private static void createPdfFile(string pdfFile)
        {
            using (var fs = new FileStream(pdfFile, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
            {
                using (var doc = new Document(PageSize.A4))
                {
                    using (var witier = PdfWriter.GetInstance(doc, fs))
                    {
                        doc.Open();
                        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
                        {
                            doc.NewPage();
                            doc.Add(new Paragraph(String.Format("This is page {0}", i)));
                        }
                        doc.Close();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private static void addWatermark(string pdfFile, string watermarkedFile, string watermarkText)
        {
            FontFactory.Register("c:\\windows\\fonts\\tahoma.ttf");
            var tahoma = FontFactory.GetFont("Tahoma", BaseFont.IDENTITY_H, 40, Font.NORMAL, BaseColor.BLACK);

            var reader = new PdfReader(pdfFile);
            using (var fileStream = new FileStream(watermarkedFile, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
            {
                using (var stamper = new PdfStamper(reader, fileStream))
                {
                    int pageCount = reader.NumberOfPages;
                    for (int i = 1; i <= pageCount; i++)
                    {
                        var rect = reader.GetPageSize(i);
                        var cb = stamper.GetUnderContent(i);
                        var gState = new PdfGState();
                        gState.FillOpacity = 0.25f;
                        cb.SetGState(gState);

                        ColumnText.ShowTextAligned(
                            canvas: cb,
                            alignment: Element.ALIGN_CENTER,
                            phrase: new Phrase(watermarkText, tahoma),
                            x: rect.Width / 2,
                            y: rect.Height / 2,
                            rotation: 45f,
                            runDirection: PdfWriter.RUN_DIRECTION_LTR,
                            arabicOptions: 0);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private static void removeWatermark(string watermarkedFile, string unwatermarkedFile)
        {
            PdfReader.unethicalreading = true;
            PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(watermarkedFile);
            reader.RemoveUnusedObjects();
            int pageCount = reader.NumberOfPages;
            for (int i = 1; i <= pageCount; i++)
            {
                var page = reader.GetPageN(i);
                PdfDictionary resources = page.GetAsDict(PdfName.RESOURCES);
                PdfDictionary extGStates = resources.GetAsDict(PdfName.EXTGSTATE);
                if (extGStates == null)
                    continue;

                foreach (PdfName name in extGStates.Keys)
                {
                    var obj = extGStates.Get(name);
                    PdfDictionary extGStateObject = (PdfDictionary)PdfReader.GetPdfObject(obj);
                    var stateNumber = extGStateObject.Get(PdfName.ca_);
                    if (stateNumber == null)
                        continue;

                    var caNumber = (PdfNumber)PdfReader.GetPdfObject(stateNumber);
                    if (caNumber.FloatValue != 1f)
                    {
                        extGStateObject.Remove(PdfName.ca_);
                        //با تنظیم مقدار به صفر، نامرئی خواهد شد
                        extGStateObject.Put(PdfName.ca_, new PdfNumber(0f));
                    }
                }
            }

            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(unwatermarkedFile, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
            {
                using (PdfStamper stamper = new PdfStamper(reader, fs))
                {
                    stamper.SetFullCompression();
                    stamper.Close();
                }
            }
        }

            $("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
                // ...
                pageable: {
                    previousNext: true, // default true
                    numeric: true, // default true
                    buttonCount: 5, // default 10
                    refresh: true, // default false
                    input: true, // default false
                    pageSizes: true // default false
                },

 <!--https://github.com/loudenvier/kendo-global/blob/master/lang/kendo.fa-IR.js-->
<script src="js/messages/kendo.fa-IR.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

            var productsDataSource = new kendo.data.DataSource({
                // ...
                group: { field: "IsAvailable" },
                // ...
            });

$("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
// ...
groupable: true, // allows the user to alter what field the grid is grouped by
// ...

            var productsDataSource = new kendo.data.DataSource({
                //...
                aggregate: [
                    { field: "Name", aggregate: "count" },
                    { field: "Price", aggregate: "sum" }
                ]
                //...
            });

            $("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
                // ...
                columns: [
                    {
                        field: "Name", title: "نام محصول",
                        footerTemplate: "تعداد: #=count#"
                    },
                    {
                        field: "Price", title: "قیمت",
                        footerTemplate: "جمع: #=kendo.toString(sum,'c0')#"
                    }
                ]
                // ...
            });

    <script type="text/x-kendo-template" id="priceTemplate">
        #if( Price > 2490 ) {#
        <span style="background:brown; color:yellow;">#=kendo.toString(Price,'c0')#</span>
        #} else {#
        #= kendo.toString(Price,'c0')#
        #}#
    </script>

