AspNetCoreRateLimit is an ASP.NET Core rate limiting solution designed to control the rate of requests that clients can make to a Web API or MVC app based on IP address or client ID. The AspNetCoreRateLimit package contains an IpRateLimitMiddleware and a ClientRateLimitMiddleware, with each middleware you can set multiple limits for different scenarios like allowing an IP or Client to make a maximum number of calls in a time interval like per second, 15 minutes, etc. You can define these limits to address all requests made to an API or you can scope the limits to each API URL or HTTP verb and path.

using System.Security.Claims;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization; // dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization

namespace BlazorServer.Common
{
    public static class PolicyTypes
    {
        public const string RequireAdmin = nameof(RequireAdmin);
        public const string RequireCustomer = nameof(RequireCustomer);
        public const string RequireEmployee = nameof(RequireEmployee);
        public const string RequireEmployeeOrCustomer = nameof(RequireEmployeeOrCustomer);

        public static AuthorizationOptions AddAppPolicies(this AuthorizationOptions options)
        {
            options.AddPolicy(RequireAdmin, policy => policy.RequireRole(ConstantRoles.Admin));
            options.AddPolicy(RequireCustomer, policy =>
                    policy.RequireAssertion(context =>
                        context.User.HasClaim(claim => claim.Type == ClaimTypes.Role
                            && (claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Admin || claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Customer))
                    ));
            options.AddPolicy(RequireEmployee, policy =>
                    policy.RequireAssertion(context =>
                        context.User.HasClaim(claim => claim.Type == ClaimTypes.Role
                            && (claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Admin || claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Employee))
                    ));

            options.AddPolicy(RequireEmployeeOrCustomer, policy =>
                                policy.RequireAssertion(context =>
                                    context.User.HasClaim(claim => claim.Type == ClaimTypes.Role
                                        && (claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Admin ||
                                            claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Employee ||
                                            claim.Value == ConstantRoles.Customer))
                                ));
            return options;
        }
    }
}

namespace BlazorWasm.WebApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        // ...

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            // ...

            services.AddAuthorization(options => options.AddAppPolicies());

            // ...

namespace BlazorWasm.Client
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            // ...

            builder.Services.AddAuthorizationCore(options => options.AddAppPolicies());

            // ...
        }
    }
}

@page "/hotel-room-details/{Id:int}"

// ...

@*
@attribute [Roles(ConstantRoles.Customer, ConstantRoles.Employee)]
*@

@attribute [Authorize(Policy = PolicyTypes.RequireEmployeeOrCustomer)]

<AuthorizeView  Policy="@PolicyTypes.RequireEmployeeOrCustomer">
    <p>You can only see this if you're an admin or an employee or a customer.</p>
</AuthorizeView>

    public class AppTenant
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string[] Hostnames { get; set; }
    }

    public class AppTenantResolver : ITenantResolver<AppTenant>
    {
        IEnumerable<AppTenant> tenants = new List<AppTenant>(new[]
        {
            new AppTenant {
                Name = "Tenant 1",
                Hostnames = new[] { "localhost:6000", "localhost:6001" }
            },
            new AppTenant {
                Name = "Tenant 2",
                Hostnames = new[] { "localhost:6002" }
            }
        });
        public async Task<TenantContext<AppTenant>> ResolveAsync(HttpContext context)
        {
            TenantContext<AppTenant> tenantContext = null;
            var tenant = tenants.FirstOrDefault(t =>
                t.Hostnames.Any(h => h.Equals(context.Request.Host.Value.ToLower())));
            if (tenant != null)
            {
                tenantContext = new TenantContext<AppTenant>(tenant);
            }
            return tenantContext;
        }
    }

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddMultitenancy<AppTenant, AppTenantResolver>();
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
    {
        // after .UseStaticFiles()
        app.UseMultitenancy<AppTenant>();
        // before .UseMvc()
    }

    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private AppTenant tenant;
        public HomeController(AppTenant tenant)
        {
            this.tenant = tenant;
        }
    }

    @inject AppTenant Tenant;

