namespace System
{
    public interface IServiceProvider
    {
        object GetService(Type serviceType);
    }
}

using System;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;

namespace CoreIocServices
{
    public interface IProductService
    {
        void Delete(int id);
    }

    public class ProductService : IProductService
    {
        private readonly ITestService _testService;
        private readonly ILogger<ProductService> _logger;

        public ProductService(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            _testService = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ITestService>();
            _logger = serviceProvider.GetService<ILogger<ProductService>>() ?? NullLogger<ProductService>.Instance;
        }

        public void Delete(int id)
        {
            _testService.Run();
            _logger.LogInformation($"Deleted a product with id = {id}");
        }
    }
}

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection
{
    public static class ServiceProviderServiceExtensions
    {
        public static T GetRequiredService<T>(this IServiceProvider provider);
        public static T GetService<T>(this IServiceProvider provider);
    }
}

• از کلمه کلیدی this برای نعریف Indexer استفاده می‌شود و یک Indexer نام ندارد.
  
• از دستیاب get برای برگرداندن مقدار و از دستیاب set جهت مقدار دهی و انتساب استفاده می‌شود.
  
• الزامی به پیاده سازی Indexer با مقادیر صحیح عددی نیست و شما می‌توانید Indexer ی با پارامترهایی از نوع string یا double داشته باشید.
  
• Indexer‌ها قابلیت سربارگذاری (overloaded) دارند.
  
• Indexer‌ها می‌توانند چندین پارامتری باشند مانند آرایه‌های دو بعدی که دو پارامتری هستند.
  

Command Line:
tsc --target ES5 --experimentalDecorators --emitDecoratorMetadata

tsconfig.json:
{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target": "ES5",
        "experimentalDecorators": true,
        "emitDecoratorMetadata": true
    }
}

 // A simple decorator
@decoratorExpression
class MyClass { }

function decoratorExpression(target) {
   // Add a property on target
   target.annotated = true;
}

 function ClassDecorator(
target: Function // The class the decorator is declared on
) {
    console.log("ClassDecorator called on: ", target);
}

@ClassDecorator
class ClassDecoratorExample {
}

 function ClassDecoratorParams(param1: number, param2: string) {
return function(
  target: Function // The class the decorator is declared on
  ) {
   console.log("ClassDecoratorParams(" + param1 + ", '" + param2 + "') called on: ", target);
}
}

@ClassDecoratorParams(1, "a")
@ClassDecoratorParams(2, "b")
class ClassDecoratorParamsExample {
}

 ClassDecoratorParams(2, 'b') called on: function ClassDecoratorParamsExample() {
}
ClassDecoratorParams(1, 'a') called on: function ClassDecoratorParamsExample() {
}

 function PropertyDecorator(
target: Object, // The prototype of the class
propertyKey: string | symbol // The name of the property
) {
   console.log("PropertyDecorator called on: ", target, propertyKey);
}

class PropertyDecoratorExample {
@PropertyDecorator
name: string;
}

 PropertyDecorator called on: PropertyDecoratorExample {} name

 function MethodDecorator(
target: Object, // The prototype of the class
propertyKey: string, // The name of the method
descriptor: TypedPropertyDescriptor<any>
) {
console.log("MethodDecorator called on: ", target, propertyKey, descriptor);
}

class MethodDecoratorExample {
   @MethodDecorator
   method() {
   }
}

 MethodDecorator called on: MethodDecoratorExample { method: [Function] } method { value: [Function],
writable: true,
enumerable: true,
configurable: true }

 function TypeRestrictedMethodDecorator(
target: Object, // The prototype of the class
propertyKey: string, // The name of the method
descriptor: TypedPropertyDescriptor<(num: number) => number>
) {
   console.log("TypeRestrictedMethodDecorator called on: ", target, propertyKey, descriptor);
}

class TypeRestrictedMethodDecoratorExample {
   @TypeRestrictedMethodDecorator
   method(num: number): number {
      return 0;
   }
}

 TypeRestrictedMethodDecorator called on: TypeRestrictedMethodDecoratorExample { method: [Function] } method { value: [Function],
writable: true,
enumerable: true,
configurable: true }

 function StaticMethodDecorator(
target: Function, // the function itself and not the prototype
propertyKey: string | symbol, // The name of the static method
descriptor: TypedPropertyDescriptor<any>
) {
   console.log("StaticMethodDecorator called on: ", target, propertyKey, descriptor);
}

class StaticMethodDecoratorExample {
   @StaticMethodDecorator
   static staticMethod() {
   }
}

