set; }
    }

    static class PropertyPatterns
    {
        internal static decimal ComputeSalesTax(
            Address location,
            decimal salePrice) =>
            location switch
        {
            { State: "Fars" } => salePrice * 0.06m,
            { State: "Tehran", City: "Tehran" } => salePrice * 0.056m,

            // Other cases removed for brevity...
            _ => 0M
        };
    }

    static class TuplePatterns
    {
        internal static string RockPaperScissors(
            string first,
            string second)
            => (first, second) switch
        {
            ("rock", "paper") => "Rock is covered by Paper. Paper wins!",
            ("rock", "scissors") => "Rock breaks Scissors. Rock wins!",
            ("paper", "rock") => "Paper covers Rock. Paper wins!",
            ("paper", "scissors") => "Paper is cut by Scissors. Scissors wins!",
            ("scissors", "rock") => "Scissors is broken by Rock. Rock wins!",
            ("scissors", "paper") => "Scissors cuts Paper. Scissors wins!",
            (_, _) => "tie"
        };
    }

    class Shape
    {
        protected internal double Height { get; }
        protected internal double Length { get; }

        protected Shape(double height = 0, double length = 0)
        {
            Height = height;
            Length = length;
        }
    }

    class Circle : Shape
    {
        internal double Radius => Height / 2;
        internal double Diameter => Radius * 2;
        internal double Circumference => 2 * Math.PI * Radius;

        internal Circle(double height = 10, double length = 10)
            : base(height, length) { }
    }

    class Rectangle : Shape
    {
        internal bool IsSquare => Height == Length;

        internal Rectangle(double height = 10, double length = 10)
            : base(height, length) { }
    }

    static class ObjectPatterns
    {
        internal static string ShapeDetails(this Shape shape)
            => shape switch
        {
            Circle c => $"circle with (C): {c.Circumference}",
            Rectangle s when s.IsSquare => $"L:{s.Length} H:{s.Height}, square",
            Rectangle r => $"L:{r.Length} H:{r.Height}, rectangle",
            _ => "Unknown shape!" // Discard
        };
    }

    class Point
    {
        public int X { get; }

        public int Y { get; }

        public Point(int x, int y) => (X, Y) = (x, y);

        public void Deconstruct(out int x, out int y) => (x, y) = (X, Y);
    }

    enum Quadrant
    {
        Unknown,
        Origin,
        One,
        Two,
        Three,
        Four,
        OnBorder
    }

    static class PositionalPatterns
    {
        internal static Quadrant AsQuadrant(Point point) => point switch
        {
            (0, 0) => Quadrant.Origin,
            var (x, y) when x > 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.One,
            var (x, y) when x < 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.Two,
            var (x, y) when x < 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Three,
            var (x, y) when x > 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Four,
            (_, _) => Quadrant.OnBorder, // Either are 0, but not both
            _ => Quadrant.Unknown
        };
    }

• Elements عناصر
  
• Sequences توالی‌ها
  

public class Permission : InfiniteEnum<Permission>
{
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> None = new(-1);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ViewRoles = new(0);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ManageRoles = new(1);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ViewUsers = new(2);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ManageUsers = new(3);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ConfigureAccessControl = new(4);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> Counter = new(5);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> Forecast = new(6);
    public static readonly Flag<Permission> ViewAccessControl = new(7);

    // We can support up to 2,147,483,647 items

}

 git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/alirezanet/InfiniteEnumFlags.git

 CREATE TABLE xmlInvoice
(
 invoiceId INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
 invoice XML
)

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1000" dept="hardware">
<CustomerName>Vahid</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>Gear</Description><Price>9.5</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1002" dept="garden">
<CustomerName>Mehdi</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>Shovel</Description><Price>19.2</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1003" dept="garden">
<CustomerName>Mohsen</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>Trellis</Description><Price>8.5</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1004" dept="hardware">
<CustomerName>Hamid</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>Pen</Description><Price>1.5</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1005" dept="IT">
<CustomerName>Ali</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>Book</Description><Price>3.2</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

INSERT INTO xmlInvoice 
VALUES('
<Invoice InvoiceId="1006" dept="hardware">
<CustomerName>Reza</CustomerName>
<LineItems>
<LineItem><Description>M.Board</Description><Price>19.5</Price></LineItem>
</LineItems>
</Invoice>
 ')

