using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using EFReplaceAll.Models;

namespace EFReplaceAll.Config
{
    public class DbSetInfo
    {
        public IQueryable<object> DbSet { set; get; }
        public Type DbSetType { set; get; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Product> Products { set; get; }
        public DbSet<Category> Categories { set; get; }
        public DbSet<User> Users { set; get; }

        public MyContext()
            : base("Connection1")
        {
            this.Database.Log = sql => Console.Write(sql);
        }

        public IList<DbSetInfo> GetAllDbSets()
        {
            return this.GetType()
                .GetProperties()
                .Where(p => p.PropertyType.IsGenericType &&
                            p.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(DbSet<>))
                .Select(p => new DbSetInfo
                {
                    DbSet = (IQueryable<object>)p.GetValue(this, null),
                    DbSetType = p.PropertyType.GetGenericArguments().First()
                })
                .ToList();
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace EFReplaceAll.Utils
{
    public class ReplaceOp
    {
        public string ToFind { set; get; }
        public string ToReplace { set; get; }
        public StringComparison Comparison { set; get; }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using EFReplaceAll.Config;

namespace EFReplaceAll.Utils
{
    public static class UpdateDbContextContents
    {
        public static void ReplaceAllStringsAcrossTables(IList<ReplaceOp> replaceOps)
        {
            int dbSetsCount;
            using (var uow = new MyContext())
            {
                dbSetsCount = uow.GetAllDbSets().Count;
            }

            for (var i = 0; i < dbSetsCount; i++)
            {
                using (var uow = new MyContext()) // using a new context each time to free resources quickly.
                {
                    var dbSetResult = uow.GetAllDbSets()[i];
                    var stringProperties = dbSetResult.DbSetType.GetProperties()
                        .Where(p => p.PropertyType == typeof(string))
                        .ToList();
                    var dbSetEntities = dbSetResult.DbSet;
                    var haveChanges = false;
                    foreach (var entity in dbSetEntities)
                    {
                        foreach (var stringProperty in stringProperties)
                        {
                            var oldPropertyValue = stringProperty.GetValue(entity, null) as string;
                            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(oldPropertyValue))
                            {
                                continue;
                            }

                            var newPropertyValue = oldPropertyValue;
                            foreach (var replaceOp in replaceOps)
                            {
                                newPropertyValue = newPropertyValue.ReplaceString(replaceOp.ToFind, replaceOp.ToReplace, replaceOp.Comparison);
                            }
                            if (oldPropertyValue != newPropertyValue)
                            {
                                stringProperty.SetValue(entity, newPropertyValue, null);
                                haveChanges = true;
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    if (haveChanges)
                    {
                        uow.SaveChanges();
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

using System;
using System.Text;

namespace EFReplaceAll.Utils
{
    public static class StringExtensions
    {
        public static string ReplaceString(this string src, string oldValue, string newValue, StringComparison comparison)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(src))
            {
                return src;
            }

            if (string.Compare(oldValue, newValue, comparison) == 0)
            {
                return src;
            }

            var sb = new StringBuilder();

            var previousIndex = 0;
            var index = src.IndexOf(oldValue, comparison);

            while (index != -1)
            {
                sb.Append(src.Substring(previousIndex, index - previousIndex));
                sb.Append(newValue);
                index += oldValue.Length;

                previousIndex = index;
                index = src.IndexOf(oldValue, index, comparison);
            }

            sb.Append(src.Substring(previousIndex));

            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }
}

            UpdateDbContextContents.ReplaceAllStringsAcrossTables(
                new[]
                {
                    new ReplaceOp
                    {
                        ToFind = "https://www.dntips.ir",
                        ToReplace = "https://www.dntips.ir",
                        Comparison = StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase
                    },
                    new ReplaceOp
                    {
                        ToFind = "https://www.dntips.ir",
                        ToReplace = "https://www.dntips.ir",
                        Comparison = StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase
                    }
                });

 public class Parent
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int X { get; set; }
        public int Y { get; set; }
        public Parent()
        {
            X = Y = 0;
        }
        public virtual void Move()
        {
            X += 5;
            Y += 5;
        }
        public void Shoot() { }
        public virtual void Pass() { } 
    }
    public class Child1 : Parent
    {
        public override void Move()
        {
            X += 10;
            Y += 10;
        }
    }
    public class Child2 : Parent
    {
        public override void Move()
        {
            X += 20;
            Y += 20;
        }
    }
    public enum State
    {
        Start,
        Move,
        Shoot,
        Pass
    }
    public class Creator
    {
        public static Parent GetInstance(bool? condition)
        {
            if (condition == null)
            {
                return new Parent();
            }
            if (condition == true)
            {
                return new Child1();
            }
            else
            {
                return new Child2();
            }
        }
    }
    public class Context
    {
        public void SetState(ref State s)
        {
            s = State.Move;
        }
        public void Main()
        {
            State state =State.Start;
            
