>ng g m CustomValidators -m app.module --routing

 >ng g c CustomValidators/user-register

 >ng g cl CustomValidators/user

export class User {
  constructor(
    public username: string = "",
    public email: string = "", 
    public password: string = "", 
    public confirmPassword: string = "" 
  ) {}
}

 >ng g d CustomValidators/EmailValidator -m custom-validators.module

import { Directive } from "@angular/core";
import { AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS, Validator } from "@angular/forms";

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appEmailValidator][formControlName],[appEmailValidator][formControl],[appEmailValidator][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EmailValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})
export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const emailRegex = /\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/;
    const valid = emailRegex.test(element.value);
    return valid ? null : { appEmailValidator: true };
  }
}

<input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control" 
name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email">

selector:
"[appEmailValidator][formControlName],[appEmailValidator][formControl],[appEmailValidator][ngModel]",

"apps": [
{
   // ...
   "prefix": "app",

 selector: "[appEmailValidator]"

  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EmailValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }

 export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {

 validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any }

validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
  const emailRegex = /\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*/;
  const valid = emailRegex.test(element.value);
  return valid ? null : { appEmailValidator: true };
}

<input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control"
name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email">

 { required:true }

{ minlength : {
     requiredLength : 3,
     actualLength : 1
   }
}

 { appEmailValidator: true }

<div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.appEmailValidator">
The entered email is not valid.
</div>

public password: string = "",
public confirmPassword: string = ""

 >ng g d CustomValidators/EqualValidator -m custom-validators.module

import { Directive, Attribute } from "@angular/core";
import { Validator, AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS } from "@angular/forms";

@Directive({
  selector:
    "[appValidateEqual][formControlName],[appValidateEqual][formControl],[appValidateEqual][ngModel]",
  providers: [
    {
      provide: NG_VALIDATORS,
      useExisting: EqualValidatorDirective,
      multi: true
    }
  ]
})
export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const selfValue = element.value;
    const otherControl = element.root.get(this.compareToControl);

    console.log("EqualValidatorDirective", {
       thisControlValue: selfValue,
       otherControlValue: otherControl ? otherControl.value : null
    });

    if (otherControl && selfValue !== otherControl.value) {
      return {
        appValidateEqual: true // Or a string such as 'Password mismatch.' or an abject.
      };
    }

    if (
      otherControl &&
      otherControl.errors &&
      selfValue === otherControl.value
    ) {
      delete otherControl.errors["appValidateEqual"];
      if (!Object.keys(otherControl.errors).length) {
        otherControl.setErrors(null);
      }
    }

    return null;
  }
}

export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

<input #password="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
appValidateEqual compare-to="confirmPassword" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password">

export class EqualValidatorDirective implements Validator {
  constructor(@Attribute("compare-to") public compareToControl: string) {}

  validate(element: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
    const selfValue = element.value;
    const otherControl = element.root.get(this.compareToControl);

    console.log("EqualValidatorDirective", {
       thisControlValue: selfValue,
       otherControlValue: otherControl ? otherControl.value : null
    });

    if (otherControl && selfValue !== otherControl.value) {
      return {
        appValidateEqual: true // Or a string such as 'Password mismatch.' or an abject.
      };
    }

    if (otherControl && otherControl.errors && selfValue === otherControl.value) {
      delete otherControl.errors["appValidateEqual"];
      if (!Object.keys(otherControl.errors).length) {
        otherControl.setErrors(null);
      }
    }

    return null;

import { NgForm } from "@angular/forms";
import { User } from "./../user";
import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";

@Component({
  selector: "app-user-register",
  templateUrl: "./user-register.component.html",
  styleUrls: ["./user-register.component.css"]
})
export class UserRegisterComponent implements OnInit {
  model = new User();

  constructor() {}

  ngOnInit() {}

  submitForm(form: NgForm) {
    console.log(this.model);
    console.log(form.value);
  }
}

<div class="container">
  <h3>Registration Form</h3>
  <form #form="ngForm" (submit)="submitForm(form)" novalidate>

