• Lead Function:

1. Scalar_expression: در Scalar_expression، نام یک فیلد یا ستون درج می‌شود، و مقدار برگشتی فیلد مورد نظر، به مقدار تعیین شده offset نیز بستگی دارد. خروجی Scalar_expression فقط یک مقدار است.
2. offset: منظور از Offset در این Syntax همانند عملکرد Offset در Syntax مربوط به Over می‌باشد. یعنی هر عددی برای offset در نظر گرفته شود، بیانگر نقطه آغازین سطر بعدی یا قبلی نسبت به سطر جاری است. به بیان دیگر، عدد تعیین شده در Offset به Sql server می‌فهماند چه تعداد سطر را در محاسبه در نظر نگیرد.
3. Default: زمانی که برای Offset مقداری را تعیین می‌نمایید، SQL Server به تعداد تعیین شده در Offset، سطر‌ها را در نظر نمی‌گیرد، بنابراین مقدار خروجی Scalar_expression بطور پیش فرض Null در نظر گرفته می‌شود، چنانچه بخواهید، مقداری غیر از Null درج نمایید، می‌توانید مقدار دلخواه را در قسمت Default وارد کنید.
4. (OVER ( [ partition_by_clause ] order_by_clause : در بخش اول بطور کامل توضیح داده شده است.
   

SELECT 
    DB_NAME(dbid) as DBName, 
    COUNT(dbid) as NumberOfConnections,
    loginame as LoginName
FROM
    sys.sysprocesses
WHERE 
    dbid > 0
GROUP BY 
    dbid, loginame

 SELECT * FROM table1 WHERE OrderDate ='12 Mar 2004'

SET @SQL = 'SELECT * FROM table2 WHERE OrderDate = ' + '''' + @Var + ''''
EXEC (@SQL)

  --Forced
ALTER DATABASE dbName SET PARAMETERIZATION FORCED

--Simple
ALTER DATABASE dbName SET PARAMETERIZATION SIMPLE

 use dbName;
-- Optimizing for Ad hoc Workloads
exec sp_configure 'show advanced options',1;
RECONFIGURE;
go
exec sp_configure 'optimize for ad hoc workloads',1;
RECONFIGURE;
Go

 -- Simple term
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'data');

 -- Simple term - phrase
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'"data warehouse"');

 -- Simple terms with logical OR
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'data OR index');

 -- Simple terms with logical AND NOT
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'data AND NOT mining');

 -- Simple terms with mny logical operators, order defined with parentheses
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'data OR (fact AND warehouse)');

 -- Prefix
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'"add*"');

 -- Simple proximity
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'NEAR(problem, data)');

 -- Proximity with max distance 5 words
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'NEAR((problem, data),5)');

-- Proximity with max distance 1 word
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'NEAR((problem, data),1)');

 -- Proximity with max distance and order
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'NEAR((problem, data),5, TRUE)');
GO

 SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS((docexcerpt,doccontent), N'data');

 -- Inflectional forms

-- The next query does not return any rows
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'presentation');

-- The next query returns a row
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'FORMSOF(INFLECTIONAL, presentation)');
GO

 C:\...\MSSQL11.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\FTData

<XML ID="Microsoft Search Thesaurus">
    <thesaurus xmlns="x-schema:tsSchema.xml">
<diacritics_sensitive>0</diacritics_sensitive>
        <expansion>
            <sub>Internet Explorer</sub>
            <sub>IE</sub>
            <sub>IE5</sub>
        </expansion>
        <replacement>
            <pat>NT5</pat>
            <pat>W2K</pat>
            <sub>Windows 2000</sub>
        </replacement>
        <expansion>
            <sub>run</sub>
            <sub>jog</sub>
        </expansion>
        <expansion>
            <sub>need</sub>
            <sub>necessity</sub>
        </expansion>
    </thesaurus>
</XML>

 -- Load the US English file
EXEC sys.sp_fulltext_load_thesaurus_file 1033;
GO

 -- Synonyms

-- The next query does not return any rows
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'need');

-- The next query returns a row
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(docexcerpt, N'FORMSOF(THESAURUS, need)');
GO

 -- Document properties
SELECT id, title, docexcerpt
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE CONTAINS(PROPERTY(doccontent,N'Authors'), N'Test');

