using System;

namespace Refactoring.Day4.RemoveDuplication.Before
{
    public class PersonalRecord
    {
        public DateTime DateArchived { get; private set; }
        public bool Archived { get; private set; }

        public void ArchiveRecord()
        {
            Archived = true;
            DateArchived = DateTime.Now;
        }

        public void CloseRecord()
        {
            Archived = true;
            DateArchived = DateTime.Now;
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace Refactoring.Day4.RemoveDuplication.After
{
    public class PersonalRecord
    {
        public DateTime DateArchived { get; private set; }
        public bool Archived { get; private set; }

        public void ArchiveRecord()
        {
            switchToArchived();
        }

        public void CloseRecord()
        {
            switchToArchived();
        }

        private void switchToArchived()
        {
            Archived = true;
            DateArchived = DateTime.Now;
        }
    }
}

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace Core3xSharedResource.Models.Account
{
    public class RegisterModel
    {
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter an email address")] // -->> from the shared resources
        [EmailAddress(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a valid email address")] // -->> from the shared resources
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "The {0} field is required")]
        [Display(Name = "User Name")]
        public string UserName { get; set; }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<root>
  <data name="Please enter an email address" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>لطفا ایمیلی را وارد کنید</value>
  </data>
  <data name="Please enter a valid email address" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>لطفا ایمیل معتبری را وارد کنید</value>
  </data>
  <data name="The {0} field is required" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>{0} را تکمیل کنید</value>
  </data>
  <data name="User Name" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>نام کاربری</value>
  </data>
</root>

    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="4.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Annotations" Version="4.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Filters" Version="4.5.2" />

    public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
    {
        public static void AddCustomSwagger(this IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddSwaggerGen(options =>
            {
                options.EnableAnnotations();
                options.DocumentFilter<AuthenticationDocumentFilter>();
                options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Version = "v1", Title = "Test API" });
            });
        }
        public static void UseSwaggerAndUI(this IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            app.UseSwagger();
            app.UseSwaggerUI(options =>
            {
                options.DocExpansion(DocExpansion.None);
                options.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "Test API Docs");
            });
        }
    }

        public void Apply(SwaggerDocument swaggerDoc, DocumentFilterContext context)
        {
            if (!httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
            {
                foreach (var item in swaggerDoc.Paths)
                {
                    item.Value.Post = null;
                    item.Value.Put = null;
                }
            }
        }

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
            services.AddAuthorization();
            services.AddAuthentication(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
                .AddCookie(options=>
            {
                options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Login";
                options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
                options.LoginPath = "/Login";
                options.LogoutPath = "/Login";
                options.ExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(15);
                options.SlidingExpiration = true;
                options.Cookie.IsEssential = true;
                options.ReturnUrlParameter = "returnUrl";
            });
            services.AddMvc();
            services.AddCustomSwagger();
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseSwaggerAndUI();
            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                          name: "default",
                          template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }

1. کلاس توسعه‌دهنده و تابع توسه‌دهنده باید استاتیک باشند.
2. در داخل آرگومان تابع، کلمه کلیدی this  استفاده می‌‎‎شود.
3. بعد از this عنوان کلاسی که قصد توسعه آن را داریم، ذکر می‌کنیم.
4. در هرجا که خواستیم از قابلیت تعمیم داده شده استفاده کنیم باید فضای نام مربوط به آن را ذکر کنیم.
5. با کلمه کلیدی static  نمی‎توان کلاسی با متدهایvirtual  ، abstract  و override را توسعه داد. 
   

مثلا اگر قصد داریم به کلاس String  تابع AddPrefix  را اضافه کنیم به این شکل عمل می‌‎کنیم :

public static class  ExtendingString
{
  public static  string  AddPrefix(this   string  arg)
  {
     return String.Format("prefix{0}",arg);
  } 
} 

که نحوه استفاده از آن به شکل زیر است: 

string  s = "Student";
Console.WriteLine(s.AddPrefix());

و خروجی آن نمایش prefixStudent است. 

اگر بخواهیم عبارت پیشوند را از طریق آرگومان ارسال کنیم به این شکل عمل می‎کنیم: 

public static class ExtendingString   
{
    public static string AddPrefix(this   string arg, string prefix)
    {
         return String.Format("{0}{1}", prefix, arg);
     }
} 

که نحوه استفاده از آن به شکل زیر است: 

var  s = "Student";
Console.WriteLine(s.AddPrefix("tbl"));

و خروجی آن نمایش tblStudent است.