    <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="username.invalid && username.touched">
      <label class="control-label">User Name</label>
      <input #username="ngModel" required maxlength="8" minlength="4" type="text"
        class="form-control" name="username" [(ngModel)]="model.username">
      <div *ngIf="username.invalid && username.touched">
        <div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ username.errors | json }}
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.required">
          username is required.
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.minlength">
          username should be minimum {{username.errors.minlength.requiredLength}} characters.
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="username.errors.maxlength">
          username should be max {{username.errors.maxlength.requiredLength}} characters.
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="email.invalid && email.touched">
      <label class="control-label">Email</label>
      <input #email="ngModel" required appEmailValidator type="text" class="form-control"
        name="email" [(ngModel)]="model.email">
      <div *ngIf="email.invalid && email.touched">
        <div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ email.errors | json }}
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.required">
          email is required.
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="email.errors.appEmailValidator">
          The entered email is not valid.
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="password.invalid && password.touched">
      <label class="control-label">Password</label>
      <input #password="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
        appValidateEqual compare-to="confirmPassword" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password">
      <div *ngIf="password.invalid && password.touched">
        <div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ password.errors | json }}
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="password.errors.required">
          password is required.
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="password.errors.appValidateEqual">
          Password mismatch. Please complete the confirmPassword .
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group" [class.has-error]="confirmPassword.invalid && confirmPassword.touched">
      <label class="control-label">Retype password</label>
      <input #confirmPassword="ngModel" required type="password" class="form-control"
        appValidateEqual compare-to="password" name="confirmPassword" [(ngModel)]="model.confirmPassword">
      <div *ngIf="confirmPassword.invalid && confirmPassword.touched">
        <div class="alert alert-info">
          errors: {{ confirmPassword.errors | json }}
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="confirmPassword.errors.required">
          confirmPassword is required.
        </div>
        <div class="alert alert-danger"  *ngIf="confirmPassword.errors.appValidateEqual">
          Password mismatch.
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <button class="btn btn-primary" [disabled]="form.invalid" type="submit">Ok</button>
  </form>
</div>

>npm install
>ng build --watch

>dotnet restore
>dotnet watch run

1.  URI-based versioning 
   
2.  Header-based versioning 
   
3.  Media type-based versioning 
   

 public class ItemsController : ApiController   
 {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemViewModel))]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemViewModel { Id = id, Name = "PS4", Country = "Japan" };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }
 public class ItemsV2Controller : ApiController
    {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemV2ViewModel))]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemV2ViewModel { Id = id, Name = "Xbox One", Country = "USA", Price = 529.99 };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }

config.Routes.MapHttpRoute("ItemsV2", "api/v2/items/{id}", new
{
    controller = "ItemsV2",
    id = RouteParameter.Optional
});
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute("Items", "api/items/{id}", new
{
    controller = "Items",
    id = RouteParameter.Optional
});
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "DefaultApi",
    routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
    defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);

public class VersionFinder
    {
        private static bool NeedsUriVersioning(HttpRequestMessage request, out string version)
        {
            var routeData = request.GetRouteData();
            if (routeData != null)
            {
                object versionFromRoute;
                if (routeData.Values.TryGetValue(nameof(version), out versionFromRoute))
                {
                    version = versionFromRoute as string;
                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(version))
                    {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
            version = null;
            return false;
        }
        private static int VersionToInt(string versionString)
        {
            int version;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(versionString) || !int.TryParse(versionString, out version))
                return 0;
            return version;
        }
        public static int GetVersionFromRequest(HttpRequestMessage request)
        {
            string version;

            return NeedsUriVersioning(request, out version) ? VersionToInt(version) : 0;
        }
    }

 public class VersionAwareControllerSelector : DefaultHttpControllerSelector
    {
        public VersionAwareControllerSelector(HttpConfiguration configuration) : base(configuration) { }
        public override string GetControllerName(HttpRequestMessage request)
        {
            var controllerName = base.GetControllerName(request);
            var version = VersionFinder.GetVersionFromRequest(request);
                
        return version > 0 ? GetVersionedControllerName(request, controllerName, version) : controllerName;
        }
        private string GetVersionedControllerName(HttpRequestMessage request, string baseControllerName,
        int version)
        {
            var versionControllerName = $"{baseControllerName}v{version}";
            HttpControllerDescriptor descriptor;
            if (GetControllerMapping().TryGetValue(versionControllerName, out descriptor))
            {
                return versionControllerName;
            }

            throw new HttpResponseException(request.CreateErrorResponse(
            HttpStatusCode.NotFound,
                $"No HTTP resource was found that matches the URI {request.RequestUri} and version number {version}"));
        }
    }

config.Services.Replace(typeof(IHttpControllerSelector), new VersionAwareControllerSelector(config));

[RoutePrefix("api/v1/Items")]
    public class ItemsController : ApiController
    {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemViewModel))]
        [Route("{id:int}")]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemViewModel { Id = id, Name = "PS4", Country =        "Japan" };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }


