private void LoadCameras()
        {
            List<string> data = new List<string>();
            List<KeyValuePair<int, string>> ListCamerasData = new List<KeyValuePair<int, string>>();
            //-> Find systems cameras with DirectShow.Net dll
            DsDevice[] _SystemCamereas = DsDevice.GetDevicesOfCat(FilterCategory.VideoInputDevice);
            int _DeviceIndex = 0;
            foreach (DirectShowLib.DsDevice _Camera in _SystemCamereas)
            {
                ListCamerasData.Add(new KeyValuePair<int, string>(_DeviceIndex, _Camera.Name));
                data.Add(_Camera.Name);
                _DeviceIndex++;
            }

            CameraList.ItemsSource = data;
        }

            using (CvCapture capture = CvCapture.FromCamera(cameraIndex))
            {
                //var interval = (int)(1000 / capture.Fps);
                IplImage image;
                while (_worker != null && !_worker.CancellationPending)
                {
                    if ((image = capture.QueryFrame()) != null)
                    {
                        _worker.ReportProgress(0, image);
                        Thread.Sleep(10);
                    }
                }
            }

using (var db = new BloggingContext())
{
   var blog = new Blog { Url = "http://sample.com" };
   db.Blogs.Add(blog);
   db.SaveChanges();
}

using (var db = new BloggingContext())
{
  var blog = db.Blogs.First();
  blog.Url = "http://sample.com/blog";
  db.SaveChanges();
}

using (var db = new BloggingContext())
{
  var blog = db.Blogs.First();
  db.Blogs.Remove(blog);
  db.SaveChanges();
}

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
   var blog = context.Blogs
      .Select(b =>
            new
            {
               Blog = b,
               Posts = b.Posts.Count()
            });
 }

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
   var blog = context.Blogs
            .Select(b =>
                 new
                 {
                   Id = b.BlogId,
                   Url = b.Url
                 });
 }

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
  var blogs = context.Blogs.AsNoTracking().ToList();
}

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
    context.ChangeTracker.QueryTrackingBehavior = QueryTrackingBehavior.NoTracking;

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
  var blog = context.Blogs.First();
  var post = new Post { Title = "Intro to EF Core" };

  blog.Posts.Add(post);
  context.SaveChanges();
}

using (var context = new BloggingContext())
{
  var blog = new Blog { Url = "http://blogs.msdn.com/visualstudio" };
  var post = context.Posts.First();

  blog.Posts.Add(post);
  context.SaveChanges();
}

 var blog = new Blog { Id = 2, Url = "https://www.dntips.ir" };
 context.Blog.Attach(blog);
 context.SaveChanges();

 var blog = new Blog { Id = 2, Url = "https://www.dntips.ir" };
 context.Entry(blog).State = EntityState.Modified ;
 context.SaveChanges();

 var blog = new Blog { Id = 2, Url = "https://www.dntips.ir" };
 context.Update(blog);
 context.SaveChanges();

 context.ChangeTracker.TrackGraph(blog, e => e.Entry.State = EntityState.Added);

public class BaseEntity
{
   public int Id { set; get; }
   public DateTime? DateAdded { set; get; }
   public DateTime? DateUpdated { set; get; }
}

public class Person : BaseEntity
{
   public string FirstName { get; set; }
   public string LastName { get; set; }
}

    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
    {
        // same as before 

        public override int SaveChanges()
        {
            this.ChangeTracker.DetectChanges();

            var modifiedEntries = this.ChangeTracker
                                      .Entries<BaseEntity>()
                                      .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Modified);
            foreach (var modifiedEntry in modifiedEntries)
            {
                modifiedEntry.Entity.DateUpdated = DateTime.UtcNow;
            }
 
            var addedEntries = this.ChangeTracker
                                      .Entries<BaseEntity>()
                                      .Where(x => x.State == EntityState.Added);
            foreach (var addedEntry in addedEntries)
            {
                addedEntry.Entity.DateAdded = DateTime.UtcNow;
            }
 
            return base.SaveChanges();
        }
    }

protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
  modelBuilder.Entity<Blog>().Property<DateTime>("DateAdded");

 var blogs = context.Blogs.OrderBy(b => EF.Property<DateTime>(b, "DateAdded"));

 context.Entry(myBlog).Property("DateAdded").CurrentValue = DateTime.Now;

foreach (var addedEntry in addedEntries)
{
  addedEntry.Property("DateAdded").CurrentValue = DateTime.UtcNow;
}

