namespace System.Net.Http.Json {
    public static class HttpClientJsonExtensions {
        public static Task<object> GetFromJsonAsync(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, Type type, JsonSerializerOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<object> GetFromJsonAsync(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, Type type, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<object> GetFromJsonAsync(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, Type type, JsonSerializerOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<object> GetFromJsonAsync(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, Type type, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<TValue> GetFromJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, JsonSerializerOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<TValue> GetFromJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<TValue> GetFromJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, JsonSerializerOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<TValue> GetFromJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, TValue value, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, TValue value, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, TValue value, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, TValue value, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PutAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, TValue value, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PutAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, string requestUri, TValue value, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PutAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, TValue value, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<HttpResponseMessage> PutAsJsonAsync<TValue>(this HttpClient client, Uri requestUri, TValue value, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
    }

    public static class HttpContentJsonExtensions {
        public static Task<object> ReadFromJsonAsync(this HttpContent content, Type type, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
        public static Task<T> ReadFromJsonAsync<T>(this HttpContent content, JsonSerializerOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
    }

    public sealed class JsonContent : HttpContent {
        public Type ObjectType { get; }
        public object Value { get; }
        public static JsonContent Create(object inputValue, Type inputType, MediaTypeHeaderValue mediaType = null, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        public static JsonContent Create<T>(T inputValue, MediaTypeHeaderValue mediaType = null, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);
        protected override void SerializeToStream(Stream stream, TransportContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        protected override Task SerializeToStreamAsync(Stream stream, TransportContext context);
        protected override Task SerializeToStreamAsync(Stream stream, TransportContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        protected override bool TryComputeLength(out long length);
    }
}

var httpClient = new HttpClient();
httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://localhost:5000");

var profiles = await httpClient.GetFromJsonAsync<Profile[]>("api/users/profiles");

var profile = new Profile { FirstName = "User 1", LastName = "Name 1", Age = 25 };
using var response1 = await httpClient.PostAsJsonAsync("api/users/profiles", profile);
response1.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();


var updatedProfile = new Profile { FirstName = "User 2", LastName = "Name 2", Age = 40 };
using var response2 = await httpClient.PutAsJsonAsync("api/users/profiles", profile);
response2.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

var profile = new Profile { FirstName = "User 1", LastName = "Name 1", Age = 25 };
var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(profile);
var stringContent = new StringContent(json, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
using var response4 = await httpClient.PostAsync("api/users/profiles", stringContent);
response4.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

var httpClient = new HttpClient();
httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://localhost:5000");

var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "api/users/profiles");
using var response1 = await httpClient.SendAsync(request);
if (response1.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
  var profiles = await response1.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<Profile[]>();
}

var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, "api/users/profiles");
using var response2 = await httpClient.SendAsync(request);
if (response2.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
   using var streamResult = await response2.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync();
   var profiles = JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsync<Profile[]>(streamResult);
}

var httpClient = new HttpClient();
var uri = "https://localhost:5000";
httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(uri);

var requestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "https://localhost:5000")
{
   Content = JsonContent.Create(new Profile { FirstName = "User 1", LastName = "Name 1", Age = 25 })
};
using var reponse1 = await httpClient.SendAsync(requestMessage);
reponse1.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

public ActionResult Details(int id)
        {
            var user=_userService.GetById(3); // این متد ممکن است مقداری برگرداند و یا مقدار نال برگرداند
            if( user == null)
                 return HttpNotFound();
            return View(user);
        }

public ActionResult Details(int id)
        {
            var user = _userService
                            .GetById(3)
                            .DefaultIfEmpty(new User())
                            .Single();
            return View(user);
        }

public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
    return 
        Search<ActionResult>(id)
        .OnExistValue(View("Details"))
        .OnNotExistValue(new HttpNotFoundResult())
        .ToValue();
}

public class Maybe<T, TResult> : IEnumerable<T>
    {
        private readonly T[] _data;
        private readonly TResult _result;

        private Maybe(T[] data)
        {
            _data = data;
        }

        private Maybe(TResult result)
        {
            _result = result;
        }

        public TResult ToValue() => _result;
        public Maybe<T, TResult> OnExistValue(TResult result) => _data.Any() ? new Maybe<T, TResult>(result) : this;

        public Maybe<T, TResult> OnNotExistValue(TResult result) => _result == null ? new Maybe<T, TResult>(result) : this; 

        public static Maybe<T, TResult> Create(T element) => new Maybe<T, TResult>(new[] {element});

    public static Maybe<T, TResult> CreateEmpty() => new Maybe<T, TResult>(new T[0]);

    public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator() => ((IEnumerable<T>) _data).GetEnumerator();