 [RoutePrefix("api/V2/Items")]
    public class ItemsV2Controller : ApiController
    {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemV2ViewModel))]
        [Route("{id:int}")]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemV2ViewModel { Id = id, Name = "Xbox One", Country = "USA", Price = 529.99 };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }

var constraintsResolver = new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver();
            constraintsResolver.ConstraintMap.Add(nameof(VersionConstraint), typeof
            (VersionConstraint));
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(constraintsResolver);

  public class NamespaceControllerSelector : IHttpControllerSelector
    {
        private readonly HttpConfiguration _configuration;
        private readonly Lazy<Dictionary<string, HttpControllerDescriptor>> _controllers;
        public NamespaceControllerSelector(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            _configuration = config;
            _controllers = new Lazy<Dictionary<string,
                HttpControllerDescriptor>>(InitializeControllerDictionary);
        }
        public HttpControllerDescriptor SelectController(HttpRequestMessage request)
        {
            var routeData = request.GetRouteData();
            if (routeData == null)
            {
                throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            }

            var controllerName = GetControllerName(routeData);
            if (controllerName == null)
            {
                throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            }
            var version = GetVersion(routeData);
            if (version == null)
            {
                throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            }
            var controllerKey = string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "{0}.{1}",
                version, controllerName);
            HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor;
            if (_controllers.Value.TryGetValue(controllerKey, out controllerDescriptor))
            {
                return controllerDescriptor;
            }
            throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
        }
        public IDictionary<string, HttpControllerDescriptor> GetControllerMapping()
        {
            return _controllers.Value;
        }
        private Dictionary<string, HttpControllerDescriptor> InitializeControllerDictionary()
        {
            var dictionary = new Dictionary<string,
                HttpControllerDescriptor>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
            var assembliesResolver = _configuration.Services.GetAssembliesResolver();
            var controllersResolver = _configuration.Services.GetHttpControllerTypeResolver();
            var controllerTypes = controllersResolver.GetControllerTypes(assembliesResolver);
            foreach (var controllerType in controllerTypes)
            {
                var segments = controllerType.Namespace.Split(Type.Delimiter);
                var controllerName =
                    controllerType.Name.Remove(controllerType.Name.Length -
                                               DefaultHttpControllerSelector.ControllerSuffix.Length);
                var controllerKey = string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "{0}.{1}",
                    segments[segments.Length - 1], controllerName);

                if (!dictionary.Keys.Contains(controllerKey))
                {
                    dictionary[controllerKey] = new HttpControllerDescriptor(_configuration,
                        controllerType.Name,
                        controllerType);
                }
            }
            return dictionary;
        }
        private static T GetRouteVariable<T>(IHttpRouteData routeData, string name)
        {
            object result;
            if (routeData.Values.TryGetValue(name, out result))
            {
                return (T)result;
            }
            return default(T);
        }
        private static string GetControllerName(IHttpRouteData routeData)
        {
            var subroute = routeData.GetSubRoutes().FirstOrDefault();
            var dataTokenValue = subroute?.Route.DataTokens.First().Value;
            var controllerName =
                ((HttpActionDescriptor[])dataTokenValue)?.First().ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName.Replace("Controller", string.Empty);
            return controllerName;
        }
        private static string GetVersion(IHttpRouteData routeData)
        {
            var subRouteData = routeData.GetSubRoutes().FirstOrDefault();
            return subRouteData == null ? null : GetRouteVariable<string>(subRouteData, "version");
        }
    }

public IDictionary<string, HttpControllerDescriptor> GetControllerMapping()

 public static class WebApiConfig
    {
        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            var constraintsResolver = new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver();
            constraintsResolver.ConstraintMap.Add(nameof(VersionConstraint), typeof
            (VersionConstraint));

            config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(constraintsResolver);

            config.Services.Replace(typeof(IHttpControllerSelector), new NamespaceControllerSelector(config));

        }
    }

public class HeaderVersionConstraint : IHttpRouteConstraint
    {
        private const string VersionHeaderName = "api-version";

        public HeaderVersionConstraint(int allowedVersion)
        {
            AllowedVersion = allowedVersion;
        }

        public int AllowedVersion { get; }

        public bool Match(HttpRequestMessage request, IHttpRoute route, string parameterName,
            IDictionary<string, object> values,
            HttpRouteDirection routeDirection)
        {
            if (!request.Headers.Contains(VersionHeaderName)) return false;

            var version = request.Headers.GetValues(VersionHeaderName).FirstOrDefault();

            return VersionToInt(version) == AllowedVersion;
        }
        private static int VersionToInt(string versionString)
        {
            int version;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(versionString) || !int.TryParse(versionString, out version))
                return 0;
            return version;
        }
    }

public sealed class HeaderVersionedRouteAttribute : RouteFactoryAttribute
    {
        public HeaderVersionedRouteAttribute(string template) : base(template)
        {
            Order = -1;
        }

        public int Version { get; set; }

        public override IDictionary<string, object> Constraints => new HttpRouteValueDictionary
        {
            {"", new HeaderVersionConstraint(Version)}
        };
    }