ConditionalAttribute

class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        DebugMode();
    }

    [Conditional("DEBUG")]
    public static void DebugMode()
    {
        Console.WriteLine( "Debug mode" );
    }
}

#define ReleaseMode

[System.Flags]
public enum Permission
{
    View = 1,
    Insert = 2,
    Update = 4,
    Delete = 8
}

public static void Main( string[] args )
{
    var permission = ( Permission.View | Permission.Insert ).ToString();
    Console.WriteLine( permission ); // Displays ‘View, Insert’

    var userPermission = Permission.View | Permission.Insert | Permission.Update | Permission.Delete;
    // To retrieve the value from property you can do this
    if ( ( userPermission & Permission.Delete ) == Permission.Delete )
    {
        Console.WriteLine( "کاربر دارای مجوز دسترسی به عملیات حذف می‌باشد" );
    }

    // In .NET 4 and later
    Console.WriteLine( userPermission.HasFlag( Permission.Delete )
                            ? "کاربر دارای مجوز دسترسی به عملیات حذف می‌باشد"
                            : "کاربر مجوز دسترسی به عملیات حذف را ندارد");
}

public static void Main( string[] args )
{
    var sourceCode = @"class DotNetTips
                        {
                            public void Print()
                            {
                                System.Console.WriteLine("".Net Tips"");
                            }
                        }";
    var compiledAssembly = CompileSourceCodeDom( sourceCode );
    ExecuteFromAssembly( compiledAssembly );
}

static Assembly CompileSourceCodeDom( string sourceCode )
{
    CodeDomProvider csharpCodeProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider();
    var cp = new CompilerParameters
                {
                    GenerateExecutable = false
                };
    cp.ReferencedAssemblies.Add( "System.dll" );
    var cr = csharpCodeProvider.CompileAssemblyFromSource( cp,
                                                            sourceCode );
    return cr.CompiledAssembly;
}

Install-Package Microsoft.CodeAnalysis

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var sourceCode = @"class DotNetTips
                        {
                            public void Print()
                            {
                                System.Console.WriteLine("".Net Tips"");
                            }
                        }";
    var compiledAssembly = CompileSourceRoslyn( sourceCode );
    ExecuteFromAssembly( compiledAssembly );
}

private static Assembly CompileSourceRoslyn(string sourceCode)
{
    using ( var memoryStream = new MemoryStream() )
    {
        var assemblyFileName = string.Concat( Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
                                                ".dll" );
        var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create( assemblyFileName,
                                                    new[]
                                                    {
                                                        CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText( sourceCode )
                                                    },
                                                    new[]
                                                    {
                                                        MetadataReference.CreateFromFile( typeof( object ).Assembly.Location )
                                                    },
                                                    new CSharpCompilationOptions( OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary ) );
        compilation.Emit( memoryStream );
        var assembly = Assembly.Load( memoryStream.GetBuffer() );
        return assembly;
    }
}

static void ExecuteFromAssembly( Assembly assembly )
{
    var helloKittyPrinterType = assembly.GetType( "DotNetTips" );
    var printMethod = helloKittyPrinterType.GetMethod( "Print" );
    var kitty = assembly.CreateInstance( "DotNetTips" );
    printMethod.Invoke( kitty,
                        BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
                        null,
                        null,
                        CultureInfo.CurrentCulture );
}

namespace SignalR02.Services
{
    public interface ITestService
    {
        int GetRecordsCount();
    }
}

namespace SignalR02.Services
{
    public class TestService : ITestService
    {
        public int GetRecordsCount()
        {
            return 10; // It's just a sample to test IOC's.
        }
    }
}

