var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
var observableQuery = query.ToObservable();
var observer = Observer.Create<int>(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number));
observableQuery.Subscribe(observer);

 var observableValue1 = Observable.Return("Value");
var observableValue2 = Observable.Return(2);

        public static IObservable<T> Return<T>(T value)
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnNext(value);
                o.OnCompleted();
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var observableValue1 = Observable.Return<string>("Value");
var observableValue2 = Observable.Return<int>(2);

 var emptyObservable = Observable.Empty<string>();

        public static IObservable<T> Empty<T>()
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnCompleted();
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var neverObservable = Observable.Never<string>();

        public static IObservable<T> Never<T>()
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var throwObservable = Observable.Throw<string>(new Exception());

        public static IObservable<T> Throws<T>(Exception exception)
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnError(exception);
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var range = Observable.Range(10, 15);
range.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("Completed"));

        public static IObservable<int> Range(int start, int count)
        {
            var max = start + count;
            return Observable.Generate(
                initialState: start,
                condition: value => value < max,
                iterate: value => value + 1,
                resultSelector: value => value);
        }

 var interval = Observable.Interval(period: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(250));
interval.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

 var timer = Observable.Timer(dueTime: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
 timer.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

        static void StartAction()
        {
            var start = Observable.Start(() =>
            {
                Console.Write("Observable.Start");
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    Console.Write(".");
                }
            });
            start.Subscribe(
               onNext: unit => Console.WriteLine("published"),
               onCompleted: () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));
        }

        static void StartFunc()
        {
            var start = Observable.Start(() =>
            {
                Console.Write("Observable.Start");
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    Console.Write(".");
                }
                return "value";
            });
            start.Subscribe(
               onNext: Console.WriteLine,
               onCompleted: () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));
        }

 var items = new System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string>
  {
          "Item1", "Item2", "Item3"
  };

            items.CollectionChanged += (sender, ea) =>
            {
                if (ea.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove)
                {
                    foreach (var oldItem in ea.OldItems.Cast<string>())
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Removed {0}", oldItem);
                    }
                }
            };

            var removals =
                Observable.FromEventPattern<NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs>
                (
                    addHandler: handler => items.CollectionChanged += handler,
                    removeHandler: handler => items.CollectionChanged -= handler
                )
                .Where(e => e.EventArgs.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove)
                .SelectMany(c => c.EventArgs.OldItems.Cast<string>());

            var disposable = removals.Subscribe(onNext: item => Console.WriteLine("Removed {0}", item));

 items.Remove("Item1");

 var task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => "Test");
var source = task.ToObservable();
source.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

 PM> Install-Package Rxx

 using (new FileStream("file.txt", FileMode.Open)
                 .ReadToEndObservable()
                 .Subscribe(x => Console.WriteLine(x.Length)))
{
         Console.ReadKey();
}

 PM> Install-Package Rx-Main

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
  <package id="Rx-Core" version="2.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Rx-Interfaces" version="2.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Rx-Linq" version="2.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Rx-Main" version="2.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Rx-PlatformServices" version="2.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
</packages>

using System;
using System.Linq;

namespace Rx01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
            foreach (var number in query)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(number);
            }
            finished();
        }

        private static void finished()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Done!");
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reactive.Linq;

namespace Rx01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
            var observableQuery = query.ToObservable();
            observableQuery.Subscribe(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number), onCompleted: () => finished());
        }

        private static void finished()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Done!");
        }
    }
}

1
2
3
4
5
Done!

 observableQuery.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, finished);

    class Subject : IObservable<int>
    {
        public IDisposable Subscribe(IObserver<int> observer)
        {
        }
    }

    class Observer : IObserver<int>
    {
        public void OnCompleted()
        {
        }

        public void OnError(Exception error)
        {
        }

        public void OnNext(int value)
        {
        }
    }

public static System.IObservable<TSource> ToObservable<TSource>(
    this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> source,
    System.Reactive.Concurrency.IScheduler scheduler)

 var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
var observableQuery = query.ToObservable();
var observer = Observer.Create<int>(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number));
observableQuery.Subscribe(observer);