            // در مورد نوع این شیء چیزی نمیدانیم و وابسته به شرایط نوع آن متغیر است
            // در حقیقت شیء کلاس فرزند را جای شیء کلاس والد  قرار می‌دهیم و نه بالعکس

            Parent obj = Creator.GetInstance(null);
            
            // منطق برنامه وضعیت را تغییر می‌دهد
            SetState(ref state);

            // قواعد کلی و عمومی که بدون در نظر گرفتن کلاس (نوع) شیء بر آن اعمال می‌شود
            switch (state)
            {
                case State.Move:
                    obj.Move();
                    break;
                case State.Shoot:
                    obj.Shoot();
                    break;
                case State.Pass:
                    obj.Pass();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }           
        }
    }

Child1 obj = Creator.GetInstance(null);

 public interface IHuman
    {
        void Move();
        void Eat();
        void LevelUp();
        void FireBullet();
    }
    public class Player : IHuman
    {
        public void Eat() { }
        public void FireBullet() { }
        public void LevelUp() { }
        public void Move() { }
    }
    public class Enemy : IHuman
    {
        public void Eat() { }
        public void FireBullet() { }
        public void LevelUp() { }
        public void Move() { }
    }
    public class Citizen : IHuman
    {
        public void Eat() { }
        public void FireBullet() { }
        public void LevelUp() { }
        public void Move() { }
    }

public interface IMovable { void Move(); }
    public interface IEatable { void Eat(); }
    public interface IPlayer { void LevelUp(); }
    public interface IShooter { void FireBullet(); }
    public class PlayerBetter : IPlayer, IMovable, IEatable, IShooter
    {
        public void Eat() { }
        public void FireBullet() { }
        public void LevelUp() { }
        public void Move() { }
    }
    public class EnemyBetter : IMovable, IShooter
    {
        public void FireBullet() { }
        public void Move() { }
    }
    public class CitizenBetter : IMovable
    {
        public void Move() { }
    }

public class Controller
    {
        public Service Service { get; set; }
        public Controller()
        {
            // کنترلر باید نحوه نمونه گیری را بداند (ورودی‌های لازم) و این از وظایف آن خارج است
            Service = new Service(1);
        }
        public void DoWork()
        {
            Service.RunService();
        }
    }

    public class Service
    {
        public int State { get; set; }
        public Service(int s)
        {
            State = s;
        }
        public void RunService() { }
    }

public class ControllerBetter
    {
        // ارجاع به واسط باعث انعطاف و کاهش وابستگی شده است
        public IService Service { get; set; }
        public ControllerBetter(IService service)
        {
            // یک کلاس دیگر وظیفه ارسال سرویس به سازنده کلاس کنترلر را دارد 
            // و مسئولیت نمونه گیری را از دوش کنترلر برداشته است
            Service = service;
        }
        public void DoWork()
        {
            Service.RunService();
        }
    }
    // کاهش وابستگی با تعریف واسط و تغییر وابستگی مستقیم بین کنترلر و سرویس
    public interface IService
    {
        void RunService();
    }
    // وابستگی جزییات به انتزاع
    public class ServiceBetter : IService
    {
        public int State { get; set; }
        public ServiceBetter(int s)
        {
            State = s;
        }
        public void RunService() { }
    }

public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context)
{
    // how to get additional parameters
     var form = await context.Request.ReadFormAsync();
     var key1 = form["my-very-special-key1"];

[HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Edit(User user, string[] tags)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                List<Role> roles = new List<Role>();
                foreach (var item in tags)
                {
                    Role role = db.Roles.Find(long.Parse(item));
                    roles.Add(role);
                }
                user.Roles = roles;
                
                db.Entry(user).State = EntityState.Modified;
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            return View(user);
        }

