<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.0</TargetFramework>
    <LangVersion>8.0</LangVersion>
    <NullableContextOptions>enable</NullableContextOptions>
  </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

CS8632: The annotation for nullable reference types should only be used in code within a ‘#nullable’ context.
CS8627: A nullable type parameter must be known to be a value-type or non-nullable reference type. Consider adding a ‘class’, ‘struct’ or type constraint.

<PropertyGroup>
  <LangVersion>preview</LangVersion>
  <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
</PropertyGroup>

    public class Person
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }

        public string MiddleName { get; set; }

        public string LastName { get; set; }

        public Person(string first, string last) =>
            (FirstName, LastName) = (first, last);

        public Person(string first, string middle, string last) =>
            (FirstName, MiddleName, LastName) = (first, middle, last);

        public override string ToString() => $"{FirstName} {MiddleName} {LastName}";
    }

public string? MiddleName { get; set; }

    public static class NullableReferenceTypes
    {
        //#nullable enable // Toggle to enable

        public static string Exemplify()
        {
            var vahid = new Person("Vahid", "N");
            var length = GetLengthOfMiddleName(vahid);

            return $"{vahid.FirstName}'s middle name has {length} characters in it.";

            static int GetLengthOfMiddleName(Person person)
            {
                string middleName = person.MiddleName;
                return middleName.Length;
            }
        }
    }

var middleName = person.MiddleName;

static int GetLengthOfMiddleName(Person person)
{
   var middleName = person.MiddleName;
   return middleName?.Length ?? 0;
}

public static class NullableReferenceTypes
{
#nullable disable // Toggle to enable

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.0</TargetFramework>
    <LangVersion>8.0</LangVersion>
    <NullableContextOptions>enable</NullableContextOptions>
    <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
  </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

<WarningsAsErrors>CS8600;CS8602;CS8603</WarningsAsErrors>

string name = null; // ERROR
string? name = null; // OK!

public class Person
{
    public Address? Address { get; set; };
    public string Country => Address?.Country;   // ERROR! 
}

public class Person
{
    public Address? Address { get; set; };
    public string? Country => Address?.Country;  // OK!
}

var node = this; // Initialize non-nullable variable
while (node != null)
{
   node = null; // ERROR!
}

Node? node = this;   // Initialize nullable variable
while (node != null) {
   node = null; // OK!
}

public class Person
{
   public string Name { get; set; } // ERROR!
}

public class Person
{
   public string? Name { get; set; }
}

public class Person
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public Person(string name) {
        Name = name ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
    }
}
 

public class Person
{
   public string Name { get; set; } = string.Empty;
   // -or-
   public string Name { get; set; } = "";
}

String.Empty
Array.Empty<T>()
Enumerable.Empty<T>()

public class Person
{
   public Address Address { get; set; } = new Address();
}

<Project>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Localization.Abstractions" Version="3.1.8" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="3.1.8" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp3.1</TargetFramework>
    <ManagePackageVersionsCentrally>true</ManagePackageVersionsCentrally>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Localization.Abstractions" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

error NU1008: Projects that use central package version management should not define the version on the PackageReference items

<Project>
  <PropertyGroup>
    <ManagePackageVersionsCentrally>true</ManagePackageVersionsCentrally>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Localization.Abstractions" Version="3.1.8" />
    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="3.1.8" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
using System.Linq;

namespace EFGeneral
{
    public class BlogComment
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        [MaxLength]
        public string Body { set; get; }

        public virtual BlogComment Reply { set; get; }
        public int? ReplyId { get; set; }
        public ICollection<BlogComment> Children { get; set; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<BlogComment> BlogComments { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            // Self Referencing Entity
            modelBuilder.Entity<BlogComment>()
                        .HasOptional(x => x.Reply)
                        .WithMany(x => x.Children)
                        .HasForeignKey(x => x.ReplyId)
                        .WillCascadeOnDelete(false);