    [RoutePrefix("api/items")]
    public class ItemsController : ApiController
    {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemViewModel))]
        [HeaderVersionedRoute("{id}", Version = 1)]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemViewModel { Id = id, Name = "PS4", Country = "Japan" };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }
  [RoutePrefix("api/items")]
    public class ItemsV2Controller : ApiController
    {
        [ResponseType(typeof(ItemV2ViewModel))]
        [HeaderVersionedRoute("{id}", Version = 2)]
        public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
        {
            var viewModel = new ItemV2ViewModel { Id = id, Name = "Xbox One", Country = "USA", Price = 529.99 };
            return Ok(viewModel);
        }
    }

public static IEnumerable<TResult> Join<TOuter,TInner,TKey,TResult>
(this IEnumerable<TOuter> outer,
IEnumerable<TInner> inner,
Func<TOuter,TKey> outerKeySelector,
Func<TInner,TKey> innerKeySelector,
Func<TOuter,TInner,TResult> resultSelector)

Mashed Potato - Tasty!
Mashed Potato - Not nice :(
Mashed Potato - Pretty good
Crispy Duck - Too hard
Crispy Duck - Loved it

var query =
recipes.Join
(reviews,
outerKey => outerKey.Id,
innerKey => innerKey.RecipeId,
(recipe, review) => recipe.Name + " - " + review.ReviewText);

Reviews for Mashed Potato
 - Tasty!
 - Not nice :(
 - Pretty good
Reviews for Crispy Duck
 - Too hard
 - Loved it
Reviews for Sachertorte

var query =
from recipe in recipes
join review in reviews on recipe.Id equals review.RecipeId
into reviewGroup
select new //انواع بی نام
{
  RecipeName = recipe.Name,
  Reviews = reviewGroup//کلیه بازخورد‌ها مرتبط با یک دستور غذایی
};

Reviews for Mashed Potato
 - Tasty!
 - Not nice :(
 - Pretty good
Reviews for Crispy Duck
 - Too hard
 - Loved it
Reviews for Sachertorte

 public class Ingredient
{
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public int Calories { get; set; }
}

string[] names = { "Flour", "Butter", "Sugar" };
int[] calories = { 100, 400, 500 };
IEnumerable<Ingredient> ingredients =
names.Zip(calories, (name, calorie) =>
new Ingredient
{
  Name = name,
  Calories = calorie
});
foreach (var item in ingredients)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{item.Name} has {item.Calories} calories");
}

Flour has 100 calories
Butter has 400 calories
Sugar has 500 calories

> ng build --help

"apps": [
{
   "outDir": "dist",

 > npm install -g source-map-explorer

 > source-map-explorer dist/main.bundle.js

 D:\Prog\angular-routing>ng build
Hash: 123cae8bd8e571f44c31
Time: 33862ms
chunk {0} polyfills.bundle.js, polyfills.bundle.js.map (polyfills) 158 kB {4} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {1} main.bundle.js, main.bundle.js.map (main) 14.7 kB {3} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {2} styles.bundle.js, styles.bundle.js.map (styles) 9.77 kB {4} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {3} vendor.bundle.js, vendor.bundle.js.map (vendor) 2.34 MB [initial] [rendered]
chunk {4} inline.bundle.js, inline.bundle.js.map (inline) 0 bytes [entry] [rendered]

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>AngularRouting</title>
  <base href="/">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico">
</head>
<body>
  <app-root>Loading...</app-root>
<script type="text/javascript" src="inline.bundle.js">
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="polyfills.bundle.js">
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="styles.bundle.js">
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="vendor.bundle.js">
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="main.bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

 > source-map-explorer dist/vendor.bundle.js

>ng build --target=development --environment=dev
>ng build --dev -e=dev
>ng build --dev
>ng build

>ng build --target=production --environment=prod
>ng build --prod -e=prod
>ng build --prod

 D:\Prog\angular-routing>ng build --prod
Hash: f5bd7fd555a85af8a86f
Time: 39932ms
chunk {0} polyfills.18173234f9641113b9fe.bundle.js (polyfills) 158 kB {4} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {1} main.c6958def7c5f51c45261.bundle.js (main) 50.3 kB {3} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {2} styles.d41d8cd98f00b204e980.bundle.css (styles) 69 bytes {4} [initial] [rendered]
chunk {3} vendor.b426ba6883193375121e.bundle.js (vendor) 1.37 MB [initial] [rendered]
chunk {4} inline.8cec210370dd3af5f1a0.bundle.js (inline) 0 bytes [entry] [rendered]

> ng build --prod --sourcemap
> source-map-explorer dist/vendor.b426ba6883193375121e.bundle.js

 > ng serve --help

 > ng eject
Ejection was successful.

To run your builds, you now need to do the following commands:
- "npm run build" to build.
- "npm run test" to run unit tests.
- "npm start" to serve the app using webpack-dev-server.
- "npm run e2e" to run protractor.

Running the equivalent CLI commands will result in an error.
============================================
Some packages were added. Please run "npm install".