    [HubName("chat")]
    public class ChatHub : Hub
    {
        //جهت آزمایش تزریق خودکار وابستگی‌ها
        private readonly ITestService _testService;
        public ChatHub(ITestService testService)
        {
            _testService = testService;
        }

        public void SendMessage(string message)
        {
            var msg = string.Format("{0}:{1}", Context.ConnectionId, message);
            Clients.All.hello(msg);

            Clients.All.hello(string.Format("RecordsCount: {0}", _testService.GetRecordsCount()));

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using StructureMap;

namespace SignalR02.Utils
{
    public class StructureMapDependencyResolver : DefaultDependencyResolver
    {
        private readonly IContainer _container;
        public StructureMapDependencyResolver(IContainer container)
        {
            if (container == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("container");
            }
            _container = container;
        }
        public override object GetService(Type serviceType)
        {
            return !serviceType.IsAbstract && !serviceType.IsInterface && serviceType.IsClass
                               ? _container.GetInstance(serviceType)
                               : (_container.TryGetInstance(serviceType) ?? base.GetService(serviceType));
        }
        public override IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType)
        {
            return _container.GetAllInstances(serviceType).Cast<object>().Concat(base.GetServices(serviceType));
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Routing;
using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using SignalR02.Services;
using SignalR02.Utils;
using StructureMap;

namespace SignalR02
{
    public class Global : HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ObjectFactory.Initialize(cfg => 
            {
                cfg.For<IDependencyResolver>().Singleton().Add<StructureMapDependencyResolver>(); 
                // the rest ...
                cfg.For<ITestService>().Use<TestService>();
            });
            GlobalHost.DependencyResolver = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<IDependencyResolver>();

            // Register the default hubs route: ~/signalr
            RouteTable.Routes.MapHubs(new HubConfiguration
            {
                EnableCrossDomain = true
            });            
        }
    }
}

روش‌های تولید اعداد یا رشته تصادفی: 

1- معمول‌ترین روش تولید یک کد شش رقمی با استفاده از کلاس random 

public void TransferMoney(string fromAccountNumber, string toAccountNumber, decimal amount) 
{
   using(var session = Store.OpenSession()) 
   {
         session.Advanced.UseOptimisticConcurrency = true;

         var fromAccount = session.Load<Account>("Accounts/" + fromAccountNumber);
         var toAccount = session.Load<Account>("Accounts/" + toAccountNumber);

         fromAccount.Balance -= amount;
         toAccount.Balance += amount;

         session.SaveChanges();
   }
}

RavenQueryStatistics stats;
var results = session.Query<Product>()
    .Statistics(out stats)
    .Where(x => x.Price > 10)
    .ToArray();
 
if (stats.IsStale)
{
    // Results are known to be stale
}

RavenQueryStatistics stats;
var results = session.Query<Product>()
    .Statistics(out stats)
    .Where(x => x.Price > 10)
    .Customize(x => x.WaitForNonStaleResults(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)))
    .ToArray();

 documentStore.Conventions.DefaultQueryingConsistency = ConsistencyOptions.QueryYourWrites;

while (documentStore.DatabaseCommands.GetStatistics().StaleIndexes.Length != 0)
{
    Thread.Sleep(10);
}

public class Person
{
    public string Id { get; set; }

    [JsonIgnore]
    public Guid? Etag { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public Person Get(string id)
{
    var person = session.Load<Person>(id);
    person.Etag = session.Advanced.GetEtagFor(person);
    return person;
}

public void Update(Person person)
{
    session.Advanced.UseOptimisticConcurrency = true;
    session.Store(person, person.Etag, person.Id);
    session.SaveChanges();
    person.Etag = session.Advanced.GetEtagFor(person);
}

using (var transaction = new TransactionScope())
{
   using (var session1 = store.OpenSession())
   {
     session1.Store(new Account());
     session1.SaveChanges();
   }

   using (var session2 = store.OpenSession())
   {
     session2.Store(new Account());
     session2.SaveChanges();
   }

   transaction.Complete();
}

var reportData = new DataSet();
reportData.ReadXml("yourfile.xml");
var connection = new SqlConnection("DB ConnectionSTring");
var sbc = new SqlBulkCopy(connection);
sbc.DestinationTableName = "yourXMLTable";