 StaticMethodDecorator called on: function StaticMethodDecoratorExample() {
} staticMethod { value: [Function],
writable: true,
enumerable: true,
configurable: true }

 function ParameterDecorator(
target: Function, // The prototype of the class
propertyKey: string | symbol, // The name of the method
parameterIndex: number // The index of parameter in the list of the function's parameters
) {
   console.log("ParameterDecorator called on: ", target, propertyKey, parameterIndex);
}

class ParameterDecoratorExample {
   method(@ParameterDecorator param1: string, @ParameterDecorator param2: number) {
   }
}

 ParameterDecorator called on: ParameterDecoratorExample { method: [Function] } method 1
ParameterDecorator called on: ParameterDecoratorExample { method: [Function] } method 0

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Listing_01 {

class Listing_01 {

static void Main(string[] args) {
  Task.Factory.StartNew(() => {
         Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
  });

  // wait for input before exiting
  Console.WriteLine("Main method complete. Press enter to finish.");
  Console.ReadLine();
 }
}

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Threading;

Task.Factory.StartNew(() => {
   Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
});

Main method complete. Press enter to finish.

Hello World

Task task1 = new Task(new Action(printMessage));

Task task2 = new Task(delegate {
   printMessage();
});

Task task3 = new Task(() => printMessage());

Task task4 = new Task(() => {
   printMessage();
});

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Listing_02 {

class Listing_02 {

static void Main(string[] args) {

   // use an Action delegate and a named method
   Task task1 = new Task(new Action(printMessage));

   // use a anonymous delegate
   Task task2 = new Task(delegate {
   printMessage();
});

  // use a lambda expression and a named method
  Task task3 = new Task(() => printMessage());

  // use a lambda expression and an anonymous method
  Task task4 = new Task(() => {
    printMessage();
  });
  task1.Start();
  task2.Start();
  task3.Start();
  task4.Start();

  // wait for input before exiting
  Console.WriteLine("Main method complete. Press enter to finish.");
  Console.ReadLine();
 }

 static void printMessage() {
  Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
  }
 }
}

Main method complete. Press enter to finish.

Hello World

Hello World

Hello World

Hello World

• کنترل فیلدهایی که قصد داریم توسط Gridify پشتیبانی شوند
• تغییر نام فیلد در رشته string برای جستجو
• تغییر مقدار وارد شده در جستجو، قبل از اعمال فیلترینگ توسط Mapper Convertor
• اضافه کردن پشتیبانی از پراپرتی‌های کلاس‌های فرزند (Child Classes)
• پشتیبانی از DTO آبجکت‌ها با پراپرتی‌های متفاوت

var customMappings = new GridifyMapper<Person>();

var customMappings = new GridifyMapper<Person>(true);

var result = _dbContext.Persons.Gridify(filter , customMappings);

customMappings.AddMap("name", q => q.FullName );

var customMappings = new GridifyMapper<Person>()
                         .GenerateMappings()
                         .RemoveMap("Password");

var customMappings = new GridifyMapper<Person>()
                     .AddMap("name" , q=> q.FullName , q => q.ToLower() )

var gm = new GridifyMapper<Person>().GenerateMappings();
gm.AddMap("date", g => g.BrithDate , q => q == "null" ? null : q);

 @Html.ActionLink("text", "Index", "Home")

 @Html.ActionLink("text", result: MVC.Home.Index())

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.Futures

  <system.web.webPages.razor>
    <host  />
    <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
      <namespaces>
        <!-- سایر تعاریف -->
        <add namespace="Microsoft.Web.Mvc"/> <!-- این سطر اضافه شود -->
      </namespaces>
    </pages>
  </system.web.webPages.razor>

 The primary reference "Microsoft.Web.Mvc" could not be resolved because it was built against the
".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" framework. This is a higher version than the currently targeted framework ".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"

 public static System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString ActionLink<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, string linkText)

public static System.Web.Mvc.MvcHtmlString ActionLink<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, string linkText, object htmlAttributes)

 @(Html.ActionLink<HomeController>(action => action.Index(id: 1), "Test"))

 public static void RenderAction<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

public static System.Web.Mvc.Html.MvcForm BeginForm<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.HtmlHelper helper,
System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action, System.Web.Mvc.FormMethod method,
System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<string,object> htmlAttributes)

