<a rel="popover" 
               data-content="محتوایی برای نمایش" 
               data-original-title="عنوان" href="#">اطلاعات</a>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $("[rel='popover']").popover({ placement: 'left' })
                            .click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); });
        });
   </script>

@model Mvc4TwitterBootStrapTest.Models.User
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}
@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.ValidationSummary(true, null, new { @class = "alert alert-error alert-block" })

    <fieldset class="form-horizontal">
        <legend>تعریف کاربر جدید</legend>
        <div class="control-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, new { @class = "control-label" })
            <div class="controls">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name)
                @*@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, null, new { @class = "help-inline" })*@
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="control-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.LastName, new { @class = "control-label" })
            <div class="controls">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.LastName)
                @*@Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.LastName, null, new { @class = "help-inline" })*@
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-actions">
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
                ارسال</button>
        </div>
    </fieldset>
}
@section JavaScript
{
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $.validator.setDefaults({
            showErrors: function (errorMap, errorList) {
                this.defaultShowErrors();
                //اگر المانی معتبر است نیاز به نمایش پاپ اور ندارد
                $("." + this.settings.validClass).popover("destroy");
                //افزودن پاپ اورها
                for (var i = 0; i < errorList.length; i++) {
                    var error = errorList[i];
                    $(error.element).popover({ placement: 'left' })
                                    .attr("data-original-title", "خطای اعتبارسنجی")
                                    .attr("data-content", error.message);
                }
            },
            // همانند قبل برای رنگی کردن کل ردیف در صورت عدم اعتبار سنجی و برعکس
            highlight: function (element, errorClass, validClass) {
                if (element.type === 'radio') {
                    this.findByName(element.name).addClass(errorClass).removeClass(validClass);
                } else {
                    $(element).addClass(errorClass).removeClass(validClass);
                    $(element).closest('.control-group').removeClass('success').addClass('error');
                }
                $(element).trigger('highlited');
            },
            unhighlight: function (element, errorClass, validClass) {
                if (element.type === 'radio') {
                    this.findByName(element.name).removeClass(errorClass).addClass(validClass);
                } else {
                    $(element).removeClass(errorClass).addClass(validClass);
                    $(element).closest('.control-group').removeClass('error').addClass('success');
                }
                $(element).trigger('unhighlited');
            }
        });
        //برای حالت پست بک از سرور عمل می‌کند
        $(function () {
            $('form').each(function () {
                $(this).find('div.control-group').each(function () {
                    if ($(this).find('span.field-validation-error').length > 0) {
                        $(this).addClass('error');
                    }
                });
            });
        });
   </script>
}

<input class="text-box single-line" data-val="true" data-val-required="لطفا نام را تکمیل کنید"
 id="Name" name="Name" type="text" value="" />

<input class="text-box single-line input-validation-error" data-val="true" data-val-required="لطفا نام را تکمیل کنید"
 id="Name" name="Name" type="text" value="" 
data-original-title="خطای اعتبارسنجی" title="" data-content="لطفا نام را تکمیل کنید">

 @Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.Name, 
         new { data_content = "Name is required", 
               data_original_title = "Error", rel="popover" })

using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

namespace PfxToSnk
{
    class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Converts .pfx file to .snk file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pfxData">.pfx file data.</param>
        /// <param name="pfxPassword">.pfx file password.</param>
        /// <returns>.snk file data.</returns>
        public static byte[] Pfx2Snk(byte[] pfxData, string pfxPassword)
        {
            var cert = new X509Certificate2(pfxData, pfxPassword, X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable);
            var privateKey = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)cert.PrivateKey;
            return privateKey.ExportCspBlob(true);
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var pfxFileData = File.ReadAllBytes(@"D:\Key.pfx");
            var snkFileData = Pfx2Snk(pfxFileData, "my-pass");
            File.WriteAllBytes(@"D:\Key.snk", snkFileData);
        }
    }
}

public class Book
    {
        private int code = 10;        

        public int GetCode()
        {
            return code;
        }
    }

public class Book
    {
        private readonly int code = 10;        

        public int GetCode()
        {
            return code = 20;
        }        
    }

using System.Reflection;

 public class Book
 {
        private int code = 10;
 }

 public class Program
 {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            var codeField = book.GetType().GetField( "code", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance );
            codeField.SetValue( book, 20 );
            var value = codeField.GetValue( book );
        }
    }

using System.Reflection;

 public class Book
 {
        private readonly int code = 10;
 }

 public class Program
 {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            Book book = new Book();
            var codeField = book.GetType().GetField( "code", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance );
            codeField.SetValue( book, 50);
            var value = codeField.GetValue( book );
        }
    }

            try
            {
                using (WebSession mywebsession = WebCore.CreateWebSession(
new WebPreferences() { CustomCSS = "::-webkit-scrollbar { visibility: hidden; }" }))
                {
                    using (var view = WebCore.CreateWebView(1240, 1000, mywebsession))
                    {
                        view.Source = new Uri("https://site.com/");