CREATE XML SCHEMA COLLECTION invoice_xsd AS
 ' <xs:schema attributeFormDefault="unqualified" 
 elementFormDefault="qualified" 
 xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="Invoice">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="CustomerName" type="xs:string" />
        <xs:element name="LineItems">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element name="LineItem">
                <xs:complexType>
                  <xs:sequence>
                    <xs:element name="Description" type="xs:string" />
                    <xs:element name="Price" type="xs:decimal" />
                  </xs:sequence>
                </xs:complexType>
              </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="InvoiceId" type="xs:unsignedShort" use="required" />
      <xs:attribute name="dept" type="xs:string" use="required" />
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>'

Go

CREATE TABLE xmlInvoice2
(
invoiceId INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
invoice XML(document invoice_xsd)
)
Go

 UPDATE STATISTICS xmlInvoice
DBCC FREEPROCCACHE

 -- query 1
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice[@InvoiceId = "1003"]') = 1

-- query 2
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice/@InvoiceId[. = "1003"]') = 1

-- query 3
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice[1]/@InvoiceId[. = "1003"]') = 1

-- query 4
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('(/Invoice/@InvoiceId)[1][. = "1003"]') = 1

-- query 5
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice[CustomerName = "Vahid"]') = 1

-- query 6
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice/CustomerName [.= "Vahid"]') = 1

-- query 7
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice/LineItems/LineItem[Description = "Trellis"]') = 1

-- query 8
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('/Invoice/LineItems/LineItem/Description [.= "Trellis"]') = 1

-- query 9
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.exist('
for $x in /Invoice/@InvoiceId
where $x = 1003
return $x
') = 1

-- query 10
SELECT * FROM xmlInvoice
WHERE invoice.value('(/Invoice/@InvoiceId)[1]', 'VARCHAR(10)') = '1003'


-- یکبار هم با جدول شماره 2 که اسکیما دارد تمام این موارد تکرار شود

UPDATE STATISTICS xmlInvoice
DBCC FREEPROCCACHE

GO

public class User
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string UserName { get; set; }


    public static List<User> GetUsers()
    {
        return new List<User>()
        {
            new()
            {
                Id = 1,
                FirstName = "علی",
                LastName = "یگانه مقدم",
                UserName = "yeganehaym"
            },
            new ()
            {
                Id = 2,
                FirstName = "وحید",
                LastName = "نصیری",
                UserName = "VahidN"
            },
        };
    }
}

[ApiController]
[Route("/api/[controller]/{id?}")]
public class UserController : ControllerBase
{

    [HttpGet]
    public User GetUser(int id)
    {
        var users = Users.User.GetUsers();
        var user = users.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == id);
        return user;
    }
}

public class Product
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Price { get; set; }
    public  int Quantity { get; set; }


    public static List<Product> GetProducts()
    {
        return new List<Product>()
        {
            new()
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "LCD",
                Price = 20000,
                Quantity = 10
            },
            new()
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "Mouse",
                Price = 320000,
                Quantity = 15
            },
            new()
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "Keyboard",
                Price = 50000,
                Quantity = 25
            },
        };
    }
}

[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ProductController : ControllerBase
{

    [HttpGet]
    public List<Product> GetProducts()
    {
        return Product.GetProducts();
    }

}

{
    "Routes":[
        
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/User/{id}",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7279"
            }
        ],
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/GetUser/{id}",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ]},
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/Product",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7261"
            }
        ],
     
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/Products",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ]
        }
    ]
    
   
}

builder.Services.AddOcelot();

app.UseOcelot();

builder.Configuration.SetBasePath(builder.Environment.ContentRootPath)    
    .AddJsonFile("ocelot.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);

builder.Configuration.SetBasePath(builder.Environment.ContentRootPath)    
    .AddJsonFile("ocelot.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true)
    .AddJsonFile($"ocelot.{builder.Environment.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);

Install-Package Ocelot.Cache.CacheManager

builder.Services.AddOcelot()
    .AddCacheManager(x => x.WithDictionaryHandle());

"FileCacheOptions":{
      "TtlSeconds":30,
       "Region":"custom"
}

{
    "Routes":[
        
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/User/{id}",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7279"
            }
        ],
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/GetUser/{id}",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ]
        },
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/Product",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7261"
            }
        ],
     
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/Products",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ],
            "FileCacheOptions":{
                "TtlSeconds":30,
                "Region":"custom"
            }
        }
    ]
    
   
}

       "RateLimitOptions":{
                "ClientWhitelist":[
                ],
                "EnableRateLimiting":true,
                "Period":"5s",
                "PeriodTimespan":1,
                "Limit":1,
                "HttpStatusCode":429
            }