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => this.GetEnumerator();
}

public Maybe<User, TResult> Search<TResult>(int id)
{
    var lst = new User[] {};

    var r = lst.Where(x => x.Id == id).ToList();
    return r.Any() ? Maybe<User, TResult>.Create(r[0]) : Maybe<User, TResult>.CreateEmpty();
}

 public bool ExistsByPhoneNumber(string phoneNumber, long id)
        {
            return
                _users.Any(
                    user => user.Id != id && user.PhoneNumber == phoneNumber);
        }

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
  app.UseAntiDos();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.Configure<AntiDosConfig>(options => Configuration.GetSection("AntiDosConfig").Bind(options));

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
  app.UseAntiDos();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.Configure<AntiDosConfig>(options => Configuration.GetSection("AntiDosConfig").Bind(options));

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
  app.UseAntiDos();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.Configure<AntiDosConfig>(options => Configuration.GetSection("AntiDosConfig").Bind(options));

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
{
  app.UseAntiDos();

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
   services.Configure<AntiDosConfig>(options => Configuration.GetSection("AntiDosConfig").Bind(options));

"dependencies": {
    "rxjs": "5.0.0-beta.2"
 },

 <!-- Required for http -->
<script src="~/node_modules/angular2/bundles/http.dev.js"></script>

import { Component } from 'angular2/core';
import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from 'angular2/http';
import 'rxjs/Rx';   // Load all features
 
import { ProductListComponent } from './products/product-list.component';
import { ProductService } from './products/product.service';
 
@Component({
    selector: 'pm-app',
    template:`
    <div><h1>{{pageTitle}}</h1>
        <pm-products></pm-products>
    </div>
    `,
    directives: [ProductListComponent],
    providers: [
        ProductService,
        HTTP_PROVIDERS
    ]
})
export class AppComponent {
    pageTitle: string = "DNT AngularJS 2.0 APP";
}

namespace MVC5Angular2.Models
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int ProductId { set; get; }
        public string ProductName { set; get; }
        public string ProductCode { set; get; }
        public string ReleaseDate { set; get; }
        public decimal Price { set; get; }
        public string Description { set; get; }
        public double StarRating { set; get; }
        public string ImageUrl { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using MVC5Angular2.Models;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;
 
namespace MVC5Angular2.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Home
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
 
        public ActionResult Products()
        {
            var products = new List<Product>
            {
               new Product
               {
                    ProductId= 2,
                    ProductName= "Garden Cart",
                    ProductCode= "GDN-0023",
                    ReleaseDate= "March 18, 2016",
                    Description= "15 gallon capacity rolling garden cart",
                    Price= (decimal) 32.99,
                    StarRating= 4.2,
                    ImageUrl= "app/assets/images/garden_cart.png"
               },
               new Product
               {
                    ProductId= 5,
                    ProductName= "Hammer",
                    ProductCode= "TBX-0048",
                    ReleaseDate= "May 21, 2016",
                    Description= "Curved claw steel hammer",
                    Price= (decimal) 8.9,
                    StarRating= 4.8,
                    ImageUrl= "app/assets/images/rejon_Hammer.png"
               }
            };
 
            return new ContentResult
            {
                Content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(products, new JsonSerializerSettings
                {
                    ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver()
                }),
                ContentType = "application/json",
                ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8
            };
        }
    }
}

import { Injectable } from 'angular2/core';
import { IProduct } from './product';
import { Http, Response } from 'angular2/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
 
@Injectable()
export class ProductService {
    private _productUrl = '/home/products';
 
    constructor(private _http: Http) { }
 
    getProducts(): Observable<IProduct[]> {
        return this._http.get(this._productUrl)
                         .map((response: Response) => <IProduct[]>response.json())
                         .do(data => console.log("All: " + JSON.stringify(data)))
                         .catch(this.handleError);
    }
 
    private handleError(error: Response) {
        console.error(error);
        return Observable.throw(error.json().error || 'Server error');
    }
}

errorMessage: string;
ngOnInit(): void {
    //console.log('In OnInit');
    this._productService.getProducts()
                        .subscribe(
                              products => this.products = products,
                              error => this.errorMessage = <any>error);
}

 EXCEPTION: No provider for Http!