                        bool finishedLoading = false;
                        view.LoadingFrameComplete += (s, e) =>
                        {
                            if (e.IsMainFrame)
                                finishedLoading = true;
                        };

                        while (!finishedLoading)
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(100);
                            WebCore.Update();
                        }

                        using (var surface = (BitmapSurface)view.Surface)
                        {
                            surface.SaveToJPEG("result.jpg");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                WebCore.Shutdown();
            }

 System.InvalidOperationException: You are attempting to re-initialize the WebCore.
The WebCore must only be initialized once per process and must be shut down only when the process exits.

 System.AccessViolationException: Attempted to read or write protected memory.
This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt. at Awesomium.Core.NativeMethods.WebCore_CreateWebView_1(HandleRef jarg1, Int32 jarg2, Int32 jarg3, HandleRef jarg4)

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web;
using Awesomium.Core;

namespace AwesomiumWebModule
{
    public class AwesomiumModule : IHttpModule
    {
        private static readonly Thread WorkerThread = new Thread(awesomiumWorker);
        private static readonly ConcurrentQueue<AwesomiumRequest> TaskQueue = new ConcurrentQueue<AwesomiumRequest>();
        private static bool _isRunning = true;

        static AwesomiumModule()
        {
            WorkerThread.Start();
        }       

        private static void awesomiumWorker()
        {
            while (_isRunning)
            {
                if (TaskQueue.Count != 0)
                {
                    AwesomiumRequest outRequest;
                    if (TaskQueue.TryDequeue(out outRequest))
                    {
                        var img = AwesomiumThumbnail.FetchWebPageThumbnail(outRequest);
                        File.WriteAllBytes(outRequest.SavePath, img);
                        Thread.Sleep(500);
                    }
                }
                Thread.Sleep(5);
            }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            _isRunning = false;
            WebCore.Shutdown();
        }

        public void Init(HttpApplication context)
        {
            context.EndRequest += endRequest;
        }

        static void endRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var url = HttpContext.Current.Items[Constants.AwesomiumRequest] as AwesomiumRequest;
            if (url!=null)
            {
                TaskQueue.Enqueue(url);
            }
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
    <httpModules>
      <add name="AwesomiumWebModule" type="AwesomiumWebModule.AwesomiumModule"/>
    </httpModules>
  </system.web>

  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/>
    <modules>
      <add name="AwesomiumWebModule" type="AwesomiumWebModule.AwesomiumModule"/>
    </modules>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>

        protected void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var host = new Uri(txtUrl.Text).Host;
            HttpContext.Current.Items.Add(Constants.AwesomiumRequest, new AwesomiumRequest
            {
                Url = txtUrl.Text,
                SavePath = Path.Combine(HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath, "App_Data\\Thumbnails\\" + host + ".jpg"),
                TempDir = Path.Combine(HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath, "App_Data\\Temp")
            });
            lblInfo.Text = "Please wait. Your request will be served shortly.";
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientName = "Image Gallery",
                    // IdentityTokenLifetime = ... // defaults to 300 seconds / 5 minutes
                    // AuthorizationCodeLifetime = ... // defaults to 300 seconds / 5 minutes
                    // AccessTokenLifetime = ... // defaults to 3600 seconds / 1 hour
                }
             };
        }
    }
}

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientName = "Image Gallery",
                    // IdentityTokenLifetime = ... // defaults to 300 seconds / 5 minutes
                    // AuthorizationCodeLifetime = ... // defaults to 300 seconds / 5 minutes
                    // AccessTokenLifetime = ... // defaults to 3600 seconds / 1 hour
                    AllowOfflineAccess = true,
                    // AbsoluteRefreshTokenLifetime = ... // Defaults to 2592000 seconds / 30 days
                    // RefreshTokenExpiration = TokenExpiration.Sliding
                    UpdateAccessTokenClaimsOnRefresh = true,
                    // ...
                }
             };
        }
    }
}

options.Scope.Add("offline_access");

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using IdentityModel.Client;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.OpenIdConnect;