 @{ Html.RenderAction<HomeController>(action => action.Index(id: 1)); }

 @using (Html.BeginForm<HomeController>(action => action.Index(null)))
{
}

 public static string BuildUrlFromExpression<TController>(System.Web.Routing.RequestContext context,
System.Web.Routing.RouteCollection routeCollection, System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

public static System.Web.Mvc.RedirectToRouteResult RedirectToAction<TController>(this System.Web.Mvc.Controller
controller, System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Action<TController>> action)

using System.Web.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Web.Mvc;

namespace MVC5Basic.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var link = LinkBuilder.BuildUrlFromExpression<HomeController>(
                            this.Request.RequestContext, null, action => action.About());

            this.RedirectToAction<HomeController>(action => action.About());
            return View();
        }

        public ActionResult About()
        {
            ViewBag.Message = "Your application description page.";

            return View();
        }
    }
}

 PM> Install-Package Twitter.BootstrapRTL

 PM> Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Optimization;

namespace Mvc4TwitterBootStrapTest.Helper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// A custom bundle orderer (IBundleOrderer) that will ensure bundles are 
    /// included in the order you register them.
    /// </summary>
    public class AsIsBundleOrderer : IBundleOrderer
    {
        public IEnumerable<FileInfo> OrderFiles(BundleContext context, IEnumerable<FileInfo> files)
        {
            return files;
        }
    }

    public static class BundleConfig
    {
        private static void addBundle(string virtualPath, bool isCss, params string[] files)
        {
            BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;

            var existing = BundleTable.Bundles.GetBundleFor(virtualPath);
            if (existing != null)
                return;

            Bundle newBundle;
            if (HttpContext.Current.IsDebuggingEnabled)
            {
                newBundle = new Bundle(virtualPath);
            }
            else
            {
                newBundle = isCss ? new Bundle(virtualPath, new CssMinify()) : new Bundle(virtualPath, new JsMinify());
            }
            newBundle.Orderer = new AsIsBundleOrderer();

            foreach (var file in files)
                newBundle.Include(file);

            BundleTable.Bundles.Add(newBundle);
        }

        public static IHtmlString AddScripts(string virtualPath, params string[] files)
        {
            addBundle(virtualPath, false, files);
            return Scripts.Render(virtualPath);
        }

        public static IHtmlString AddStyles(string virtualPath, params string[] files)
        {
            addBundle(virtualPath, true, files);
            return Styles.Render(virtualPath);
        }

        public static IHtmlString AddScriptUrl(string virtualPath, params string[] files)
        {
            addBundle(virtualPath, false, files);
            return Scripts.Url(virtualPath);
        }

        public static IHtmlString AddStyleUrl(string virtualPath, params string[] files)
        {
            addBundle(virtualPath, true, files);
            return Styles.Url(virtualPath);
        }
    }
}

@using Mvc4TwitterBootStrapTest.Helper
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    @BundleConfig.AddStyles("~/Content/css",
                            "~/Content/bootstrap.css",
                            "~/Content/bootstrap-responsive.css",
                            "~/Content/Site.css"
                            )
    @BundleConfig.AddScripts("~/Scripts/js",
                            "~/Scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js",
                            "~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js",
                            "~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js",
                            "~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js",
                            "~/Scripts/bootstrap.min.js"
                            )
    @RenderSection("JavaScript", required: false)
</head>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Index</title>
    <link href="/Content/css?v=vsUQD0OJg4AJ-RZH8jSRRCu_rjl2U1nZrmSsaUyxoAc1" rel="stylesheet"/>
    <script src="/Scripts/js?v=GezdoTDiWY3acc3mI2Ujm_7nKKzh6Lu1Wr8TGyyLpW41"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div>
        <div>
            <h1>
                Title Title
            </h1>
            Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text
        </div>
        <div>
            @RenderBody()
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

<body>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="span7">
            <h1>
                Title Title
            </h1>
            Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text
        </div>
        <div  class="span5">
            @RenderBody()
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
<h2>
    Index</h2>
<div class="hero-unit">
    <h2>@ViewBag.Message</h2>
    <p>
        This is a template to demonstrate the way to beautify the default MVC template
        using Twitter Bootstrap website. It is pretty simple and easy.</p>
    <p>
        <a href="http://asp.net/mvc" class="btn btn-primary btn-large" style="color: White;">
            To learn more about ASP.NET MVC visit &raquo;</a></p>
</div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
        <div class="span1">1</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="span3">3</div>
        <div class="span4">4</div>
        <div class="span5">5</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="span5">5</div>
        <div class="span7">7</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="span3">3</div>
        <div class="span7 offset2">7 offset 2</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="span12">12</div>
    </div>

[class*="span"]
{
background-color: lightblue;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 15px;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) {
    .hidden-desktop {
        display: inherit !important;
    }

    <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="row-fluid">
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="visible-phone">
                    visible-phone</div>
            </div>
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="visible-tablet">
                    visible-tablet</div>
            </div>
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="visible-desktop">
                    visible-desktop</div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="container-fluid">
        <div class="row-fluid">
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="hidden-phone">
                    hidden-phone</div>
            </div>
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="hidden-tablet">
                    hidden-tablet</div>
            </div>
            <div class="span4">
                <div class="hidden-desktop">
                    hidden-desktop</div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>