public class User
    {
        public User()
        {
            UserRoles = new HashSet<UserRole>();
        }

        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Username { get; set; }

        public string Password { get; set; }

        public string DisplayName { get; set; }

        public bool IsActive { get; set; }

        public DateTimeOffset? LastLoggedIn { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// every time the user changes his Password,
        /// or an admin changes his Roles or stat/IsActive,
        /// create a new `SerialNumber` GUID and store it in the DB.
        /// </summary>
        public string SerialNumber { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
    }

    public class Role
    {
        public Role()
        {
            UserRoles = new HashSet<UserRole>();
        }

        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }
    }

    public static class CustomRoles
    {
        public const string Admin = nameof(Admin);
        public const string User = nameof(User);
    }

    public class UserRole
    {
        public int UserId { get; set; }
        public int RoleId { get; set; }

        public virtual User User { get; set; }
        public virtual Role Role { get; set; }
    }

    public interface IUnitOfWork : IDisposable
    {
        DbSet<TEntity> Set<TEntity>() where TEntity : class;

        int SaveChanges(bool acceptAllChangesOnSuccess);
        int SaveChanges();
        Task<int> SaveChangesAsync(bool acceptAllChangesOnSuccess, CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken());
        Task<int> SaveChangesAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken = new CancellationToken());
    }

    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext, IUnitOfWork
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options) : base(options)
        { }

        public virtual DbSet<User> Users { set; get; }
        public virtual DbSet<Role> Roles { set; get; }
        public virtual DbSet<UserRole> UserRoles { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
        {
            // it should be placed here, otherwise it will rewrite the following settings!
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);

            // Custom application mappings
            builder.Entity<User>(entity =>
            {
                entity.Property(e => e.Username).HasMaxLength(450).IsRequired();
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.Username).IsUnique();
                entity.Property(e => e.Password).IsRequired();
                entity.Property(e => e.SerialNumber).HasMaxLength(450);
            });

            builder.Entity<Role>(entity =>
            {
                entity.Property(e => e.Name).HasMaxLength(450).IsRequired();
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.Name).IsUnique();
            });

            builder.Entity<UserRole>(entity =>
            {
                entity.HasKey(e => new { e.UserId, e.RoleId });
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.UserId);
                entity.HasIndex(e => e.RoleId);
                entity.Property(e => e.UserId);
                entity.Property(e => e.RoleId);
                entity.HasOne(d => d.Role).WithMany(p => p.UserRoles).HasForeignKey(d => d.RoleId);
                entity.HasOne(d => d.User).WithMany(p => p.UserRoles).HasForeignKey(d => d.UserId);
            });
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Only used by EF Tooling
    /// </summary>
    public class ApplicationDbContextFactory : IDesignTimeDbContextFactory<ApplicationDbContext>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext CreateDbContext(string[] args)
        {
            var basePath = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            Console.WriteLine($"Using `{basePath}` as the BasePath");
            var configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                                    .SetBasePath(basePath)
                                    .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
                                    .Build();
            var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<ApplicationDbContext>();
            var connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");
            builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString);
            return new ApplicationDbContext(builder.Options);
        }
    }

{
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "DefaultConnection": "Data Source=(LocalDB)\\MSSQLLocalDB;Initial Catalog=ASPNETCore2CookieAuthenticationDB;Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;"
  },
  "LoginCookieExpirationDays": 30
}

    public interface IUsersService
    {
        Task<string> GetSerialNumberAsync(int userId);
        Task<User> FindUserAsync(string username, string password);
        Task<User> FindUserAsync(int userId);
        Task UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(int userId);
    }

    public interface IRolesService
    {
        Task<List<Role>> FindUserRolesAsync(int userId);
        Task<bool> IsUserInRole(int userId, string roleName);
        Task<List<User>> FindUsersInRoleAsync(string roleName);
    }

    public interface IDbInitializerService
    {
        void Initialize();
        void SeedData();
    }

    public interface ICookieValidatorService
    {
        Task ValidateAsync(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context);
    }

    public class CookieValidatorService : ICookieValidatorService
    {
        private readonly IUsersService _usersService;
        public CookieValidatorService(IUsersService usersService)
        {
            _usersService = usersService;
            _usersService.CheckArgumentIsNull(nameof(usersService));
        }