INSERT Customers 
SELECT * 
FROM OPENXML ...

namespace Loans.Entities
{
    public class Applicant
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        public string Name { set; get; }

        public int Age { set; get; }

        public string Address { set; get; }

        public decimal Salary { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace Loans.Entities
{
    public class LoanProduct
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        public string ProductName { set; get; }

        public decimal InterestRate { set; get; }
    }
}

namespace Loans.Entities
{
    public class LoanApplication
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }

        public LoanProduct Product { set; get; }

        public LoanAmount Amount { set; get; }

        public Applicant Applicant { set; get; }

        public bool IsAccepted { set; get; }
    }

    public class LoanAmount
    {
        public string CurrencyCode { get; set; }

        public decimal Principal { get; set; }
    }
}

namespace Loans.Models
{
    public class IdentityVerificationStatus
    {
        public bool Passed { get; set; }
    }
}

using Loans.Models;

namespace Loans.Services.Contracts
{
    public interface IIdentityVerifier
    {
        void Initialize();

        bool Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress);

        void Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress, out bool isValid);

        void Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress,
            ref IdentityVerificationStatus status);
    }
}

namespace Loans.Services.Contracts
{
    public interface ICreditScorer
    {
        int Score { get; }

        void CalculateScore(string applicantName, string applicantAddress);
    }
}

using System;
using Loans.Entities;
using Loans.Services.Contracts;

namespace Loans.Services
{
    public class LoanApplicationProcessor
    {
        private const decimal MinimumSalary = 1_500_000_0;
        private const int MinimumAge = 18;
        private const int MinimumCreditScore = 100_000;

        private readonly IIdentityVerifier _identityVerifier;
        private readonly ICreditScorer _creditScorer;

        public LoanApplicationProcessor(
            IIdentityVerifier identityVerifier,
            ICreditScorer creditScorer)
        {
            _identityVerifier = identityVerifier ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(identityVerifier));
            _creditScorer = creditScorer ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(creditScorer));
        }

        public bool Process(LoanApplication application)
        {
            application.IsAccepted = false;

            if (application.Applicant.Salary < MinimumSalary)
            {
                return application.IsAccepted;
            }

            if (application.Applicant.Age < MinimumAge)
            {
                return application.IsAccepted;
            }

            _identityVerifier.Initialize();

            var isValidIdentity = _identityVerifier.Validate(
                application.Applicant.Name, application.Applicant.Age, application.Applicant.Address);

            if (!isValidIdentity)
            {
                return application.IsAccepted;
            }

            _creditScorer.CalculateScore(application.Applicant.Name, application.Applicant.Address);
            if (_creditScorer.Score < MinimumCreditScore)
            {
                return application.IsAccepted;
            }

            application.IsAccepted = true;
            return application.IsAccepted;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using Loans.Models;
using Loans.Services.Contracts;

namespace Loans.Services
{
    public class IdentityVerifierServiceGateway : IIdentityVerifier
    {
        public DateTime LastCheckTime { get; private set; }

        public void Initialize()
        {
            // Initialize connection to external service
        }

        public bool Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress)
        {
            Connect();
            var isValidIdentity = CallService(applicantName, applicantAge, applicantAddress);
            LastCheckTime = DateTime.Now;
            Disconnect();

            return isValidIdentity;
        }

        private void Connect()
        {
            // Open connection to external service
        }

        private bool CallService(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress)
        {
            // Make call to external service, interpret the response, and return result

            return false; // Simulate result for demo purposes
        }

        private void Disconnect()
        {
            // Close connection to external service
        }

        public void Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress, out bool isValid)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void Validate(string applicantName, int applicantAge, string applicantAddress,
            ref IdentityVerificationStatus status)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

        public LoanApplicationProcessor(
            IIdentityVerifier identityVerifier,
            ICreditScorer creditScorer)
        {
            _identityVerifier = identityVerifier ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(identityVerifier));
            _creditScorer = creditScorer ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(creditScorer));
        }

