public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {
        // Web API configuration and services

        // Web API routes
        config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
    }
}

public class VideoStream
{
    private readonly string _filename;
    private long _contentLength;

    public long FileLength
    {
        get { return _contentLength; }
    }

    public VideoStream(string videoPath)
    {
        _filename = videoPath;
        using (var video = File.Open(_filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
        {
            _contentLength = video.Length;
        }
    }

    public async void WriteToStream(Stream outputStream,
        HttpContent content, TransportContext context)
    {
        try
        {
            var buffer = new byte[65536];

            using (var video = File.Open(_filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
            {
                var length = (int)video.Length;
                var bytesRead = 1;

                while (length > 0 && bytesRead > 0)
                {
                    bytesRead = video.Read(buffer, 0, Math.Min(length, buffer.Length));
                    await outputStream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                    length -= bytesRead;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (HttpException)
        {
            return;
        }
        finally
        {
            outputStream.Close();
        }
    }
}

while (length > 0 && bytesRead > 0)
{
    bytesRead = video.Read(buffer, 0, Math.Min(length, buffer.Length));
    await outputStream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
    length -= bytesRead;
}

public class VideoController : ApiController
{
    [Route("api/video/{ext}/{fileName}")]
    public HttpResponseMessage Get(string ext, string fileName)
    {
        string videoPath = HostingEnvironment.MapPath(string.Format("~/Videos/{0}.{1}", fileName, ext));
        if (File.Exists(videoPath))
        {
            FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(videoPath);
            var video = new VideoStream(videoPath);

            var response = Request.CreateResponse();

            response.Content = new PushStreamContent((Action<Stream, HttpContent, TransportContext>)video.WriteToStream,
                new MediaTypeHeaderValue("video/" + ext));

            response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fi.Name.Replace(" ", ""));
            response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Length", video.FileLength.ToString());

            return response;
        }
        else
        {
            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
        }
    }
}

[Route("api/video/{ext}/{fileName}")]

api/video/mp4/sample

string videoPath = HostingEnvironment.MapPath(string.Format("~/Videos/{0}.{1}", fileName, ext));

var video = new VideoStream(videoPath);

var response = Request.CreateResponse();

response.Content = new PushStreamContent((Action<Stream, HttpContent, TransportContext>)video.WriteToStream, new MediaTypeHeaderValue("video/" + ext));

response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
response.Content.Headers.Add("Content-Length", video.FileLength.ToString());

if(File.Exists(videoPath))
{
    // removed for bravity
}
else
{
    return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    // GET: Home
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

<div>
    <div>
        <video width="480" height="270" controls="controls" preload="auto">
            <source src="/api/video/mp4/sample" type="video/mp4" />
            Your browser does not support the video tag.
        </video>
    </div>
</div>

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
    options.GlobalLimiter = PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(httpContext =>
        RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(
            partitionKey: httpContext.User.Identity?.Name ?? httpContext.Request.Headers.Host.ToString(),
            factory: partition => new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
            {
                AutoReplenishment = true,
                PermitLimit = 10,
                QueueLimit = 0,
                Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)
            }));
});

// ...

var app = builder.Build();

// ...

app.UseRouting();
app.UseRateLimiter();

app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!");

app.Run();

builder.Services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
    options.RejectionStatusCode = 429;

    // ...
});

builder.Services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
    options.OnRejected = async (context, token) =>
    {
        context.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 429;
        if (context.Lease.TryGetMetadata(MetadataName.RetryAfter, out var retryAfter))
        {
            await context.HttpContext.Response.WriteAsync(
                $"Too many requests. Please try again after {retryAfter.TotalMinutes} minute(s). " +
                $"Read more about our rate limits at https://example.org/docs/ratelimiting.", cancellationToken: token);
        }
        else
        {
            await context.HttpContext.Response.WriteAsync(
                "Too many requests. Please try again later. " +
                "Read more about our rate limits at https://example.org/docs/ratelimiting.", cancellationToken: token);
        }
    };

