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Today, I answer a number of beginner questions about what is ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET, .NET and many others. 

JavaScript Garden is a growing collection of documentation about the most quirky parts of the JavaScript programming language 

Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 provider --> Excel 97-2003 format (.xls)
Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 provider --> Excel 2007+ format (.xlsx)

PM> Install-Package ExcelDataReader
PM> Install-Package ExcelDataReader.DataSet

public ActionResult Upload()
{
      return View();
}

[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Upload(HttpPostedFileBase upload)
{  
           // اعتبار سنجی فایل آپلود شده
            if (upload != null && upload.ContentLength > 0 && (upload.FileName.EndsWith(".xls") || upload.FileName.EndsWith(".xlsx")))
            {
                // با خواندن فایل به صورت باینری، این کتابخانه نیازی به نصب پیش نیازهای آفیس ندارد
                Stream stream = upload.InputStream;

                //  نیازی به نگرانی در مورد پسوند فایل نیست
                // کتابخانه به صورت خودکار کلاس مورد نظر برای پسوند مربوطه را استفاده می‌کند
                // ExcelDataReader.ExcelBinaryReader یا ExcelDataReader.ExcelOpenXmlReader
                IExcelDataReader reader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateReader(stream);

                // روش ذکر شده در قسمت دوم برای خواندن کل اطلاعات بصورت یکجا
                DataSet result = reader.AsDataSet(new ExcelDataSetConfiguration()
               {
                    ConfigureDataTable = (tableReader) => new ExcelDataTableConfiguration()
                    {
                        // true: ردیف اول از فایل را به عنوان هدر در نظر می‌گیرد
                        // مقدار پیش فرض: false
                        UseHeaderRow = true
                    }
                });

                reader.Close();
                return View(result.Tables[0]);
            }
      ModelState.AddModelError("File", "Please upload Excel file ...");
      return View();
 }  

do {
        while (reader.Read()) {
       // reader.GetDouble(0);
        }
    } while (reader.NextResult());

@model System.Data.DataTable
@using System.Data;

<h2>Upload File</h2>

@using (Html.BeginForm("Upload", "Home", null, FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
    @Html.ValidationSummary()

    <div>
        <input type="file" id="dataFile" name="upload" />
    </div>

    <div>
        <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
    </div>

    if (Model != null)
    {
        <table>
            <thead>
                <tr>
                    @foreach (DataColumn col in Model.Columns)
                    {
                        <th>@col.ColumnName</th>
                    }
                </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
                @foreach (DataRow row in Model.Rows)
                {
                    <tr>
                        @foreach (DataColumn col in Model.Columns)
                        {
                            <td>@row[col.ColumnName]</td>
                        }
                    </tr>
                }
            </tbody>
        </table>
    }
}

 Install-Package MvcAjaxPager

public class Topic
{
   public int Id;
   public string Title;
   public string Text;
}

public class TopicService
{
    public static IEnumerable<Topic> Topics = new List<Topic>() {
       new Topic{Id=1,Title="Title 1",Text= "Text 1"},
       new Topic{Id=2,Title="Title 2",Text="Text 2"},
       new Topic{Id=3,Title="Title 3",Text="Text 3"},
       new Topic{Id=4,Title="Title 4",Text="Text 4"},
       new Topic{Id=5,Title="Title 5",Text="Text 5"},
       new Topic{Id=6,Title="Title 6",Text="Text 6"},
       new Topic{Id=7,Title="Title 7",Text="Text 7"},
       new Topic{Id=8,Title="Title 8",Text="Text 8"},
       new Topic{Id=9,Title="Title 9",Text="Text 9"},
       new Topic{Id=10,Title="Title 10",Text="Text 10"},
       new Topic{Id=11,Title="Title 11",Text="Text 11"},
       new Topic{Id=12,Title="Title 12",Text="Text 12"},
       new Topic{Id=13,Title="Title 13",Text="Text 13"},
       new Topic{Id=14,Title="Title 14",Text="Text 14"},
       new Topic{Id=15,Title="Title 15",Text="Text 15"},
       new Topic{Id=16,Title="Title 16",Text="Text 16"},
       new Topic{Id=17,Title="Title 17",Text="Text 17"},
       new Topic{Id=18,Title="Title 18",Text="Text 18"},
       new Topic{Id=19,Title="Title 19",Text="Text 19"},
       new Topic{Id=20,Title="Title 20",Text="Text 20"},
       new Topic{Id=21,Title="Title 21",Text="Text 21"},
       new Topic{Id=22,Title="Title 22",Text="Text 22"},
      };