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            var comment1 = new BlogComment { Body = "نظر من این است که" };
            var comment12 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به نظر اول", Reply = comment1 };
            var comment121 = new BlogComment { Body = "پاسخی به پاسخ به نظر اول", Reply = comment12 };

            context.BlogComments.Add(comment121);
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void RunTests()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());

            using (var ctx = new MyContext())
            {
                var list = ctx.BlogComments
                          //.where ...
                          .ToList() // fills the childs list too
                          .Where(x => x.Reply == null) // for TreeViewHelper                        
                          .ToList();

                if (list.Any())
                {

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

    public class BlogComment
    {
        // ... 
        public ICollection<BlogComment> Children { get; set; }
    }

private void AppendChildren(TagBuilder parentTag, T parentItem, Func<T, IEnumerable<T>> childrenProperty)
        {
            var children = childrenProperty(parentItem);
            if (children == null || !children.Any())
            {
                return;
            }
//...

<Route
     path="/movies"
     render={props => <Movies {...props} user={this.state.currentUser} />}
/>

<Route path="/movies/:id" component={MovieForm} />

<Route
  path="/movies/:id"
  render={props => {
    if (!this.state.currentUser) {
      return <Redirect to="/login" />;
    }
    return <MovieForm {...props} />;
  }}
/>

import React from "react";
import { Route, Redirect } from "react-router-dom";
import * as auth from "../../services/authService";

const ProtectedRoute = ({ path, component: Component, render, ...rest }) => {
  return (
    <Route
      {...rest}
      render={props => {
        if (!auth.getCurrentUser())
          return (
            <Redirect
              to={{
                pathname: "/login",
                state: { from: props.location }
              }}
            />
          );
        return Component ? <Component {...props} /> : render(props);
      }}
    />
  );
};

export default ProtectedRoute;

import ProtectedRoute from "./components/common/protectedRoute";
// ...

<ProtectedRoute path="/movies/:id" component={MovieForm} />

  return (
    <Route
      {...rest}
      render={props => {
        console.log(props);

<Redirect
              to={{
                pathname: "/login",
                state: { from: props.location }
              }}
            />

  doSubmit = async () => {
    try {
      const { data } = this.state;
      await auth.login(data.username, data.password);

      const { state } = this.props.location;
      window.location = state ? state.from.pathname : "/";
    } catch (ex) {
      //...

import { Redirect } from "react-router-dom";
//...


  render() {
    if (auth.getCurrentUser()) return <Redirect to="/" />;

public void TransferMoney(string fromAccountNumber, string toAccountNumber, decimal amount) 
{
   using(var session = Store.OpenSession()) 
   {
         session.Advanced.UseOptimisticConcurrency = true;

         var fromAccount = session.Load<Account>("Accounts/" + fromAccountNumber);
         var toAccount = session.Load<Account>("Accounts/" + toAccountNumber);

         fromAccount.Balance -= amount;
         toAccount.Balance += amount;

         session.SaveChanges();
   }
}

RavenQueryStatistics stats;
var results = session.Query<Product>()
    .Statistics(out stats)
    .Where(x => x.Price > 10)
    .ToArray();
 
if (stats.IsStale)
{
    // Results are known to be stale
}

RavenQueryStatistics stats;
var results = session.Query<Product>()
    .Statistics(out stats)
    .Where(x => x.Price > 10)
    .Customize(x => x.WaitForNonStaleResults(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)))
    .ToArray();

 documentStore.Conventions.DefaultQueryingConsistency = ConsistencyOptions.QueryYourWrites;

while (documentStore.DatabaseCommands.GetStatistics().StaleIndexes.Length != 0)
{
    Thread.Sleep(10);
}

public class Person
{
    public string Id { get; set; }

    [JsonIgnore]
    public Guid? Etag { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public Person Get(string id)
{
    var person = session.Load<Person>(id);
    person.Etag = session.Advanced.GetEtagFor(person);
    return person;
}

public void Update(Person person)
{
    session.Advanced.UseOptimisticConcurrency = true;
    session.Store(person, person.Etag, person.Id);
    session.SaveChanges();
    person.Etag = session.Advanced.GetEtagFor(person);
}

using (var transaction = new TransactionScope())
{
   using (var session1 = store.OpenSession())
   {
     session1.Store(new Account());
     session1.SaveChanges();
   }

   using (var session2 = store.OpenSession())
   {
     session2.Store(new Account());
     session2.SaveChanges();
   }

   transaction.Complete();
}