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reactive.Concurrency;
using System.Reactive.Linq;
using System.Threading;

namespace Rx01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Thread-Id: {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
            var observableQuery = query.ToObservable(scheduler: NewThreadScheduler.Default);
            observableQuery.Subscribe(onNext: number =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("number: {0}, on Thread-id: {1}", number, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            }, onCompleted: () => finished());
        }

        private static void finished()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Done!");
        }
    }
}

 Thread-Id: 1
number: 1, on Thread-id: 3
number: 2, on Thread-id: 3
number: 3, on Thread-id: 3
number: 4, on Thread-id: 3
number: 5, on Thread-id: 3
Done!

observableQuery.Subscribe(onNext: number =>
{
   Console.WriteLine("number: {0}, on Thread-id: {1}", number,     
                              Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
}/*, onCompleted: () => finished()*/);
finished();

 Thread-Id: 1
number: 1, on Thread-id: 3
Done!
number: 2, on Thread-id: 3
number: 3, on Thread-id: 3
number: 4, on Thread-id: 3
number: 5, on Thread-id: 3

observableQuery.Subscribe(
  onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number),
  onError: exception => Console.WriteLine(exception.Message),
  onCompleted: () => finished());

 PM> Install-Package Rx-WPF

 observableQuery.ObserveOn(DispatcherScheduler.Current).Subscribe(...)

 observableQuery.ObserveOnDispatcher().Subscribe(...)

 PM> Install-Package Rx-WinForms

 observableQuery.ObserveOn(SynchronizationContext.Current).Subscribe(...)

 var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number =>
{
   Thread.Sleep(250);
   return number;
});

var sequence = new[] { 12, 3, -4, 7 }.ToObservable();
var runningSum = sequence.Scan((accumulator, value) =>
{
    Console.WriteLine("accumulator {0}", accumulator);
    Console.WriteLine("value {0}", value);
    return accumulator + value;
});
runningSum.Subscribe(result => Console.WriteLine("result {0}\n", result));

result 12

accumulator 12
value 3
result 15

accumulator 15
value -4
result 11

accumulator 11
value 7
result 18

 var runningSum = sequence.Scan(seed: 10, accumulator: (accumulator, value) =>

var sequence = Enumerable.Range(1, 200)
                 .ToObservable()
                 .Buffer(count: 10);

sequence.Subscribe(onNext: numbers =>
{
   Console.WriteLine(numbers.Sum());
});

 var sequence = Enumerable.Range(1, 200)
                   .ToObservable()
                   .Buffer(timeSpan: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));

 var sequence = Enumerable.Range(1, 200)
                           .ToObservable()
                           .Window(timeSpan: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));

sequence.Subscribe(onNext: numbers =>
{
       numbers.Subscribe(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number));
});

 var sequence = Enumerable.Range(1, 200)
                          .ToObservable()
                          .Window(10);

sequence.Subscribe(onNext: numbers =>
{
     numbers.Sum().Subscribe(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number));
});

 PM> Install-Package Rx-Main
PM> Install-Package Rx-WPF

        private static IEnumerable<string> readFile(string filename)
        {
            using (TextReader reader = File.OpenText(filename))
            {
                string line;
                while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    yield return line;
                }
            }
        }