    public static IEnumerable<Topic> GetAll()
    {
       return Topics.OrderBy(row => row.Id);
    }
}

public class ListViewModel
{
   public IEnumerable<Topic> Topics { get; set; }
   public int PageIndex { get; set; }
   public int TotalItemCount { get; set; }
}

public ActionResult Index(int page = 1)
{
       var topics = TopicService.GetAll ();
       int totalItemCount = topics.Count();
       var model = new ListViewModel()
       {
              PageIndex = page,
              Topics = topics.OrderBy(p => p.Id).Skip((page - 1) * 10).Take(10).ToList(),
              TotalItemCount = totalItemCount
       };

       if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
       {
              return View(model);
       }

       return PartialView("_TopicList", model);
}

@using MvcAjaxPager
@model ListViewModel

@Html.AjaxPager(Model.TotalItemCount, 10, Model.PageIndex, "Index", "Home", null, new PagerOptions
   {
       ShowDisabledPagerItems = true,
       AlwaysShowFirstLastPageNumber = true,
       HorizontalAlign = "center",
       ShowFirstLast = false,
       CssClass = "NavigationBox",
       AjaxUpdateTargetId = "dvTopics",
       AjaxOnBegin = "AjaxStart",
       AjaxOnComplete = "AjaxStop"
   }, null, null)

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("ID")
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("Title")
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("Text")
        </th>
    </tr>

    @foreach (var topic in Model.Topics)
    {
        <tr>
            <td>
                @topic.Id
        </td>
        <td>
            @topic.Title
        </td>
        <td>
            @topic.Text
        </td>
    </tr>
    }
</table>

@Html.AjaxPager(Model.TotalItemCount, 10, Model.PageIndex, "Index", "Home", null, new PagerOptions
   {
       ShowDisabledPagerItems = true,
       AlwaysShowFirstLastPageNumber = true,
       HorizontalAlign = "center",
       ShowFirstLast = true,
       FirstPageText = "اولین",
       LastPageText = "آخرین",
       MorePageText = "...",
       PrevPageText = "قبلی",
       NextPageText = "بعدی",
       CssClass = "NavigationBox",
       AjaxUpdateTargetId = "dvTopics",
       AjaxOnBegin = "AjaxStart",
       AjaxOnComplete = "AjaxStop"
   }, null, null)

@using MvcAjaxPager
@model ListViewModel
@{
    Layout = null;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="dvTopics">
        @{
            @Html.Partial("_TopicList", Model);
        }
    </div>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.2.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/path.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.pager-1.0.1.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $('.NavigationBox').pager();

        //pagination before start
        function AjaxStart() {
            console.log('Start AJAX call. Loading message can be shown');
        }
        // pagination - after request
        function AjaxStop() {
            console.log('Stop AJAX call. Loading message can be hidden');
        };
    </script>
</body>
</html>

Claim type: sid - Claim value: f3940d6e58cbb576669ee49c90e22cb1
Claim type: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/nameidentifier - Claim value: d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7
Claim type: http://schemas.microsoft.com/identity/claims/identityprovider - Claim value: local
Claim type: http://schemas.microsoft.com/claims/authnmethodsreferences - Claim value: pwd
Claim type: given_name - Claim value: Vahid
Claim type: family_name - Claim value: N

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
            JwtSecurityTokenHandler.DefaultInboundClaimTypeMap.Clear();
        }

• Claim type: sid - Claim value: 91f5a09da5cdbbe18762526da1b996fb
• Claim type: sub - Claim value: d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7
• Claim type: idp - Claim value: local
• Claim type: given_name - Claim value: Vahid
• Claim type: family_name - Claim value: N

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
// ...
              .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc", options =>
              {
  // ...
                  options.ClaimActions.Remove("amr");
                  options.ClaimActions.DeleteClaim("sid");
                  options.ClaimActions.DeleteClaim("idp");
              });
        }