    // ...
});

context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetService<ILoggerFactory>()?
                .CreateLogger("Microsoft.AspNetCore.RateLimitingMiddleware")
                .LogWarning("OnRejected: {RequestPath}", context.HttpContext.Request.Path);

builder.Services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
    options.GlobalLimiter = PartitionedRateLimiter.CreateChained(
        PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(httpContext =>
            RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.ResolveClientIpAddress(), partition =>
                new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
                {
                    AutoReplenishment = true,
                    PermitLimit = 600,
                    Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)
                })),
        PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(httpContext =>
            RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.ResolveClientIpAddress(), partition =>
                new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
                {
                    AutoReplenishment = true,
                    PermitLimit = 6000,
                    Window = TimeSpan.FromHours(1)
                })));

    // ...
});

PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(httpContext =>
    RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.ResolveClientIpAddress(), partition =>
        new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
        {
            AutoReplenishment = true,
            PermitLimit = 10,
            QueueLimit = 6,
            QueueProcessingOrder = QueueProcessingOrder.OldestFirst,
            Window = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)
        })));

public class ExampleRateLimiterPolicy : IRateLimiterPolicy<string>
{
    public RateLimitPartition<string> GetPartition(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        if (httpContext.User.Identity?.IsAuthenticated == true)
        {
            return RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.User.Identity.Name!,
                partition => new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
                {
                    AutoReplenishment = true,
                    PermitLimit = 1_000,
                    Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1),
                });
        }

        return RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.Request.Headers.Host.ToString(),
            partition => new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
            {
                AutoReplenishment = true,
                PermitLimit = 100,
                Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1),
            });
    }

    public Func<OnRejectedContext, CancellationToken, ValueTask>? OnRejected { get; } =
        (context, _) =>
        {
            context.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 418; // I'm a 🫖
            return new ValueTask();
        };
}

options.AddPolicy<string, ExampleRateLimiterPolicy>("myPolicy");

builder.Services.AddRateLimiter(options =>
{
    options.AddFixedWindowLimiter("Api", options =>
    {
        options.AutoReplenishment = true;
        options.PermitLimit = 10;
        options.Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
    });

    options.AddFixedWindowLimiter("Web", options =>
    {
        options.AutoReplenishment = true;
        options.PermitLimit = 10;
        options.Window = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
    });

    // ...
});

options.AddPolicy("Api", httpContext =>
        RateLimitPartition.GetFixedWindowLimiter(httpContext.ResolveClientIpAddress(),
        partition => new FixedWindowRateLimiterOptions
        {
            AutoReplenishment = true,
            PermitLimit = 10,
            Window = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)
        }));

// Endpoint
app.MapGet("/api/hello", () => "Hello World!").RequireRateLimiting("Api");

// Group
app.MapGroup("/api/orders").RequireRateLimiting("Api");

// Endpoint
app.MapGet("/api/hello", () => "Hello World!").DisableRateLimiting();

// Group
app.MapGroup("/api/orders").DisableRateLimiting();

[EnableRateLimiting("Api")]
public class Orders : Controller
{
    [DisableRateLimiting]
    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }

    [EnableRateLimiting("ApiListing")]
    public IActionResult List()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

app.UseConfiguredEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
    endpoints.MapRazorPages()
        .DisableRateLimiting();

    endpoints.MapControllers()
        .RequireRateLimiting("UserBasedRateLimiting");
});

In this article, we will learn how to create a simple web based Hotel Room Booking System, using MVC, AngularJS, and Web API. 