    <a asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">@Tenant.Name</a>

    "commands": {
      "web": "Microsoft.AspNet.Server.Kestrel --server.urls=http://localhost:6000;http://localhost:6001;http://localhost:6002",
    },

    dotnet run

    "Multitenancy": {
      "Tenants": [
        {
          "Name": "Tenant 1",
          "Hostnames": [
            "localhost:6000",
            "localhost:6001"
          ]
        },
        {
          "Name": "Tenant 2",
          "Hostnames": [
            "localhost:6002"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }

    public class MultitenancyOptions
    {
        public Collection<AppTenant> Tenants { get; set; }
    }

    services.Configure<MultitenancyOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("Multitenancy"));

    public class AppTenantResolver : ITenantResolver<AppTenant>
    {
        private readonly IEnumerable<AppTenant> tenants;
        public AppTenantResolver(IOptions<MultitenancyOptions> options)
        {
            this.tenants = options.Value.Tenants;
        }
        public async Task<TenantContext<AppTenant>> ResolveAsync(HttpContext context)
        {
            TenantContext<AppTenant> tenantContext = null;
            var tenant = tenants.FirstOrDefault(t => 
                t.Hostnames.Any(h => h.Equals(context.Request.Host.Value.ToLower())));
            if (tenant != null)
            {
                tenantContext = new TenantContext<AppTenant>(tenant);
            }
            return Task.FromResult(tenantContext);
        }
    }

 Install-Package Telegram.Bot

[HttpPost]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> UpdateMsg(Update update)
{
  //......
}

var bot = new Telegram.Bot.TelegramBotClient("Token");
bot.SetWebhookAsync("https://Domian/api/webhook").Wait();

namespace Telegrambot.Controllers
{
    public class WebhookController : ApiController
    {
        Telegram.Bot.TelegramBotClient _bot = new Telegram.Bot.TelegramBotClient("number");
        Translator _translator = new Translator();

        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IHttpActionResult> UpdateMsg(Update update)
        {
            if (update.Message.Text == "/start")
            {
                await _bot.SendTextMessageAsync(update.Message.From.Id, "Welcome To My Bot");
            }
            else
            {
                var translatedRequest = _translator.Translate(update.Message.Text, "Persian", "English");
                await _bot.SendTextMessageAsync(update.Message.From.Id, translatedRequest);
            }
            return Ok(update);
        }
    }
}

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // api-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
        {
            return new List<ApiResource>
            {
                new ApiResource(
                    name: "imagegalleryapi",
                    displayName: "Image Gallery API",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> {"role" })
            };
        }

AllowedScopes =
{
  IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OpenId,
  IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Profile,
  IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Address,
  "roles",
  "imagegalleryapi"
},

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();

            services.AddIdentityServer()
             .AddDeveloperSigningCredential()
             .AddTestUsers(Config.GetUsers())
             .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
             .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApiResources())
             .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients());
        }

options.Scope.Add("imagegalleryapi");

dotnet add package IdentityServer4.AccessTokenValidation

using IdentityServer4.AccessTokenValidation;

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddAuthentication(defaultScheme: IdentityServerAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
               .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
               {
                   options.Authority = Configuration["IDPBaseAddress"];
                   options.ApiName = "imagegalleryapi";
               });

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            app.UseAuthentication();

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.OpenIdConnect;

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.Services
{
    public interface IImageGalleryHttpClient
    {
        Task<HttpClient> GetHttpClientAsync();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// A typed HttpClient.
    /// </summary>
    public class ImageGalleryHttpClient : IImageGalleryHttpClient
    {
        private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;

        public ImageGalleryHttpClient(
            HttpClient httpClient,
            IConfiguration configuration,
            IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
        {
            _httpClient = httpClient;
            _configuration = configuration;
            _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
        }

        public async Task<HttpClient> GetHttpClientAsync()
        {
            var currentContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
            var accessToken = await currentContext.GetTokenAsync(OpenIdConnectParameterNames.AccessToken);
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(accessToken))
            {
                _httpClient.SetBearerToken(accessToken);
            }