            $("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
                //...
                columns: [
                    {
                        field: "Price", title: "قیمت",
                        template: kendo.template($("#priceTemplate").html()),
                        footerTemplate: "جمع: #=kendo.toString(sum,'c0')#"
                    }
                ]
                //...
            });

 <!--https://github.com/moment/moment/-->
<script src="js/cultures/moment.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<!--https://github.com/jalaali/moment-jalaali-->
<script src="js/cultures/moment-jalaali.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

            $("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
                //...
                columns: [
                    {
                        field: "AddDate", title: "تاریخ ثبت",
                        template: "#=moment(AddDate).format('jYYYY/jMM/jDD')#"
                    }
                ]
                //...
            });

            $("#report-grid").kendoGrid({
                // ...
                toolbar: [
                    { template: kendo.template($("#toolbarTemplate").html()) }
                ]
                // ...
            });

    <script>
        // این اطلاعات برای تهیه خروجی سمت سرور مناسب هستند
        function getCurrentGridFilters() {
            var dataSource = $("#report-grid").data("kendoGrid").dataSource;
            var gridState = {
                page: dataSource.page(),
                pageSize: dataSource.pageSize(),
                sort: dataSource.sort(),
                group: dataSource.group(),
                filter: dataSource.filter()
            };
            return kendo.stringify(gridState);
        }
    </script>

    <script id="toolbarTemplate" type="text/x-kendo-template">
        <a class="k-button" href="\#" onclick="alert('gridState: ' + getCurrentGridFilters());">نوار ابزار سفارشی</a>
    </script>

// ...
builder.Services.AddRazorComponents().AddInteractiveServerComponents();
// ...
app.MapRazorComponents<App>().AddInteractiveServerRenderMode();

// ...

builder.Services.AddRazorComponents();

// ...

app.MapRazorComponents<App>();

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <base href="/" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="MyApp.styles.css" />
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon.png" />
    <HeadOutlet />
</head>

<body>
    <Routes />
    <script src="_framework/blazor.web.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

<Router AppAssembly="@typeof(Program).Assembly">
    <Found Context="routeData">
        <RouteView RouteData="@routeData" DefaultLayout="@typeof(Layout.MainLayout)" />
        <FocusOnNavigate RouteData="@routeData" Selector="h1" />
    </Found>
</Router>

app.UseStatusCodePagesWithRedirects("/StatusCode/{0}");

@page "/StatusCode/{responseCode}"

<h3>StatusCode @ResponseCode</h3>

@code {
    [Parameter] public string? ResponseCode { get; set; }
}

if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
   app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error", createScopeForErrors: true);
}

404.razor

@page "/StatusCode/404"

<PageTitle>Not found</PageTitle>

<h1>Not found</h1>
<p role="alert">Sorry, there's nothing at this address.</p>

500.razor

@page "/StatusCode/500"

<PageTitle>Unexpected error</PageTitle>

<h1>Unexpected error</h1>
<p role="alert">There was an unexpected error.</p>

401.razor

@page "/StatusCode/401"

<PageTitle>Not Authorized</PageTitle>

<h1>Not Authorized</h1>
<p role="alert">Sorry, you are not authorized to access this page.</p>

<HeadOutlet @rendermode="@InteractiveServer" />
...
<Routes @rendermode="@InteractiveServer" />

dotnet new blazor --interactivity Server --all-interactive

@rendermode InteractiveServerRenderModeWithoutPrerendering

@code{
  static readonly IComponentRenderMode InteractiveServerRenderModeWithoutPrerendering = 
        new InteractiveServerRenderMode(false);
}

 public static IEnumerable<TResult> OfType<TResult>(this IEnumerable source)

Apple
Sugar

Milk
Water

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Int32' to type 'System.String'.

 IEnumerable<string> input = new List<string> { "Apple", "Sugar", "Flour" };
string[] array = input.ToArray();

 IEnumerable<string> input = new[] { "Apple", "Sugar", "Flour" };
List<string> list = input.ToList();

Key=1, Recipe=Apple Pie
Key=2, Recipe=Cherry Pie
Key=3, Recipe=Beef Pie

 Rating 5
 - Apple Pie
 - Banana Pie
Rating 2
 - Cherry Pie
Rating 3
 - Beef Pie

 Sugar

 Milk

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no elements

Ingredient[] ingredients = { };
Ingredient element = ingredients.First();

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no matching element

 Ingredient[] ingredients = { };
Ingredient element = ingredients.FirstOrDefault();
Console.WriteLine(element == null);

 True

 True

 Flour

Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains more than one matching element
Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no matching element

 Sugar

 Butter

True

 Milk

 System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException: Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection.

