mydomain.com/Home/Index
mydomain.com/home/index
mydomain.com/Home/index
mydomain.com/home/Index

using System.Globalization;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace WebToolkit
{
    public class ForceWww : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            modifyUrlAndRedirectPermanent(filterContext);
            base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        }

        private static void modifyUrlAndRedirectPermanent(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            if (canIgnoreRequest(filterContext))
                return;

            var absoluteUrl = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.AbsoluteUri.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
            var absoluteUrlToLower = absoluteUrl.ToLowerInvariant();

            absoluteUrlToLower = forceWwwAndLowercase(filterContext, absoluteUrlToLower);
            absoluteUrlToLower = avoidTrailingSlashes(filterContext, absoluteUrlToLower);

            if (!absoluteUrl.Equals(absoluteUrlToLower))
            {
                filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult(absoluteUrlToLower, permanent: true);
            }
        }

        private static string avoidTrailingSlashes(ActionExecutingContext filterContext, string absoluteUrlToLower)
        {
            if (!isRootRequest(filterContext) && absoluteUrlToLower.EndsWith("/"))
                return absoluteUrlToLower.TrimEnd(new[] { '/' });

            return absoluteUrlToLower;
        }

        private static bool isRootRequest(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            return filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.AbsolutePath == "/";
        }

        private static bool canIgnoreRequest(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            return filterContext.IsChildAction || 
                   filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest() ||
                   filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.AbsoluteUri.Contains("?");
        }

        private static string forceWwwAndLowercase(ActionExecutingContext filterContext, string absoluteUrlToLower)
        {
            if (isLocalRequet(filterContext))
                return absoluteUrlToLower;

            if (absoluteUrlToLower.Contains("www"))
                return absoluteUrlToLower;

            return absoluteUrlToLower.Replace("http://", "http://www.")
                                     .Replace("https://", "https://www.");
        }

        private static bool isLocalRequet(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            return filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.IsLocal;
        }
    }
}

 public class VegaContext : DbContext, IUnitOfWork, IDbContext
    {
#region Constructors (2) 

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes the <see cref="VegaContext" /> class.
        /// </summary>
        static VegaContext()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer<VegaContext>(null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="VegaContext" /> class.
        /// </summary>
        public VegaContext() : base("LocalSqlServer") { }

#endregion Constructors 

#region Properties (2) 

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the languages.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>
        /// The languages.
        /// </value>
        public DbSet<Language> Languages { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the resources.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>
        /// The resources.
        /// </value>
        public DbSet<Resource> Resources { get; set; }

#endregion Properties 

#region Methods (2) 

// Public Methods (1) 

        /// <summary>
        /// Setups the specified model builder.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="modelBuilder">The model builder.</param>
        public void Setup(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            //todo
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new ResourceMap());
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new LanguageMap());
            modelBuilder.Entity<Resource>().ToTable("Vega_Languages_Resources");
            modelBuilder.Entity<Language>().ToTable("Vega_Languages_Languages");
            //base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
// Protected Methods (1) 

        /// <summary>
        /// This method is called when the model for a derived context has been initialized, but
        /// before the model has been locked down and used to initialize the context.  The default
        /// implementation of this method does nothing, but it can be overridden in a derived class
        /// such that the model can be further configured before it is locked down.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="modelBuilder">The builder that defines the model for the context being created.</param>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Typically, this method is called only once when the first instance of a derived context
        /// is created.  The model for that context is then cached and is for all further instances of
        /// the context in the app domain.  This caching can be disabled by setting the ModelCaching
        /// property on the given ModelBuidler, but note that this can seriously degrade performance.
        /// More control over caching is provided through use of the DbModelBuilder and DbContextFactory
        /// classes directly.
        /// </remarks>
        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new ResourceMap());
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new LanguageMap());
            modelBuilder.Entity<Resource>().ToTable("Vega_Languages_Resources");
            modelBuilder.Entity<Language>().ToTable("Vega_Languages_Languages");
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }

#endregion Methods 

        #region IUnitOfWork Members
        /// <summary>
        /// Sets this instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public new IDbSet<TEntity> Set<TEntity>() where TEntity : class
        {
            return base.Set<TEntity>();
        }
        #endregion
    }

public class LoadContexts
    {
        public LoadContexts()
        {
            var directoryPath = HttpRuntime.BinDirectory;//AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory; //"Dll folder path";

            var directoryCatalog = new DirectoryCatalog(directoryPath, "*.dll");

            var aggregateCatalog = new AggregateCatalog();
            aggregateCatalog.Catalogs.Add(directoryCatalog);

            var container = new CompositionContainer(aggregateCatalog);
            container.ComposeParts(this);
        }

        //[Import]
        //public IPlugin Plugin { get; set; }

        [ImportMany]
        public IEnumerable<IDbContext> Contexts { get; set; }
    }

public class MainContext : DbContext, IUnitOfWork
    {
        public MainContext() : base("LocalSqlServer") { }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
            var contextList = new LoadContexts(); //ObjectFactory.GetAllInstances<IDbContext>();
            foreach (var context in contextList.Contexts)
                context.Setup(modelBuilder);

            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MainContext, Configuration>());
            //Database.SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseAlways<MainContext>());
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets this instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity">The type of the entity.</typeparam>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IDbSet<TEntity> Set<TEntity>() where TEntity : class
        {
            return base.Set<TEntity>();
        }
    }