<Window x:Class="WpfApplicationRxTests.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="525">
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
            <RowDefinition  Height="*" />
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Button Grid.Row="0" Name="btnGenerateSequence" Click="btnGenerateSequence_Click">Generate sequence</Button>
        <ListBox Grid.Row="1" Name="lstNumbers"  />
        <Button Grid.Row="2" IsEnabled="False" Name="btnStop" Click="btnStop_Click">Stop</Button>
    </Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Reactive.Concurrency;
using System.Reactive.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows;

namespace WpfApplicationRxTests
{
    public partial class MainWindow
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private static IEnumerable<string> readFile(string filename)
        {
            using (TextReader reader = File.OpenText(filename))
            {
                string line;
                while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    yield return line;
                }
            }
        }

        private IDisposable _subscribe;
        private void btnGenerateSequence_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            btnGenerateSequence.IsEnabled = false;
            btnStop.IsEnabled = true;

            var items = new ObservableCollection<string>();
            lstNumbers.ItemsSource = items;
            _subscribe = readFile("test.txt").ToObservable()
                               .SubscribeOn(ThreadPoolScheduler.Instance)
                               .ObserveOn(DispatcherScheduler.Current)
                               .Finally(finallyAction: () =>
                               {
                                   btnGenerateSequence.IsEnabled = true;
                                   btnStop.IsEnabled = false;
                               })
                               .Subscribe(onNext: line =>
                               {
                                   items.Add(line);
                               },
                               onError: ex => { },
                               onCompleted: () =>
                               {
                                   //lstNumbers.ItemsSource = items;
                               });
        }

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _subscribe.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import "rxjs/add/observable/interval";
import { Subscription } from "rxjs/Subscription";

@Component()
export class UsingTimersComponent {

  private intervalSubscription: Subscription;
  interval = 0;

  startInterval() {
    const interval = Observable.interval(1000);
    this.intervalSubscription = interval.subscribe(i => this.interval += i);
  }

  stopInterval() {
    this.intervalSubscription.unsubscribe();
  }
}

<div class="panel panel-default">
  <div class="panel-heading">
    <h2 class="panel-title">Observable.interval(1000)</h2>
  </div>
  <div class="panel-body">
    <div>
      <label>interval: </label> {{interval}}
    </div>
    <div>
      <button (click)="startInterval()" class="btn btn-success">Start</button>
      <button (click)="stopInterval()" class="btn btn-danger">Stop</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

this.intervalSubscription = interval.subscribe(i => this.interval += i);

this.intervalSubscription.unsubscribe();

this.intervalSubscription = interval
      .finally(() => console.log("All done!"))
      .subscribe(i => this.interval += i);

const timer = Observable.timer(1000);
timer.subscribe(data => console.log('ding!'));

const moreThanOne$ = Observable.timer(2000, 500);
moreThanOne$.subscribe(data => console.log('timer with args', data));

let moreThanOne$ = Observable.timer(2000, 500).take(3);
moreThanOne$.subscribe(data => console.log('timer with args', data));

const start = new Date();
const stream$ = Observable.interval(500).take(3);
stream$.delay(300).subscribe(x => {
    console.log('val',x);
    console.log( new Date() - start );
})

val:0
800ms
val:1
1300ms
val:2
1800ms

import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import "rxjs/add/observable/timer";
import "rxjs/add/operator/finally";
import "rxjs/add/operator/takeUntil";
import "rxjs/add/operator/map";

const interval = 1000;
const duration = 10 * 1000;
const stream$ = Observable.timer(0, interval)
      .finally(() => console.log("All done!"))
      .takeUntil(Observable.timer(duration + interval))
      .map(value => duration - value * interval);
stream$.subscribe(value => console.log(value));

const source = Observable.timer(0, 1000)
      .timeInterval()
      .map(x => x.value + ":" + x.interval)
      .take(5);

const subscription = source.subscribe(
      x => console.log("Next timeInterval: " + x),
      err => console.log("Error: " + err),
      () => console.log("Completed")
    );

const source = Observable.timer(0, 1000)
      .timeInterval()
      .pluck("interval")
      .take(5);

import { Observable } from "rxjs/Observable";
import "rxjs/add/observable/never";
import "rxjs/add/observable/timer";
import { Subject } from "rxjs/Subject";

  tick: number;
  pauser = new Subject();
  tickerSource = new Subject();
  startTicker() {
    Observable.timer(0, 1000)
      .subscribe(this.tickerSource);

    this.pauser
      .switchMap(paused => paused ? Observable.never() : this.tickerSource).
      subscribe(t => this.tickerFunc(t));

    this.pauser.next(false); // resume
  }

  tickerFunc(tick) {
    this.tick = tick;
  }

  pauseTicker() {
    this.pauser.next(true);
  }

  resumeTicker() {
    this.pauser.next(false);
  }

 public static IEnumerable<TResult> OfType<TResult>(this IEnumerable source)