            _httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(_configuration["WebApiBaseAddress"]);
            _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
            _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

            return _httpClient;
        }
    }
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Abstractions" Version="2.1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http" Version="2.1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Abstractions" Version="2.1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.OpenIdConnect" Version="5.2.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="IdentityModel" Version="3.9.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

{
  "nbf": 1536394771,
  "exp": 1536398371,
  "iss": "https://localhost:6001",
  "aud": [
    "https://localhost:6001/resources",
    "imagegalleryapi"
  ],
  "client_id": "imagegalleryclient",
  "sub": "d860efca-22d9-47fd-8249-791ba61b07c7",
  "auth_time": 1536394763,
  "idp": "local",  
  "role": "PayingUser",
  "scope": [
    "openid",
    "profile",
    "address",
    "roles",
    "imagegalleryapi"
  ],
  "amr": [
    "pwd"
  ]
}

An unhandled exception occurred while processing the request.
HttpRequestException: Response status code does not indicate success: 401 (Unauthorized).
 System.Net.Http.HttpResponseMessage.EnsureSuccessStatusCode()

        public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
        {
            var httpClient = await _imageGalleryHttpClient.GetHttpClientAsync();
            var response = await httpClient.GetAsync("api/images");

            if (response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized ||
                response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.Forbidden)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("AccessDenied", "Authorization");
            }
            response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet()]
        public async Task<IActionResult> GetImages()
        {
            var ownerId = this.User.Claims.FirstOrDefault(claim => claim.Type == "sub").Value;

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.Services
{
    public class ImagesService : IImagesService
    {
        public Task<List<Image>> GetImagesAsync(string ownerId)
        {
            return _images.Where(image => image.OwnerId == ownerId).OrderBy(image => image.Title).ToListAsync();
        }

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpGet()]
        public async Task<IActionResult> GetImages()
        {
            var ownerId = this.User.Claims.FirstOrDefault(claim => claim.Type == "sub").Value;
            var imagesFromRepo = await _imagesService.GetImagesAsync(ownerId);
            var imagesToReturn = _mapper.Map<IEnumerable<ImageModel>>(imagesFromRepo);
            return Ok(imagesToReturn);
        }

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.Services
{
    public class ImagesService : IImagesService
    {
        public Task<bool> IsImageOwnerAsync(Guid id, string ownerId)
        {
            return _images.AnyAsync(i => i.Id == id && i.OwnerId == ownerId);
        }

namespace DNT.IDP
{
    public static class Config
    {
        // api-related resources (scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
        {
            return new List<ApiResource>
            {
                new ApiResource(
                    name: "imagegalleryapi",
                    displayName: "Image Gallery API",
                    claimTypes: new List<string> {"role" })
            };
        }

namespace ImageGallery.WebApi.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/images")]
    [Authorize]
    public class ImagesController : Controller
    {
        [HttpPost]
        [Authorize(Roles = "PayingUser")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> CreateImage([FromBody] ImageForCreationModel imageForCreation)
        {

var ownerId = User.Claims.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Type == "sub").Value;
imageEntity.OwnerId = ownerId;
// add and save.
await _imagesService.AddImageAsync(imageEntity);

@if(User.IsInRole("PayingUser"))
{
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="AddImage">Add an image</a></li>
  <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Gallery" asp-action="OrderFrame">Order a framed picture</a></li>
}

namespace ImageGallery.MvcClient.WebApp.Controllers
{
    [Authorize]
    public class GalleryController : Controller
    {
        [Authorize(Roles = "PayingUser")]
        public IActionResult AddImage()
        {
            return View();
        }

[HttpPost]
[Authorize(Roles = "PayingUser")]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<IActionResult> AddImage(AddImageViewModel addImageViewModel)

No Authentication

I just finished teaching the first week of a 9-week, super-intensive, hands-on boot camp that focuses on TypeScript/ASP.NET Web API/AngularJS. I decided to write a series of blog posts that describes each week of the camp. Who makes it. The challenges the students encounter. And, the material that we cover