• Claim type: sub - Claim value: d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7
• Claim type: amr - Claim value: pwd
• Claim type: given_name - Claim value: Vahid
• Claim type: family_name - Claim value: N

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // identity-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new List<IdentityResource>
            {
                new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
                new IdentityResources.Profile(),
                new IdentityResources.Address()
            };
        }

AllowedScopes =
{
    IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OpenId,
    IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Profile,
    IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Address
},

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
// ...
                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
// ...
                        new Claim("address", "Main Road 1")
                    }
                },
                new TestUser
                {
// ...
                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
// ...
                        new Claim("address", "Big Street 2")
                    }
                }
            };
        }

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
// ...
              .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc", options =>
              {
   // ...
                  options.Scope.Add("address");
   // …
   options.ClaimActions.DeleteClaim("address");
              });
        }

GET idphostaddress/connect/userinfo
Authorization: Bearer R9aty5OPlk

dotnet add package IdentityModel

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        public async Task<IActionResult> OrderFrame()
        {
            var discoveryClient = new DiscoveryClient(_configuration["IDPBaseAddress"]);
            var metaDataResponse = await discoveryClient.GetAsync();

            var userInfoClient = new UserInfoClient(metaDataResponse.UserInfoEndpoint);

            var accessToken = await HttpContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken);
            var response = await userInfoClient.GetAsync(accessToken);
            if (response.IsError)
            {
                throw new Exception("Problem accessing the UserInfo endpoint.", response.Exception);
            }

            var address = response.Claims.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Type == "address")?.Value;
            return View(new OrderFrameViewModel(address));
        }

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.ViewModels
{
    public class OrderFrameViewModel
    {
        public string Address { get; } = string.Empty;

        public OrderFrameViewModel(string address)
        {
            Address = address;
        }
    }
}

@model ImageGallery.MvcClient.ViewModels.OrderFrameViewModel
<div class="container">
    <div class="h3 bottomMarginDefault">Order a framed version of your favorite picture.</div>
    <div class="text bottomMarginSmall">We've got this address on record for you:</div>
    <div class="text text-info bottomMarginSmall">@Model.Address</div>
    <div class="text">If this isn't correct, please contact us.</div>
</div>

<li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
//...
                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
//...
                        new Claim("role", "PayingUser")
                    }
                },
                new TestUser
                {
//...
                    Claims = new List<Claim>
                    {
//...
                        new Claim("role", "FreeUser")
                    }
                }
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new List<IdentityResource>
            {
                // ...
                new IdentityResource(
                    name: "roles",
                    displayName: "Your role(s)",
                    claimTypes: new List<string>() { "role" })
            };
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
// ...
                    AllowedScopes =
                    {
// ...
                        "roles"
                    }
// ...
                }
             };
        }

options.Scope.Add("roles");

• Claim type: sub - Claim value: d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7
• Claim type: amr - Claim value: pwd
• Claim type: given_name - Claim value: Vahid
• Claim type: family_name - Claim value: N

options.ClaimActions.MapUniqueJsonKey(claimType: "role", jsonKey: "role");

• Claim type: sub - Claim value: d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7
• Claim type: amr - Claim value: pwd
• Claim type: given_name - Claim value: Vahid
• Claim type: family_name - Claim value: N
• Claim type: role - Claim value: PayingUser

@if(User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
   <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
    NameClaimType = JwtClaimTypes.GivenName,
    RoleClaimType = JwtClaimTypes.Role,
};

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        [Authorize(Roles = "PayingUser")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> OrderFrame()
        {

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

public class AuthorizationController : Controller
{
    public IActionResult AccessDenied()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

<div class="container">
    <div class="h3">Woops, looks like you're not authorized to view this page.</div>
    <div>Would you prefer to <a asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="Logout">log in as someone else</a>?</div>
</div>

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthentication(options =>
            {
                // ...
            }).AddCookie("Cookies", options =>
              {
                  options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Authorization/AccessDenied";
              })
// ...

Here’s a summary of what’s new in this preview release:

• Output caching improvements
• Dynamic authentication requests with msal.js
• Improved diagnostics for authentication in Blazor WebAssembly
• WebAssembly multithreading (experimental)