        public async Task ValidateAsync(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context)
        {
            var userPrincipal = context.Principal;

            var claimsIdentity = context.Principal.Identity as ClaimsIdentity;
            if (claimsIdentity?.Claims == null || !claimsIdentity.Claims.Any())
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var serialNumberClaim = claimsIdentity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.SerialNumber);
            if (serialNumberClaim == null)
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var userIdString = claimsIdentity.FindFirst(ClaimTypes.UserData).Value;
            if (!int.TryParse(userIdString, out int userId))
            {
                // this is not our issued cookie
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
                return;
            }

            var user = await _usersService.FindUserAsync(userId).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (user == null || user.SerialNumber != serialNumberClaim.Value || !user.IsActive)
            {
                // user has changed his/her password/roles/stat/IsActive
                await handleUnauthorizedRequest(context);
            }

            await _usersService.UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(userId).ConfigureAwait(false);
        }

        private Task handleUnauthorizedRequest(CookieValidatePrincipalContext context)
        {
            context.RejectPrincipal();
            return context.HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
        }
    }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddScoped<IUnitOfWork, ApplicationDbContext>();
            services.AddScoped<IUsersService, UsersService>();
            services.AddScoped<IRolesService, RolesService>();
            services.AddScoped<ISecurityService, SecurityService>();
            services.AddScoped<ICookieValidatorService, CookieValidatorService>();
            services.AddScoped<IDbInitializerService, DbInitializerService>();

            services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
            {
                options.UseSqlServer(
                    Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"),
                    serverDbContextOptionsBuilder =>
                        {
                            var minutes = (int)TimeSpan.FromMinutes(3).TotalSeconds;
                            serverDbContextOptionsBuilder.CommandTimeout(minutes);
                            serverDbContextOptionsBuilder.EnableRetryOnFailure();
                        });
            });

            // Only needed for custom roles.
            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
                    {
                        options.AddPolicy(CustomRoles.Admin, policy => policy.RequireRole(CustomRoles.Admin));
                        options.AddPolicy(CustomRoles.User, policy => policy.RequireRole(CustomRoles.User));
                    });

            // Needed for cookie auth.
            services
                .AddAuthentication(options =>
                {
                    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                    options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                })
                .AddCookie(options =>
                {
                    options.SlidingExpiration = false;
                    options.LoginPath = "/api/account/login";
                    options.LogoutPath = "/api/account/logout";
                    //options.AccessDeniedPath = new PathString("/Home/Forbidden/");
                    options.Cookie.Name = ".my.app1.cookie";
                    options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true;
                    options.Cookie.SecurePolicy = CookieSecurePolicy.SameAsRequest;
                    options.Cookie.SameSite = SameSiteMode.Lax;
                    options.Events = new CookieAuthenticationEvents
                    {
                        OnValidatePrincipal = context =>
                        {
                            var cookieValidatorService = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<ICookieValidatorService>();
                            return cookieValidatorService.ValidateAsync(context);
                        }
                    };
                });

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
   app.UseAuthentication();

            var scopeFactory = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>();
            using (var scope = scopeFactory.CreateScope())
            {
                var dbInitializer = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<IDbInitializerService>();
                dbInitializer.Initialize();
                dbInitializer.SeedData();
            }

        [AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<IActionResult> Login([FromBody]  User loginUser)
        {
            if (loginUser == null)
            {
                return BadRequest("user is not set.");
            }

            var user = await _usersService.FindUserAsync(loginUser.Username, loginUser.Password).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (user == null || !user.IsActive)
            {
                await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
                return Unauthorized();
            }

            var loginCookieExpirationDays = _configuration.GetValue<int>("LoginCookieExpirationDays", defaultValue: 30);
            var cookieClaims = await createCookieClaimsAsync(user).ConfigureAwait(false);
            await HttpContext.SignInAsync(
                CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
                cookieClaims,
                new AuthenticationProperties
                {
                    IsPersistent = true, // "Remember Me"
                    IssuedUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
                    ExpiresUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddDays(loginCookieExpirationDays)
                });

            await _usersService.UpdateUserLastActivityDateAsync(user.Id).ConfigureAwait(false);

            return Ok();
        }

        private async Task<ClaimsPrincipal> createCookieClaimsAsync(User user)
        {
            var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, user.Id.ToString()));
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, user.Username));
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim("DisplayName", user.DisplayName));