ToTable("Users");

Get-Project Iris.DomainClasses, Iris.Datalayer, Iris.Servicelayer, Iris.Web | Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework

        public IrisDbContext()
            : base("IrisDbContext")
        {
        }

            modelBuilder.Entity<CustomRole>().ToTable("AspRoles");
            modelBuilder.Entity<CustomUserClaim>().ToTable("UserClaims");
            modelBuilder.Entity<CustomUserRole>().ToTable("UserRoles");
            modelBuilder.Entity<CustomUserLogin>().ToTable("UserLogins");

AddColumn("dbo.Users", "EmailConfirmed", c => c.Boolean(nullable: false, defaultValue:true));

Get-Project Iris.Servicelayer, Iris.Web | Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin

                x.For<IIdentity>().Use(() => (HttpContext.Current != null && HttpContext.Current.User != null) ? HttpContext.Current.User.Identity : null);

                x.For<IUnitOfWork>()
                    .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                    .Use<IrisDbContext>();

                x.For<IrisDbContext>().HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                   .Use(context => (IrisDbContext)context.GetInstance<IUnitOfWork>());
                x.For<DbContext>().HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                   .Use(context => (IrisDbContext)context.GetInstance<IUnitOfWork>());

                x.For<IUserStore<ApplicationUser, int>>()
                    .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                    .Use<CustomUserStore>();

                x.For<IRoleStore<CustomRole, int>>()
                    .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                    .Use<RoleStore<CustomRole, int, CustomUserRole>>();

                x.For<IAuthenticationManager>()
                      .Use(() => HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().Authentication);

                x.For<IApplicationSignInManager>()
                      .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                      .Use<ApplicationSignInManager>();

                x.For<IApplicationRoleManager>()
                      .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                      .Use<ApplicationRoleManager>();

                // map same interface to different concrete classes
                x.For<IIdentityMessageService>().Use<SmsService>();
                x.For<IIdentityMessageService>().Use<IdentityEmailService>();

                x.For<IApplicationUserManager>().HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                   .Use<ApplicationUserManager>()
                   .Ctor<IIdentityMessageService>("smsService").Is<SmsService>()
                   .Ctor<IIdentityMessageService>("emailService").Is<IdentityEmailService>()
                   .Setter<IIdentityMessageService>(userManager => userManager.SmsService).Is<SmsService>()
                   .Setter<IIdentityMessageService>(userManager => userManager.EmailService).Is<IdentityEmailService>();

                x.For<ApplicationUserManager>().HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                   .Use(context => (ApplicationUserManager)context.GetInstance<IApplicationUserManager>());

                x.For<ICustomRoleStore>()
                      .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                      .Use<CustomRoleStore>();

                x.For<ICustomUserStore>()
                      .HybridHttpOrThreadLocalScoped()
                      .Use<CustomUserStore>();

Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb

    public class Person
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
    }

    public class PersonWithCtor
    {
        public PersonWithCtor(string firstName)
        {
            this.FirstName = firstName;
        }

        public string FirstName { get; set; }
    }

Person person = new Person();

var person = new Person();

Person person = new();

Person person = new("User 1");

var personList = new List<Person>
        {
            new ("User 1"),
            new ("User 2"),
            // ...
        };

public void Adopt(Person p)
{
    //...
}

public void CallerMethod()
{
    this.Adopt(new Person("User 1"));
    // C# 9.0
    this.Adopt(new("User 1"));
}

XmlReader.Create(reader, new XmlReaderSettings() { IgnoreWhitespace = true });
// C# 9.0
XmlReader.Create(reader, new() { IgnoreWhitespace = true });

Person person = new
{
   FirstName = "User 2"
};

Person person = new()
{
   FirstName = "User 2"
};

private ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>> _catsBefore = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>>();

private ConcurrentDictionary<string, ObservableList<Cat>> _cats = new(); // C# 9.0

public ObservableCollection<Friend> Friends { get; } = new();

public interface IAnimal
{
}

public class Dog : IAnimal
{
}

public class Cat : IAnimal
{
}

Cat cat = null;
Dog dog = new();
IAnimal animal = cat ?? dog;

(int a, int b) t = new(1, 2); // "new" is redundant

(int a, int b) t = new(); // OK; same as (0, 0)