به عنوان مثال دوم کلاس زیر را در نظر بگیرید: 

public class Test 
{
     public int AddOne(int val)
     {
         return val + 1;
     }
  }

اگر بخواهیم کلاس فوق را توسعه داده و متد دیگری مثلا با عنوان AddTwo اضافه کنیم، کلاس توسعه دهنده را به این شکل می‌نویسیم:

public static class ExtendingTest   
{
     public static int AddTwo(this   Test  arg, int val)
     {
         return val + 2;
     }
}

و روش استفاده از آن بصورت زیر است: 

static void Main(string[] args)
{
       var x = new Test();
       Console.WriteLine(x.AddOne(10));
       Console.WriteLine(x.AddTwo(10));
       Console.Read();
}

public class CustomRouteConstraint : IRouteConstraint

ViewEngine.ViewLocationFormats= "~/Views/{controller}/{action}.cshtml"

"~/Themes/{ThemeName}/Views/{controller}/{action}.cshtml"

   public static void Themeable(this VirtualPathProviderViewEngine engine)
        {
            var ThemePath = "~/Themes";
            var ThemeName = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MvcTheme"];
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ThemeName))
                return;

            var themeFolder = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(string.Format("{0}/{1}/", ThemePath, ThemeName));
            if (!Directory.Exists(themeFolder))
                throw new DirectoryNotFoundException(string.Format("Theme folder not exists: {0}/{1}}", ThemePath,
                    ThemeName));

            var newViewLocations = new[]
            {
                string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/{2}/{3}.cshtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{1}", "{0}"),
                string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/Shared/{2}.cshtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{0}"),
                 
                // vb.net :
                // string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/{2}/{3}.vbhtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{1}", "{0}"),
                // string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/Shared/{2}.vbhtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{0}"),
            };
            engine.ViewLocationFormats = newViewLocations;
            engine.PartialViewLocationFormats = newViewLocations;
        }

  <appSettings>
 ...
    <add key="MvcTheme" value="Test1" />
  </appSettings>

ViewEngines.Engines.OfType<RazorViewEngine>().Single().Themeable();

@{
    // Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
    Layout = "~/themes/test1/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}

    public class ThemeBundle
    {
        public BundleType BundleType { get; set; }
        public string VirtualPath { get; set; }
        public string[] Urls { get; set; }
    }

    public enum BundleType
    {
        Style, Script
    }

    public class BundleConfig
    {        
        public static void RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles)
        {
            if (MvcTheme.ThemeName != null)
            {
                MvcTheme.RegisterThemeBundels(bundles); 
                return;
            }

            bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jquery").Include(
                        "~/Scripts/jquery-{version}.js"));

            bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jqueryval").Include(
                        "~/Scripts/jquery.validate*"));
...
}
}

[
  {
    "BundleType": "Script",
    "VirtualPath": "~/themes/test1/js/jquery",
    "Urls": [ "~/themes/test1/js/jquery-1.10.2.js" ]
  },
  {
    "BundleType": "Script",
    "VirtualPath": "~/themes/test1/js/jqueryval",
    "Urls": [ "~/themes/test1/js/jquery.validate.js",
               "~/themes/test1/js/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js" ]
  },
  {
    "BundleType": "Script",
    "VirtualPath": "~/themes/test1/js/modernizr",
    "Urls": [ "~/themes/test1/js/modernizr-2.6.2.js" ]
  },
  {
    "BundleType": "Script",
    "VirtualPath": "~/themes/test1/js/bootstrap",
    "Urls": [ "~/themes/test1/js/bootstrap.js",
              "~/themes/test1/js/respond.js" ]
  },
  {
    "BundleType": "Style",
    "VirtualPath": "~/themes/test1/css/css",
    "Urls": [ "~/themes/test1/css/bootstrap.css",
              "~/themes/test1/css/site.css" ]
  }
]