            // to invalidate the cookie
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.SerialNumber, user.SerialNumber));

            // custom data
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.UserData, user.Id.ToString()));

            // add roles
            var roles = await _rolesService.FindUserRolesAsync(user.Id).ConfigureAwait(false);
            foreach (var role in roles)
            {
                identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, role.Name));
            }

            return new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
        }

[Route("api/[controller]")]
[Authorize(Policy = CustomRoles.Admin)]
public class MyProtectedAdminApiController : Controller

        [AllowAnonymous]
        [HttpGet("[action]"), HttpPost("[action]")]
        public async Task<bool> Logout()
        {
            await HttpContext.SignOutAsync(CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            return true;
        }

    /// <summary>
    /// استخراج ایمیل‌های یک فایل متنی و ذخیره آن در فایلی جدید
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="inFilePath">فایل ورودی</param>
    /// <param name="outFilePath">فایل خروجی</param>
    public static void ExtractEmails(string inFilePath, string outFilePath)

• Sandcastle
  

• Sandcastle Help File Builder

• Visual Studio 2005 SDK Version 4.0
  

• Visual Studio 2008 SDK Version 1.0

%Program Files%\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Help 2.0 Compiler\

 npm i react-router-dom --save

import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom";

//...

ReactDOM.render(
  <BrowserRouter>
    <App />
  </BrowserRouter>,
  document.getElementById("root")
);

import React from "react";

const Customers = () => {
  return <h1>Customers</h1>;
};

export default Customers;

import React from "react";

const Rentals = () => {
  return <h1>Rentals</h1>;
};

export default Rentals;

import React from "react";

const NotFound = () => {
  return <h1>Not Found</h1>;
};

export default NotFound;

import React from "react";

const MovieForm = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Movie Form</h1>
      <button className="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default MovieForm;

import "./App.css";

import React from "react";
import { Redirect, Route, Switch } from "react-router-dom";

import Customers from "./components/customers";
import Movies from "./components/movies";
import NotFound from "./components/notFound";
import Rentals from "./components/rentals";

function App() {
  return (
    <main className="container">
      <Switch>
        <Route path="/movies" component={Movies} />
        <Route path="/customers" component={Customers} />
        <Route path="/rentals" component={Rentals} />
        <Route path="/not-found" component={NotFound} />
        <Redirect to="/not-found" />
      </Switch>
    </main>
  );
}

export default App;

<Redirect from="/" to="/movies" />

<Redirect from="/" exact to="/movies" />

import React from "react";
import { Link, NavLink } from "react-router-dom";

const NavBar = () => {
  return (
    <nav className="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
      <Link className="navbar-brand" to="/">
        Home
      </Link>
      <button
        className="navbar-toggler"
        type="button"
        data-toggle="collapse"
        data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup"
        aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup"
        aria-expanded="false"
        aria-label="Toggle navigation"
      >
        <span className="navbar-toggler-icon" />
      </button>
      <div className="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavAltMarkup">
        <div className="navbar-nav">
          <NavLink className="nav-item nav-link" to="/movies">
            Movies
          </NavLink>
          <NavLink className="nav-item nav-link" to="/customers">
            Customers
          </NavLink>
          <NavLink className="nav-item nav-link" to="/rentals">
            Rentals
          </NavLink>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>
  );
};

export default NavBar;

import NavBar from "./components/navBar";
// ...

function App() {
  return (
    <React.Fragment>
      <NavBar />
      <main className="container">
        // ...
      </main>
    </React.Fragment>
  );
}

export default App;

body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 0 0 0;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

.navbar {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.clickable {
  cursor: pointer;
}

class MoviesTable extends Component {
  columns = [
    { path: "title", label: "Title" },

class MoviesTable extends Component {
  columns = [
    {
      path: "title",
      label: "Title",
      content: movie => <Link to={`/movies/${movie._id}`}>{movie.title}</Link>
    },

import { Link } from "react-router-dom";