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
{
    public interface IHostedService
    {
        Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
    }
}

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class SampleHostedService : IHostedService
    {
        private readonly ILogger<SampleHostedService> _logger;

        public SampleHostedService(ILogger<SampleHostedService> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Starting Hosted service");

            while (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("Hosted service executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2), cancellationToken);
            }
        }

        public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Stopping Hosted service");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, SampleHostedService>();

services.AddHostedService<SampleHostedService>();

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)

Startup.cs(82,56): error CS0104: 'IHostingEnvironment' is an ambiguous reference between
'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment' and 'Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment'

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Starting Hosted service
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:10
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:12
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 14:45:14
Ctrl+C
Application is shutting down...
Hosting environment: Development
Content root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

namespace Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting
{
    public abstract class BackgroundService : IHostedService, IDisposable
    {
        protected BackgroundService();
        public virtual void Dispose();
        public virtual Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        public virtual Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken);
        protected abstract Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken);
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class PrinterHostedService : BackgroundService
    {
        private readonly ILogger<SampleHostedService> _logger;

        public PrinterHostedService(ILogger<SampleHostedService> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation("Starting Hosted service");

            while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                _logger.LogInformation("Hosted service executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2), stoppingToken);
            }
        }
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHostedService<PrinterHostedService>();

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
Hosting environment: Development
infoContent root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Starting Hosted service
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:23
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:25
info: MvcTest.SampleHostedService[0]
      Hosted service executing - 02/19/2019 15:00:27
Application is shutting down...
^C

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

public abstract class ScopedBackgroundService : BackgroundService
{
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _serviceScopeFactory;

    public ScopedBackgroundService(IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _serviceScopeFactory = serviceScopeFactory;
    }

    protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        using (var scope = _serviceScopeFactory.CreateScope())
        {
            await ExecuteInScope(scope.ServiceProvider, stoppingToken);
        }
    }

    public abstract Task ExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken);
}

 dotnet add package ncrontab

┌───────────── minute (0 - 59) 
│ ┌───────────── hour (0 - 23) 
│ │ ┌───────────── day of month (1 - 31) 
│ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1 - 12) 
│ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday to Saturday; 
│ │ │ │ │                                       7 is also Sunday on some systems) 
│ │ │ │ │ 
│ │ │ │ │ 
* * * * *

* * * * * *
- - - - - -
| | | | | |
| | | | | +--- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0)
| | | | +----- month (1 - 12)
| | | +------- day of month (1 - 31)
| | +--------- hour (0 - 23)
| +----------- min (0 - 59)
+------------- sec (0 - 59)

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using NCrontab;
using static NCrontab.CrontabSchedule;

public abstract class ScheduledScopedBackgroundService : ScopedBackgroundService
{
    private CrontabSchedule _schedule;
    private DateTime _nextRun;

    protected abstract string Schedule { get; }

    public ScheduledScopedBackgroundService(IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory)
     : base(serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _schedule = CrontabSchedule.Parse(Schedule, new ParseOptions { IncludingSeconds = true });
        _nextRun = _schedule.GetNextOccurrence(DateTime.Now);
    }

    public override async Task ExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        do
        {
            var now = DateTime.Now;
            if (now > _nextRun)
            {
                await ScheduledExecuteInScope(serviceProvider, stoppingToken);
                _nextRun = _schedule.GetNextOccurrence(DateTime.Now);
            }
            await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken); //1 second delay
        }
        while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested);
    }

    public abstract Task ScheduledExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken);
}

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

public class MyScheduledTask : ScheduledScopedBackgroundService
{
    private readonly ILogger<MyScheduledTask> _logger;

    public MyScheduledTask(
        IServiceScopeFactory serviceScopeFactory,
        ILogger<MyScheduledTask> logger) : base(serviceScopeFactory)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    protected override string Schedule => "*/10 * * * * *"; //Runs every 10 seconds

    public override Task ScheduledExecuteInScope(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, CancellationToken stoppingToken)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("MyScheduledTask executing - {0}", DateTime.Now);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

namespace MvcTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddHostedService<MyScheduledTask>();

D:\MvcTest>dotnet run
Hosting environment: Development
Content root path: D:\MvcTest
Now listening on: https://localhost:5001
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:18:50
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:19:00
info: MyScheduledTask[0]
      MyScheduledTask executing - 02/19/2019 19:19:10
Application is shutting down...
^C