 Themes
├───Test1
│    │ThemeBundle.json
│    ├───Css
│    ├───Fonts
│    ├───Images
│    ├───Js
│    └───Views
├───Test2
│    │ThemeBundle.json
│    ├───Css
│    ├───Fonts
│    ├───Images
│    ├───Js
│    └───Views

  public static class MvcTheme
    {
 
        public static string ThemeName { get; }
        public static string ThemePath { get; set; }
        private const string AppSettingName = "MvcTheme";
        private const string ThemeBundleFileName = "ThemeBundle.json";

        static MvcTheme()
        {
            ThemePath = "~/Themes";
            ThemeName = WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings[AppSettingName];
        }

        public static void Themeable(this VirtualPathProviderViewEngine engine)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ThemeName))
                return;

            var themeFolder = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(string.Format("{0}/{1}/", ThemePath, ThemeName));
            if (!Directory.Exists(themeFolder))
                throw new DirectoryNotFoundException(string.Format("Theme folder not exists: {0}/{1}}", ThemePath,
                    ThemeName));

            var newViewLocations = new[]
            { 
                string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/{2}/{3}.cshtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{1}", "{0}"), 
                string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/Shared/{2}.cshtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{0}"),
                              
                // vb.net :
                // string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/{2}/{3}.vbhtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{1}", "{0}"),
                // string.Format("{0}/{1}/Views/Shared/{2}.vbhtml", ThemePath, ThemeName, "{0}"),

            };
            engine.ViewLocationFormats = newViewLocations;
            engine.PartialViewLocationFormats = newViewLocations; 
        }

        public static void RegisterThemeBundels(BundleCollection bundles)
        {
            if(ThemeName == null)
                return;

            var list = ReadThemeBundles();

            foreach (var themeBundle in list)
            {
                switch (themeBundle.BundleType)
                {
                    case BundleType.Script:
                        bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle(themeBundle.VirtualPath).Include(
                            themeBundle.Urls));
                        break;
                    case BundleType.Style:
                        bundles.Add(new StyleBundle(themeBundle.VirtualPath).Include(
                            themeBundle.Urls));
                        break;
                    default:
                        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(themeBundle.BundleType));
                }
            }
        }

        public static List<ThemeBundle> ReadThemeBundles()
        {
            try
            {
                JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                var jsonaddress =
                    System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(string.Format("{0}/{1}/{2}", ThemePath, ThemeName, ThemeBundleFileName));
                var json = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(jsonaddress);
                var list = jss.Deserialize<List<ThemeBundle>>(json);

                return list;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(string.Format("Cannot read {0}. see more error in inner exception.", ThemeBundleFileName), ex);
            }
        }
    }

    public class ThemeBundle
    {
        public BundleType BundleType { get; set; }
        public string VirtualPath { get; set; }
        public string[] Urls { get; set; }
    }

    public enum BundleType
    {
        Style, Script
    }

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModels
{
    public class MainWindowViewModel
    {
        public string SomeText { set; get; }
        public MainWindowViewModel()
        {
            SomeText = "Data ...";
        }
    }
}

using WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModels;

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator
{
    public class ViewModelLocatorBase
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel MainWindowVm
        {
            get { return new MainWindowViewModel(); }
        }
    }
}

<Application x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:vml="clr-namespace:WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <vml:ViewModelLocatorBase x:Key="ViewModelLocatorBase" />
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Window x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"        
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid DataContext="{Binding Path=MainWindowVm, Source={StaticResource ViewModelLocatorBase}}">
        <TextBlock Text="{Binding SomeText}" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator
{
    public class ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            //مقدار در اینجا همان مشخصات ویوو است
            if (value == null) return null;
            string viewTypeName = value.GetType().Name;

            //قرار داد ما است
            //ViewModel Name = ViewName + "ViewModel"
            string viewModelName = string.Concat(viewTypeName, "ViewModel");

            //یافتن اسمبلی که حاوی ویوو مدل ما است
            var asms = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
            var viewModelAsmName = "WpfViewModelLocator"; //نام پروژه مرتبط
            var viewModelAsm = asms.Where(x => x.FullName.Contains(viewModelAsmName)).First();

            //یافتن این کلاس ویوو مدل مرتبط
            var viewModelType = viewModelAsm.GetTypes().Where(x => x.FullName.Contains(viewModelName)).FirstOrDefault();
            if (viewModelType == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Could not find view model '{0}'", viewModelName));

            //وهله سازی خودکار آن
            return Activator.CreateInstance(viewModelType);
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

<Application x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:vml="clr-namespace:WpfViewModelLocator.ViewModelLocator"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <vml:ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter x:Key="ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter" />
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Window x:Class="WpfViewModelLocator.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"                
        DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, 
                              Converter={StaticResource ViewModelLocatorBaseConverter}}"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid>
        <TextBlock Text="{Binding SomeText}" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
    </Grid>
</Window>