<Route path="/movies/:id" component={MovieForm} />

import MovieForm from "./components/movieForm";

import React from "react";

const MovieForm = ({ match, history }) => {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Movie Form {match.params.id} </h1>
      <button
        className="btn btn-primary"
        onClick={() => history.push("/movies")}
      >
        Save
      </button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default MovieForm;

public class MyApiType
{
    private object _loadedResource;
    private object _someProperty;
 
    public MyApiType()
    {
        _loadedResource = LoadResource();
        if (_loadedResource == null) throw new InvalidOperationException();
    }
 
    public object SomeProperty
    {
        get
        {
            return _someProperty;
        }
 
        set
        {
            if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException();
            _someProperty = value;
        }
    }
}

public class MyApiType
{
    private object _loadedResource = LoadResource() ?? throw new InvalidOperationException();
    private object _someProperty;
 
    public object SomeProperty
    {
        get
        {
            return _someProperty;
        } 
        set
        {
            _someProperty = value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException();
        }
    }
}

public class MyApiType
{
    private object _loadedResource = LoadResource() ?? throw new InvalidOperationException();
    private object _someProperty;
 
    public object SomeProperty
    {
        get => _someProperty;
        set => _someProperty = value ?? throw new ArgumentNullException();
    }
}

public partial class ShippingAddressPage
{
    private readonly IWebDriver driver;
    public ShippingAddressPage(IWebDriver driver)
    {
        if (driver == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(driver));
        }
        this.driver = driver;
    }
}

public partial class ShippingAddressPage
{
    private readonly IWebDriver driver;
    public ShippingAddressPage(IWebDriver driver) =>
      this.driver = driver ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(driver));
}

private static int ThrowUsageInAnExpression(int value = 40)
{
    return value < 20 ? value : throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Argument value must be less than 20");
}

<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>

<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>

<li>Item 0</li> // <= New item
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>

<li key={0}>Item 0</li> // <= New item
<li key={1}>Item 1</li>
<li key={2}>Item 2</li>
<li key={3}>Item 3</li>

@page "/"

<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="addPerson">Add Person</button>

<ul class="mt-5">
    @foreach (var person in People)
    {
        <li>@person.Id, @person.Name</li>
    }
</ul>

@code{

    List<Person> People = new()
    {
        new() { Id = 1, Name = "User 1" },
        new() { Id = 2, Name = "User 2" },
    };
    int LastId = 2;

    void addPerson()
    {
        People.Insert(0, new() { Id = ++LastId, Name = $"User {LastId}" });
    }

    class Person
    {
        public int Id { set; get; }
        public string Name { set; get; }
    }
}

<ul class="mt-5">
    @foreach (var person in People)
    {
        <li @key="person.Id">@person.Id, @person.Name</li>
    }
</ul>

<VSTemplate Version="3.0.0" Type="ProjectGroup"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate/2005">
  <TemplateData>
    <Name>MyConsoleApplication</Name>
    <Description>MyConsoleApplication Desc</Description>
    <ProjectType>CSharp</ProjectType>
  </TemplateData>
  <TemplateContent>
    <ProjectCollection>
      <ProjectTemplateLink ProjectName="MyConsoleApplication">
      MyConsoleApplication\MyTemplate.vstemplate</ProjectTemplateLink>
      <ProjectTemplateLink ProjectName="MyConsoleApplication.Tests">
      MyConsoleApplication.Tests\MyTemplate.vstemplate</ProjectTemplateLink>
    </ProjectCollection>
  </TemplateContent>
</VSTemplate>

<VSContent xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vscontent/2005">
  <Content>
    <FileName>MyConsoleApplicationTemplates.zip</FileName>
    <DisplayName>MyConsoleApplication</DisplayName>
    <Description>A C# project that ...</Description>
    <FileContentType>VSTemplate</FileContentType>
    <ContentVersion>1.0</ContentVersion>
    <Attributes>
      <Attribute name="ProjectType" value="Visual C#" />
      <Attribute name="ProjectSubType" value="Web" />
      <Attribute name="TemplateType" value="Project" />
    </Attributes>
  </Content>
</VSContent>

According to Evans Data Corporation, there are approximately 19 million developers in the world. 36% of StackOverflow users polled confirmed that they had worked with SQL recently. Combining these two statistics together, there are an estimated 7 million developers working with SQL today.