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.Services
{
    public interface IImageGalleryHttpClient
    {
        Task<HttpClient> GetHttpClientAsync();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// A typed HttpClient.
    /// </summary>
    public class ImageGalleryHttpClient : IImageGalleryHttpClient
    {
        private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
        private readonly ILogger<ImageGalleryHttpClient> _logger;

        public ImageGalleryHttpClient(
            HttpClient httpClient,
            IConfiguration configuration,
            IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor,
            ILogger<ImageGalleryHttpClient> logger)
        {
            _httpClient = httpClient;
            _configuration = configuration;
            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public async Task<HttpClient> GetHttpClientAsync()
        {
            var accessToken = string.Empty;

            var currentContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
            var expires_at = await currentContext.GetTokenAsync("expires_at");
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(expires_at)
                || ((DateTime.Parse(expires_at).AddSeconds(-60)).ToUniversalTime() < DateTime.UtcNow))
            {
                accessToken = await RenewTokens();
            }
            else
            {
                accessToken = await currentContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken);
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(accessToken))
            {
                _logger.LogInformation($"Using Access Token: {accessToken}");
                _httpClient.SetBearerToken(accessToken);
            }

            _httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(_configuration["WebApiBaseAddress"]);
            _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
            _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

            return _httpClient;
        }

        private async Task<string> RenewTokens()
        {
            // get the current HttpContext to access the tokens
            var currentContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;

            // get the metadata
            var discoveryClient = new DiscoveryClient(_configuration["IDPBaseAddress"]);
            var metaDataResponse = await discoveryClient.GetAsync();

            // create a new token client to get new tokens
            var tokenClient = new TokenClient(
                metaDataResponse.TokenEndpoint,
                _configuration["ClientId"],
                _configuration["ClientSecret"]);

            // get the saved refresh token
            var currentRefreshToken = await currentContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.RefreshToken);

            // refresh the tokens
            var tokenResult = await tokenClient.RequestRefreshTokenAsync(currentRefreshToken);
            if (tokenResult.IsError)
            {
                throw new Exception("Problem encountered while refreshing tokens.", tokenResult.Exception);
            }

            // update the tokens & expiration value
            var updatedTokens = new List<AuthenticationToken>();
            updatedTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken
            {
                Name = OpenIdConnectParameterNames.IdToken,
                Value = tokenResult.IdentityToken
            });
            updatedTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken
            {
                Name = OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken,
                Value = tokenResult.AccessToken
            });
            updatedTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken
            {
                Name = OpenIdConnectParameterNames.RefreshToken,
                Value = tokenResult.RefreshToken
            });

            var expiresAt = DateTime.UtcNow + TimeSpan.FromSeconds(tokenResult.ExpiresIn);
            updatedTokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken
            {
                Name = "expires_at",
                Value = expiresAt.ToString("o", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
            });

            // get authenticate result, containing the current principal & properties
            var currentAuthenticateResult = await currentContext.AuthenticateAsync("Cookies");

            // store the updated tokens
            currentAuthenticateResult.Properties.StoreTokens(updatedTokens);

            // sign in
            await currentContext.SignInAsync("Cookies",
             currentAuthenticateResult.Principal, currentAuthenticateResult.Properties);

            // return the new access token
            return tokenResult.AccessToken;
        }
    }
}

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientName = "Image Gallery",
// ...
                    AccessTokenType = AccessTokenType.Reference
                }
             };
        }
    }
}

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // api-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
        {
            return new List<ApiResource>
            {
                new ApiResource(
                    name: "imagegalleryapi",
                    displayName: "Image Gallery API",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> {"role" })
                {
                  ApiSecrets = { new Secret("apisecret".Sha256()) }
                }
            };
        }

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthentication(defaultScheme: IdentityServerAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
               .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
               {
                   options.Authority = Configuration["IDPBaseAddress"];
                   options.ApiName = "imagegalleryapi";
                   options.ApiSecret = "apisecret";
               });

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        public async Task Logout()
        {
            await revokeTokens();
            // Clears the  local cookie ("Cookies" must match the name of the scheme)
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync("Cookies");
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync("oidc");
        }

        private async Task revokeTokens()
        {
            var discoveryClient = new DiscoveryClient(_configuration["IDPBaseAddress"]);
            var metaDataResponse = await discoveryClient.GetAsync();
            var tokenRevocationClient = new TokenRevocationClient(
                metaDataResponse.RevocationEndpoint,
                _configuration["ClientId"],
                _configuration["ClientSecret"]
            );

            var accessToken = await HttpContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken);
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(accessToken))
            {
                var response = await tokenRevocationClient.RevokeAccessTokenAsync(accessToken);
                if (response.IsError)
                {
                    throw new Exception("Problem accessing the TokenRevocation endpoint.", response.Exception);
                }
            }

            var refreshToken = await HttpContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.RefreshToken);
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(refreshToken))
            {
                var response = await tokenRevocationClient.RevokeRefreshTokenAsync(refreshToken);
                if (response.IsError)
                {
                    throw new Exception("Problem accessing the TokenRevocation endpoint.", response.Exception);
                }
            }
        }