{
    "Routes":[
        
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/User/{id}",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7279"
            }
        ],
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/GetUser/{id}",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ],
        "FileCacheOptions":{
            "TtlSeconds":30,
            "Region":"custom"
        }
        },
        {
        "DownstreamPathTemplate":"/api/Product",
        "DownstreamScheme":"https",
        "DownstreamHostAndPorts":[
            {
                "Host":"localhost",
                "Port":"7261"
            }
        ],
     
        "UpstreamPathTemplate":"/Products",
        "UpstreamHttpMethod":[
            "GET"
        ],
            "RateLimitOptions":{
                "ClientWhitelist":[
                ],
                "EnableRateLimiting":true,
                "Period":"5s",
                "PeriodTimespan":1,
                "Limit":1,
                "HttpStatusCode":429
            }
        }
    ],
    "DangerousAcceptAnyServerCertificateValidator": true
    
   
}

partial class MyType
{
   partial void OnModelCreating(string input); // C# 8.0

   public partial bool IsPet(string input);  // C# 9.0
}

partial class MyType
{
   public partial bool IsPet(string input) =>
     input is "dog" or "cat" or "fish";
}

• اگر عنصر جدید کوچکتر از ریشه است، با یک تابع بازگشتی عنصر جدید را به زیر درخت چپ اضافه کن.
• اگر عنصر جدید بزرگتر از ریشه است، با یک تابع بازگشتی عنصر جدید را به زیر درخت راست اضافه کن.
• اگر عنصر جدید برابر ریشه هست، هیچ کاری نکن و خارج شو.

public void Insert(T value)
{
    this.root = Insert(value, null, root);
}
 
/// <summary>
/// متدی برای افزودن عنصر به درخت
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">مقدار جدید</param>
/// <param name="parentNode">والد گره جدید</param>
/// <param name="node">گره فعلی که همان ریشه است</param>
/// <returns>گره افزوده شده</returns>
private BinaryTreeNode<T> Insert(T value,
        BinaryTreeNode<T> parentNode, BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    if (node == null)
    {
        node = new BinaryTreeNode<T>(value);
        node.parent = parentNode;
    }
    else
    {
        int compareTo = value.CompareTo(node.value);
        if (compareTo < 0)
        {
            node.leftChild =
                Insert(value, node, node.leftChild);
        }
        else if (compareTo > 0)
        {
            node.rightChild =
                Insert(value, node, node.rightChild);
        }
    }
 
    return node;
}

/// عنصر مورد نظر را جست و جوی می‌کند و اگر مخالف نال بود گره برگشتی را به تابع حذف ارسال می‌کند
public void Remove(T value)
{
    BinaryTreeNode<T> nodeToDelete = Find(value);
    if (nodeToDelete != null)
    {
        Remove(nodeToDelete);
    }
}
 
private void Remove(BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    //بررسی می‌کند که آیا دو فرزند دارد یا خیر
    // این خط باید اول همه باشد که مرحله یک و دو بعد از آن اجرا شود
    if (node.leftChild != null && node.rightChild != null)
    {
        BinaryTreeNode<T> replacement = node.rightChild;
        while (replacement.leftChild != null)
        {
            replacement = replacement.leftChild;
        }
        node.value = replacement.value;
        node = replacement;
    }
 
    // مرحله یک و دو اینجا بررسی میشه
    BinaryTreeNode<T> theChild = node.leftChild != null ?
            node.leftChild : node.rightChild;
 
    // اگر حداقل یک فرزند داشته باشد
    if (theChild != null)
    {
        theChild.parent = node.parent;
 
        // بررسی می‌کند گره ریشه است یا خیر
        if (node.parent == null)
        {
            root = theChild;
        }
        else
        {
            // جایگزینی عنصر با زیر درخت فرزندش
            if (node.parent.leftChild == node)
            {
                node.parent.leftChild = theChild;
            }
            else
            {
                node.parent.rightChild = theChild;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // کنترل وضعیت موقعی که عنصر ریشه است
        if (node.parent == null)
        {
            root = null;
        }
        else
        {
            // اگر گره برگ است آن را حذف کن
            if (node.parent.leftChild == node)
            {
                node.parent.leftChild = null;
            }
            else
            {
                node.parent.rightChild = null;
            }
        }
    }
}

public void PrintTreeDFS()
{
    PrintTreeDFS(this.root);
    Console.WriteLine();
}
 

private void PrintTreeDFS(BinaryTreeNode<T> node)
{
    if (node != null)
    {
        PrintTreeDFS(node.leftChild);
        Console.Write(node.value + " ");
        PrintTreeDFS(node.rightChild);
    }
}