Apple
Sugar

Milk
Water

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Int32' to type 'System.String'.

 IEnumerable<string> input = new List<string> { "Apple", "Sugar", "Flour" };
string[] array = input.ToArray();

 IEnumerable<string> input = new[] { "Apple", "Sugar", "Flour" };
List<string> list = input.ToList();

Key=1, Recipe=Apple Pie
Key=2, Recipe=Cherry Pie
Key=3, Recipe=Beef Pie

 Rating 5
 - Apple Pie
 - Banana Pie
Rating 2
 - Cherry Pie
Rating 3
 - Beef Pie

 Sugar

 Milk

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no elements

Ingredient[] ingredients = { };
Ingredient element = ingredients.First();

 Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no matching element

 Ingredient[] ingredients = { };
Ingredient element = ingredients.FirstOrDefault();
Console.WriteLine(element == null);

 True

 True

 Flour

Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains more than one matching element
Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Sequence contains no matching element

 Sugar

 Butter

True

 Milk

 System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException: Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection.

 True

Sugar
Egg
Milk

 True

 public static IEnumerable<TResult> Empty<TResult>()

IEnumerable<Ingredient> ingredients = Enumerable.Empty<Ingredient>();
Console.WriteLine(ingredients.Count());

 0

5
6
7
8
9
10

42
42
42
42
42
42

int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
bool isTowThere = nums.Contains(2);
bool isFiveThere = nums.Contains(5);

Console.WriteLine(isTowThere);
Console.WriteLine(isFiveThere);

True
False

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
IEnumerable<int> noNums = Enumerable.Empty<int>();

Console.WriteLine(nums.Any());
Console.WriteLine(noNums.Any());

True
False

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
bool areAnyEvenNumbers = nums.Any(x => x % 2 == 0);
Console.WriteLine(areAnyEvenNumbers);

 True

Ingredient[] ingredients =
{
new Ingredient { Name = "Sugar", Calories = 500 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Egg", Calories = 100 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Milk", Calories = 150 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Flour", Calories = 50 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Butter", Calories = 400 }
};
bool isLowFatRecipe = ingredients.All(x => x.Calories < 200);
Console.WriteLine(isLowFatRecipe);

False

IEnumerable<int> sequence1 = new[] {1, 2, 3};
IEnumerable<int> sequence2 = new[] { 1, 2, 3 };
bool isSeqEqual = sequence1.SequenceEqual(sequence2);
Console.WriteLine(isSeqEqual);

 True

IEnumerable<int> sequence1 = new[] { 1, 2, 3 };
IEnumerable<int> sequence2 = new[] { 3, 2, 1 };
bool isSeqEqual = sequence1.SequenceEqual(sequence2);
Console.WriteLine(isSeqEqual);

False

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
int numberOfElements = nums.Count();
Console.WriteLine(numberOfElements);

 3

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
int numberOfEvenElements = nums.Count(x => x % 2 == 0);
Console.WriteLine(numberOfEvenElements);

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
int total = nums.Sum();
Console.WriteLine(total);

 6

Ingredient[] ingredients =
{
new Ingredient { Name = "Sugar", Calories = 500 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Egg", Calories = 100 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Milk", Calories = 150 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Flour", Calories = 50 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Butter", Calories = 400 }
};
int totalCalories = ingredients.Sum(x => x.Calories);
Console.WriteLine(totalCalories);