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
                    xmlns:system="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib">
    <system:String x:Key="button1">Hello!</system:String>
    <system:String x:Key="button2">How Are You?</system:String>
    <system:String x:Key="button3">Are You OK?</system:String>
 
</ResourceDictionary>

<Application x:Class="BeRMOoDA.WPF.LocalizationSample.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
 
        <ResourceDictionary>
            <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
                <ResourceDictionary Source="Culture_en-US.xaml"/>
            </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        </ResourceDictionary>
 
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Button Content="{DynamicResource ResourceKey=button1}" />
<Button Content="{DynamicResource ResourceKey=button2}" />
<Button Content="{DynamicResource ResourceKey=button3}" />

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
                    xmlns:system="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib">
    <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        <ResourceDictionary Source="Culture_fa-IR_Farsi.xaml"/>
    </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
    <system:String x:Key="button1">سلام!</system:String>
    <system:String x:Key="button2">حالت چطوره؟</system:String>
    <system:String x:Key="button3">خوبی؟</system:String>
</ResourceDictionary>

public class CultureAssemblyModel
    {
        //the text will be displayed to user as language name (like Farsi)
        public string DisplayText { get; set; }
        //name of .dll file (like Culture_fa-IR_Farsi.dll)
        public string Name { get; set; }
        //standar notation of this culture (like fa-IR)
        public string Culture { get; set; }
        //name of resource dictionary file inside the loaded .dll (like Culture_fa-IR.xaml)
        public string XamlFileName { get; set; }
    }

//will keep information about loaded assemblies
public List<CultureAssemblyModel> CultureAssemblies { get; set; }
 
//loads assmeblies in languages folder and adds their info to list
 void LoadCultureAssemblies()
 {
      //we should be sure that list is empty before adding info (do u want to add some cultures more than one? of course u dont!)
      CultureAssemblies.Clear();
      //creating a directory represents applications directory\languages
      DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location) + "\\languages");
      //getting all .dll files in the language folder and its sub dirs. (who knows? maybe someone keeps each culture file in a seperate folder!)
      var assemblies = dir.GetFiles("*.dll", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
      //for each found .dll we will create a model and set its properties and then add to list  for (int i = 0; i < assemblies.Count(); i++)
      {

                string name = assemblies[i].Name;

                CultureAssemblyModel model = new CultureAssemblyModel() { DisplayText = name.Split('.', '_')[2], Culture = name.Split('.', '_')[1], Name = name  , XamlFileName =name.Substring(0, name.LastIndexOf(".")) + ".xaml" };
                CultureAssemblies.Add(model);
      }
 }

comboboxLanguages.ItemsSource = CultureAssemblies;

<ComboBox HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10" VerticalAlignment="Top" MinWidth="100" Name="comboboxLanguages">
            <ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <Label Content="{Binding DisplayText}"/>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ComboBox.ItemTemplate>
</ComboBox>

//loads selected culture
 public void LoadCulture(CultureAssemblyModel culture)
 {
     //creating a FileInfo object represents .dll file of selected cultur
     FileInfo assemblyFile = new FileInfo("languages\\" + culture.Name);
     //loading .dll into memory as a .net assembly
     var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(assemblyFile.FullName);
     //getting .dll file name
     var assemblyName = assemblyFile.Name.Substring(0, assemblyFile.Name.LastIndexOf("."));
     //creating string represents structure of a pack uri (something like this: /{myassemblyname;component/myresourcefile.xaml}
     string packUri = string.Format(@"/{0};component/{1}", assemblyName, culture.XamlFileName);
     //creating a pack uri
     Uri uri = new Uri(packUri, UriKind.Relative);
     //now we have created a pack uri that represents a resource object in loaded assembly
     //and its time to load that as a resource dictionary (do u remember that we had resource dictionary in culture assemblies? don't u?)
     var dic = Application.LoadComponent(uri) as ResourceDictionary;
     dic.Source = uri;
     //here we will remove current merged dictionaries in our resource dictionary and add recently-loaded resource dictionary as e merged dictionary
     var mergedDics = this.Resources.MergedDictionaries;
     if (mergedDics.Count > 0)
          mergedDics.Clear();
     mergedDics.Add(dic);
 }

void comboboxLanguages_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
 {
     var selectedCulture = (CultureAssemblyModel)comboboxLanguages.SelectedItem;
     App app = Application.Current as App;
     app.LoadCulture(selectedCulture);
 }