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace Sample
{
    public class BlogPost
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        [StringLength(maximumLength: 450, MinimumLength = 1), Required]
        public string Title { set; get; }

        [MaxLength]
        public string Body { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { set; get; } // many-to-many

        public BlogPost()
        {
            Tags = new List<Tag>();
        }
    }

    public class Tag
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        [StringLength(maximumLength: 450), Required]
        public string Name { set; get; }

        public virtual ICollection<BlogPost> BlogPosts { set; get; } // many-to-many

        public Tag()
        {
            BlogPosts = new List<BlogPost>();
        }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<BlogPost> BlogPosts { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            var tag1 = new Tag { Name = "Tag1" };
            context.Tags.Add(tag1);

            var post1 = new BlogPost { Title = "Title...1", Body = "Body...1" };
            context.BlogPosts.Add(post1);

            post1.Tags.Add(tag1);

            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());

            using (var ctx = new MyContext())
            {
                var post1 = ctx.BlogPosts.Find(1);
                if (post1 != null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(post1.Title);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

    public class TagMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Tag>
    {
        public TagMap()
        {
            this.HasMany(x => x.BlogPosts)
                .WithMany(x => x.Tags)
                .Map(map =>
                    {
                        map.MapLeftKey("TagId");
                        map.MapRightKey("BlogPostId");
                        map.ToTable("BlogPostsJoinTags");
                    });
        }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<BlogPost> BlogPosts { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Tag> Tags { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new TagMap());
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }

            using (var ctx = new MyContext())
            {
                var post1 = ctx.BlogPosts.Find(1);
                if (post1 != null)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(post1.Title);
                    foreach (var tag in post1.Tags.ToList())
                        post1.Tags.Remove(tag);
                    ctx.SaveChanges();
                }
            }

                var post1 = ctx.BlogPosts.Find(1);
                if (post1 != null)
                {
                    ctx.BlogPosts.Remove(post1);
                    ctx.SaveChanges();
                }

                var post1 = ctx.BlogPosts.Find(1);
                if (post1 != null)
                {
                    var tag2 = new Tag { Name = "Tag2" };                    
                    post1.Tags.Add(tag2);
                    ctx.SaveChanges();
                }

                //نام تگ‌های دریافتی از کاربر  
                var tagsList = new[] { "Tag1", "Tag2", "Tag3" };

                //بارگذاری یک مطلب به همراه تگ‌های آن
                var post1 = ctx.BlogPosts.Include(x => x.Tags).FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == 1);
                if (post1 != null)
                {
                    //ابتدا کلیه تگ‌های موجود را حذف خواهیم کرد
                    if (post1.Tags != null && post1.Tags.Any())
                        post1.Tags.Clear();

                    //سپس در طی فقط یک کوئری بررسی می‌کنیم کدامیک از موارد ارسالی موجود هستند
                    var listOfActualTags = ctx.Tags.Where(x => tagsList.Contains(x.Name)).ToList();
                    var listOfActualTagNames = listOfActualTags.Select(x => x.Name.ToLower()).ToList();

                    //فقط موارد جدید به تگ‌ها و ارتباطات موجود اضافه می‌شوند
                    foreach (var tag in tagsList)
                    {
                        if (!listOfActualTagNames.Contains(tag.ToLowerInvariant().Trim()))
                        {
                            ctx.Tags.Add(new Tag { Name = tag.Trim() });
                        }
                    }
                    ctx.SaveChanges(); // ثبت موارد جدید

                    //موارد قبلی هم حفظ می‌شوند
                    foreach (var item in listOfActualTags)
                    {
                        post1.Tags.Add(item);
                    }
                    ctx.SaveChanges();
                }

SELECT
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id],
[Extent1].[Name] AS [Name]
FROM [dbo].[Tags] AS [Extent1]
WHERE [Extent1].[Name] IN (N'Tag1',N'Tag2',N'Tag3')

 ctx.BlogPosts.Where(p => p.Id == 1).Include(p => p.Tags).FirstOrDefault()

var posts = from p in ctx.BlogPosts
                 from t in p.Tags
                 where t.Name == "Tag1"
                 select p;

 var posts = ctx.Tags.Where(x => x.Name == "Tag1").SelectMany(x => x.BlogPosts);

        private static void disposedContext()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("Posts count: " + context.BlogPosts.Count());
            }
        }

        private static void nonDisposedContext()
        {
            var context = new MyContext();
            Debug.WriteLine("Posts count: " + context.BlogPosts.Count());
        }

using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception;

namespace EFNonDisposedContext.Core
{
    public class DatabaseInterceptor : IDbConnectionInterceptor
    {
        public void Closed(DbConnection connection, DbConnectionInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
        {
            Connections.AddOrUpdate(connection, ConnectionStatus.Closed);
        }

        public void Disposed(DbConnection connection, DbConnectionInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
        {
            Connections.AddOrUpdate(connection, ConnectionStatus.Disposed);
        }

        public void Opened(DbConnection connection, DbConnectionInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
        {
            Connections.AddOrUpdate(connection, ConnectionStatus.Opened);
        }
      
        // the rest of the IDbConnectionInterceptor methods ...

    }
}

    public enum ConnectionStatus
    {
        None,
        Opened,
        Closed,
        Disposed
    }

    public class ConnectionInfo
    {
        public string ConnectionId { set; get; }
        public string StackTrace { set; get; }
        public ConnectionStatus Status { set; get; }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("{0}:{1} [{2}]",ConnectionId, Status, StackTrace);
        }
    }