 /// <summary>
    /// Represents The Post of Forum
    /// </summary>
    public class ForumPost : AuditBaseEntity
    {
        #region Ctor
        /// <summary>
        /// create one instance of <see cref="ForumPost"/>
        /// </summary>
        public ForumPost()
        {
            CreatedOn = DateTime.Now;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Properties
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets body of this post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Body { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Count of this post's reports
        /// </summary>
        public virtual int ReportsCount { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets information of User-Agent
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Agent { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets rating values 
        /// <remarks>is a complex type</remarks>
        /// </summary>
        public virtual Rating Rating { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets author's ip address
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string CreatorIp { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets status of this post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ForumPostStatus Status { get; set; }
        #endregion

        #region NavigationProperties
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets ParentPost of this post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ForumPost Reply { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets ParentPost's Id of this post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual long? ReplyId { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets 
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ICollection<ForumPost> Children { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Topic That Associated with this Post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ForumTopic Topic { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Id of Topic That Associated with this Post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual long TopicId { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// get or sets  Histories of this Post's Updates
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ICollection<ForumPostHistory> Histories { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Forum that this post created in it . used for retrive posts count 
        /// </summary>
        public virtual Forum Forum { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets id of Forum that this post created in it . used for retrive posts count 
        /// </summary>
        public virtual long ForumId { get; set; }
        #endregion
    }

 public enum ForumPostStatus 
    {
        /* 0 - approved, 1 - pending, 2 - spam, -1 - trash */
        [Display(Name = "تأیید شده")]
        Approved = 0,
        [Display(Name = "در انتظار بررسی")]
        Pending = 1,
        [Display(Name = "جفنگ")]
        Spam = 2,
        [Display(Name = "زباله دان")]
        Trash = -1
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// Represents History Of Post's Updates
    /// </summary>
    public class ForumPostHistory 
    {
        #region Ctor
        /// <summary>
        /// create one instance of <see cref="ForumPostHistory"/>
        /// </summary>
        public ForumPostHistory()
        {
            Id = SequentialGuidGenerator.NewSequentialGuid();
            CreatedOn = DateTime.Now;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Properties
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Identifier of this history
        /// </summary>
        public virtual Guid Id { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Reason of  update
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Reason { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets DateTime that this record added
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime CreatedOn { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets body of this post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Body { get; set; }
        #endregion
        
        #region NavigationProperties
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual ForumPost Post { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets Id Of Post
        /// </summary>
        public virtual long PostId { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets User that modified this Record
        /// </summary>
        public virtual User Modifier { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// gets or sets if of User that modified this Record
        /// </summary>
        public virtual long ModifierId { get; set; }
        #endregion
    }

اگر خصوصیت ModifyLocked مربوط به مدل ForumPost که آن را از کلاس پایه AuditBaseEntity به ارث برده است، دارای مقدار true باشد، این امکان وجود خواهد داشت تا بتوان پست مورد نظر را ویرایش کرده و اطلاعات قبلی، در قالب یک رکورد در جدول حاصل از مدل بالا ثبت شوند.

• ExpireOn : زمان اتمام فرصت رای دهی که اگر نال باشد در آن صورت زمان انقضا نخواهد داشت.
• IsMultiSelect : اگر انتخاب چندگزینه‌ای مجاز باشد، این خصوصیت، با مقدار true مقدار دهی می‌شود.
• VotesCount : به منظور افزایش کارآیی در نظر گرفته شده است و تعداد کل رای‌های داده شده‌ی به نظرسنجی را در بر می‌گیرد.
• Voters : برای جلوگیری از رای دهی چند باره‌ی کاربر به یک نظرسنجی، یک ارتباط چند به چند بین کاربر و نظرسنجی برقرار کرده‌ایم. هر کاربر به چند نظر سنجی می‌تواند پاسخ دهد و به هر نظرسنجی توسط چندین کاربر رای داده می‌شود.
• PollOptions : هر نظر سنجی تعدادی گزینه‌ی انتخابی هم خواهد داشت که برای همین منظور و اعمال ارتباط یک به چند بین نظرسنجی و گزینه‌های انتخابی، لیستی از PollOption را در مدل بالا تعریف کرده‌ایم.

نتیجه تا این قسمت