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.2</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\Loans\Loans.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="16.3.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="MSTest.TestAdapter" Version="2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="MSTest.TestFramework" Version="2.0.0" />    
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

using Loans.Entities;
using Loans.Services;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace Loans.Tests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class LoanApplicationProcessorShould
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void DeclineLowSalary()
        {
            var product = new LoanProduct {Id = 99, ProductName = "Loan", InterestRate = 5.25m};
            var amount = new LoanAmount {CurrencyCode = "Rial", Principal = 2_000_000_0};
            var applicant =
                new Applicant {Id = 1, Name = "User 1", Age = 25, Address = "This place", Salary = 1_100_000_0};
            var application = new LoanApplication {Id = 42, Product = product, Amount = amount, Applicant = applicant};
            var processor = new LoanApplicationProcessor(null, null);
            processor.Process(application);

            Assert.IsFalse(application.IsAccepted);
        }
    }
}

public class LoanApplicationProcessor
{
    private const decimal MinimumSalary = 1_500_000_0;

Test method Loans.Tests.LoanApplicationProcessorShould.DeclineLowSalary threw exception:
System.ArgumentNullException: Value cannot be null.
Parameter name: identityVerifier

        public LoanApplicationProcessor(
            IIdentityVerifier identityVerifier,
            ICreditScorer creditScorer)
        {
            _identityVerifier = identityVerifier ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(identityVerifier));
            _creditScorer = creditScorer ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(creditScorer));
        }

> dotnet add package Moq
> Install-Package Moq

using Loans.Entities;
using Loans.Services;
using Loans.Services.Contracts;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using Moq;

namespace Loans.Tests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class LoanApplicationProcessorShould
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void DeclineLowSalary()
        {
            var product = new LoanProduct {Id = 99, ProductName = "Loan", InterestRate = 5.25m};
            var amount = new LoanAmount {CurrencyCode = "Rial", Principal = 2_000_000_0};
            var applicant =
                new Applicant {Id = 1, Name = "User 1", Age = 25, Address = "This place", Salary = 1_100_000_0};
            var application = new LoanApplication {Id = 42, Product = product, Amount = amount, Applicant = applicant};

            var mockIdentityVerifier = new Mock<IIdentityVerifier>();
            var mockCreditScorer = new Mock<ICreditScorer>();

            var processor = new LoanApplicationProcessor(mockIdentityVerifier.Object, mockCreditScorer.Object);
            processor.Process(application);

            Assert.IsFalse(application.IsAccepted);
        }
    }
}

using Loans.Entities;
using Loans.Services;
using Loans.Services.Contracts;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using Moq;

namespace Loans.Tests
{
    [TestClass]
    public class LoanApplicationProcessorShould
    {        
        [TestMethod]
        public void Accept()
        {
            var product = new LoanProduct {Id = 99, ProductName = "Loan", InterestRate = 5.25m};
            var amount = new LoanAmount {CurrencyCode = "Rial", Principal = 2_000_000_0};
            var applicant =
                new Applicant {Id = 1, Name = "User 1", Age = 25, Address = "This place", Salary = 1_500_000_0};
            var application = new LoanApplication {Id = 42, Product = product, Amount = amount, Applicant = applicant};

            var mockIdentityVerifier = new Mock<IIdentityVerifier>();
            var mockCreditScorer = new Mock<ICreditScorer>();

            var processor = new LoanApplicationProcessor(mockIdentityVerifier.Object, mockCreditScorer.Object);
            processor.Process(application);

            Assert.IsTrue(application.IsAccepted);
        }
    }
}

_identityVerifier.Initialize();
var isValidIdentity = _identityVerifier.Validate(
    application.Applicant.Name, application.Applicant.Age, application.Applicant.Address);