 True

Sugar
Egg
Milk

 True

namespace ProductsApp.Models
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Category { get; set; }
        public decimal Price { get; set; }
    }
}

using ProductsApp.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace ProductsApp.Controllers
{
    public class ProductsController : ApiController
    {
        Product[] products = new Product[] 
        { 
            new Product { Id = 1, Name = "Tomato Soup", Category = "Groceries", Price = 1 }, 
            new Product { Id = 2, Name = "Yo-yo", Category = "Toys", Price = 3.75M }, 
            new Product { Id = 3, Name = "Hammer", Category = "Hardware", Price = 16.99M } 
        };

        public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
        {
            return products;
        }

        public IHttpActionResult GetProduct(int id)
        {
            var product = products.FirstOrDefault((p) => p.Id == id);
            if (product == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            return Ok(product);
        }
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
  <title>Product App</title>
</head>
<body>

  <div>
    <h2>All Products</h2>
    <ul id="products" />
  </div>
  <div>
    <h2>Search by ID</h2>
    <input type="text" id="prodId" size="5" />
    <input type="button" value="Search" onclick="find();" />
    <p id="product" />
  </div>

  <script src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-2.0.3.min.js"></script>
  <script>
    var uri = 'api/products';

    $(document).ready(function () {
      // Send an AJAX request
      $.getJSON(uri)
          .done(function (data) {
            // On success, 'data' contains a list of products.
            $.each(data, function (key, item) {
              // Add a list item for the product.
              $('<li>', { text: formatItem(item) }).appendTo($('#products'));
            });
          });
    });

    function formatItem(item) {
      return item.Name + ': $' + item.Price;
    }

    function find() {
      var id = $('#prodId').val();
      $.getJSON(uri + '/' + id)
          .done(function (data) {
            $('#product').text(formatItem(data));
          })
          .fail(function (jqXHR, textStatus, err) {
            $('#product').text('Error: ' + err);
          });
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

$(document).ready(function () {
    // Send an AJAX request
    $.getJSON(apiUrl)
        .done(function (data) {
            // On success, 'data' contains a list of products.
            $.each(data, function (key, item) {
                // Add a list item for the product.
                $('<li>', { text: formatItem(item) }).appendTo($('#products'));
            });
        });
});

function find() {
    var id = $('#prodId').val();
    $.getJSON(apiUrl + '/' + id)
        .done(function (data) {
            $('#product').text(formatItem(data));
        })
        .fail(function (jqXHR, textStatus, err) {
            $('#product').text('Error: ' + err);
        });
}

/// <summary>
/// دستور العمل
/// </summary>
class Recipe
{
  public int Id { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
}

/// <summary>
/// بازخورد
/// </summary>
class Review
{
  public int RecipeId { get; set; }
  public string ReviewText { get; set; }
}

Recipe[] recipes =
{
   new Recipe {Id = 1, Name = "Mashed Potato"},
   new Recipe {Id = 2, Name = "Crispy Duck"},
   new Recipe {Id = 3, Name = "Sachertorte"}
};

Review[] reviews =
{
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Tasty!"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Not nice :("},
   new Review {RecipeId = 1, ReviewText = "Pretty good"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 2, ReviewText = "Too hard"},
   new Review {RecipeId = 2, ReviewText = "Loved it"}
};

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   RecipeReview = review.ReviewText
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   Reviews = reviewGroup//collection of related reviews
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"Review for {item.RecipeName}");
   foreach (var review in item.Reviews)
   {
       Console.WriteLine($"-{review.ReviewText}");
   }
}

Review for Mashed Potato
-Tasty!
-Not nice :(
-Pretty good
Review for Crispy Duck
-Too hard
-Loved it
Review for Sachertorte

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
from rg in reviewGroup.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   //RecipeReview = rg.ReviewText SystemNullException
   RecipeReview = (rg == null ? "n/a" : rg.ReviewText)
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it
Sachertorte-n/a

var query = from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
from rg in reviewGroup.DefaultIfEmpty(new Review { ReviewText = "N/A" })
select new //anonymous type
{
   RecipeName = recipe.Name,
   RecipeReview = rg.ReviewText
};

foreach (var item in query)
{
   Console.WriteLine($"{item.RecipeName}-{item.RecipeReview}");
}

 Mashed Potato-Tasty!
Mashed Potato-Not nice :(
Mashed Potato-Pretty good
Crispy Duck-Too hard
Crispy Duck-Loved it
Sachertorte-N/A