 -- FREETEXT
SELECT *
FROM dbo.Documents
WHERE FREETEXT(docexcerpt, N'data presentation need');

SQL Server 2022 T-SQL Enhancements 

var userName = "user 1";
var user = context.Users.FromSql($"select top 1 * from Users where name = {userName} ").FirstOrDefault();
if (user != null)
{
   Console.WriteLine(user.Name);
}

SELECT TOP(1) [u].[UserId], [u].[IsAdmin], [u].[Name]
FROM (
    select top 1 * from Users where name = @p0
) AS [u]

var sql = $"select top 1 * from Users where name = {userName} ";
user = context.Users.FromSql(sql).FirstOrDefault();
if (user != null)
{
   Console.WriteLine(user.Name);
}

 .SqlException: Incorrect syntax near '1'

 public static IQueryable<TEntity> FromSql<TEntity>(this IQueryable<TEntity> source, FormattableString sql) where TEntity : class;

 var sql = $"select top 1 * from Users where name = '{userName}' ";

SELECT TOP(1) [u].[UserId], [u].[IsAdmin], [u].[Name]
FROM (
   select top 1 * from Users where name = 'user 1'
) AS [u]

 -- Full text Languages
SELECT *
FROM sys.fulltext_languages
ORDER BY name;

-- Semantic Search Languages
SELECT *
FROM sys.fulltext_semantic_languages
ORDER BY name;
GO

 -- Rank with CONTAINSTABLE
SELECT D.id, D.title, CT.[RANK], D.docexcerpt
FROM CONTAINSTABLE(dbo.Documents, docexcerpt,
N'data OR level') AS CT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON CT.[KEY] = D.id
ORDER BY CT.[RANK] DESC;

 SELECT * FROM CONTAINSTABLE(dbo.Documents, docexcerpt, N'data OR level')

 -- Rank with FREETEXTTABLE
SELECT D.id, D.title, FT.[RANK], D.docexcerpt
FROM FREETEXTTABLE (dbo.Documents, docexcerpt,
N'data level') AS FT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON FT.[KEY] = D.id
ORDER BY FT.[RANK] DESC;

 -- Rank with FREETEXTTABLE and top_n_by_rank
SELECT D.id, D.title, FT.[RANK], D.docexcerpt
FROM FREETEXTTABLE (dbo.Documents, docexcerpt,
N'data level', 2) AS FT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON FT.[KEY] = D.id
ORDER BY FT.[RANK] DESC;

 -- Weighted terms
SELECT D.id, D.title, CT.[RANK], D.docexcerpt
FROM CONTAINSTABLE
(dbo.Documents, docexcerpt,
N'ISABOUT(data weight(0.8), level weight(0.2))') AS CT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON CT.[KEY] = D.id
ORDER BY CT.[RANK] DESC;

 -- Proximity term
SELECT D.id, D.title, CT.[RANK]
FROM CONTAINSTABLE (dbo.Documents, doccontent,
N'NEAR((data, row), 30)') AS CT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON CT.[KEY] = D.id
ORDER BY CT.[RANK] DESC;
GO

 -- Top 100 semantic key phrases
SELECT TOP (100)
 D.id, D.title,
 SKT.column_id,
 COL_NAME(OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.Documents'), SKT.column_id) AS column_name,
 SKT.document_key,
 SKT.keyphrase, SKT.score
FROM SEMANTICKEYPHRASETABLE
(dbo.Documents, doccontent) AS SKT
 INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
  ON SKT.document_key = D.id
ORDER BY SKT.score DESC;

 -- Documents that are similar to document 1
SELECT S.source_document_title,
 SST.matched_document_key,
 D.title AS matched_document_title,
 SST.score
FROM
 (SEMANTICSIMILARITYTABLE
  (dbo.Documents, doccontent, 1) AS SST
  INNER JOIN dbo.Documents AS D
ON SST.matched_document_key = D.id)
 CROSS JOIN
  (SELECT title FROM dbo.Documents WHERE id=1)
AS S(source_document_title)
ORDER BY SST.score DESC;

 -- Key phrases that are common across two documents
SELECT SSDT.keyphrase, SSDT.score
FROM SEMANTICSIMILARITYDETAILSTABLE
(dbo.Documents, doccontent, 1,
doccontent, 4) AS SSDT
ORDER BY SSDT.score DESC;