 1200

int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 };
var avg = nums.Average();
Console.WriteLine(avg);

 2

Ingredient[] ingredients =
{
new Ingredient { Name = "Sugar", Calories = 500 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Egg", Calories = 100 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Milk", Calories = 150 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Flour", Calories = 50 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Butter", Calories = 400 }
};
var avgCalories = ingredients.Average(x => x.Calories);
Console.WriteLine(avgCalories);

 240

int[] nums = { 3, 2, 1 };
var smallest = nums.Min();
Console.WriteLine(smallest);

 1

Ingredient[] ingredients =
{
new Ingredient { Name = "Sugar", Calories = 500 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Egg", Calories = 100 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Milk", Calories = 150 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Flour", Calories = 50 },
new Ingredient { Name = "Butter", Calories = 400 }
};
var smallestCalories = ingredients.Min(x => x.Calories);
Console.WriteLine(smallestCalories);

int[] nums = { 1 ,3, 2 };
var largest = nums.Max();
Console.WriteLine(largest);

 3

int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
var result = nums.Aggregate(0,
(currentElement, runningTotal) => runningTotal + currentElement);
Console.WriteLine(result);

 6

 int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3 ,4,5};
var result = nums.Aggregate((runningProduct, nextfactor) => runningProduct * nextfactor);
Console.WriteLine(result);

 120

 Sugar
Butter

 IEnumerable<Ingredient> query = ingredients.Where((ingredient, index) => ingredient.Name == "Sugar" || index == 4);

 IEnumerable<Ingredient> gueryExpression =
from i in ingredients
where i.Calories >= 200
select i;

 IEnumerable<string> query = ingredients.Select(x => x.Name);

 IEnumerable<int> query = ingredients.Select(x => x.Name.Length);

{ Name = Sugar, Length = 5 }
{ Name = Egg, Length = 3 }
{ Name = Milk, Length = 4 }
{ Name = Flour, Length = 5 }
{ Name = Butter, Length = 6 }

 S
u
g
a
r
E
g
g
M
i
l
k
F
l
o
u
r
B
u
t
t
e
r

 Sugar
Egg
Milk

Sugar
Milk

 IEnumerable<Ingredient> query =
(from i in ingredients
  where i.Calories > 100
  select i).Take(2);
TakeWhile

 Sugar
Egg
Milk

 Flour
Butter

 First Page :
 - Sugar
 - Egg
Second Page :
 - Milk
 - Flour
Third Page :
 - Butter
SkipWhile

 Milk
Flour
Butter

import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';

import { map } from 'rxjs/operators';

import { map, catchError, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Rx';

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';

import 'rxjs/add/observable/throw';

Observable.throw('error');

import { ErrorObservable } from 'rxjs/observable/ErrorObservable';

ErrorObservable.create('error');

import "rxjs/add/observable/timer";

const timerSource$ = Observable.timer(initialDelay);

import { timer } from 'rxjs/observable/timer';  

const timerSource$ = timer(initialDelay);

import { from} from 'rxjs/observable/from';
import { map, scan, filter } from 'rxjs/operators';

const source$ = range(1,10);

const sumOfSquaredOddNumbers$ = source$.pipe(
   filter(n => n % 2 !== 0), 
   map(n => n * n),
   scan((acc,s) => acc + s, 0)
);
sumOfSquaredOddNumbers$.subscribe(v => console.log(v));

/*** Output ****/ 
1
10
35
84
165

import { of } from 'rxjs/observable/of';
import { from } from 'rxjs/observable/from';
import { range } from 'rxjs/observable/range';

const source$ = of(1,2,3);
const rangeSource$ = range(0,5);

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/map';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/filter';

names = allUserData.
         map(user => user.name).
         filter(name => name);

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import { map, filter } from 'rxjs/operators';

names = allUserData.pipe(
   map(user => user.name),
   filter(name => name),
);

• Elements عناصر
  
• Sequences توالی‌ها