using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;

namespace ASPPatterns.Chap2.Service
{
    public class Product
    {
    }

    public class ProductRepository
    {
        public IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId)
        {
            IList<Product> products = new List<Product>();
            // Database operation to populate products …
            return products;
        }
    }

    public class ProductService
    {
        private ProductRepository _productRepository;
        public ProductService()
        {
            _productRepository = new ProductRepository();
        }

        public IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId)
        {
            IList<Product> products;
            string storageKey = string.Format("products_in_category_id_{0}", categoryId);
            products = (List<Product>)HttpContext.Current.Cache.Get(storageKey);
            if (products == null)
            {
                products = _productRepository.GetAllProductsIn(categoryId);
                HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(storageKey, products);
            }
            return products;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace ASPPatterns.Chap2.Service
{
    public interface IProductRepository
    {
        IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId);
    }

    public class ProductRepository : IProductRepository
    {
        public IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId)
        {
            IList<Product> products = new List<Product>();
            // Database operation to populate products …
            return products;
        }
    }

    public class ProductService
    {
        private IProductRepository _productRepository;
        public ProductService(IProductRepository  productRepository)
        {
            _productRepository = productRepository;
        }

        public IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId)
        {
            //…
        }
    }
}

public class ProductService
{
    private IProductRepository _productRepository;
    private ICacheStorage _cacheStorage;
    public ProductService(IProductRepository  productRepository,
    ICacheStorage cacheStorage)
    {
        _productRepository = productRepository;
        _cacheStorage = cacheStorage;
    }

    public IList<Product> GetAllProductsIn(int categoryId)
    {
        IList<Product> products;
        string storageKey = string.Format("products_in_category_id_{0}", categoryId);
        products = _cacheStorage.Retrieve<List<Product>>(storageKey);
        if (products == null)
        {
            products = _productRepository.GetAllProductsIn(categoryId);
            _cacheStorage.Store(storageKey, products);
        }
        return products;
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
namespace ASPPatterns.Chap2.Service
{
    public class HttpContextCacheAdapter : ICacheStorage
    {
        public void Remove(string key)
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Cache.Remove(key);
        }

        public void Store(string key, object data)
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(key, data);
        }

        public T Retrieve<T>(string key)
        {
            T itemStored = (T)HttpContext.Current.Cache.Get(key);
            if (itemStored == null)
                itemStored = default(T);
            return itemStored;
        }
    }
}

using System;

namespace SampleUniqueIndex
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, Inherited = false, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public class UniqueAttribute : Attribute
    {
        public UniqueAttribute(UniqueIndexOrder order = UniqueIndexOrder.ASC) {
            Order = order;
        }
        public UniqueAttribute(string indexName,UniqueIndexOrder order = UniqueIndexOrder.ASC)
        {
            IndexName = indexName;
            Order = order;
        }
        public string IndexName { get; private set; }
        public UniqueIndexOrder Order { get; set; }
    }

    public enum UniqueIndexOrder
    {
        ASC,
        DESC
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;

namespace SampleUniqueIndex
{
    public static class DbContextExtention
    {
        private static BindingFlags PublicInstance = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy;

        public static void ExecuteUniqueIndexes(this DbContext context)
        {
            var tables = GetTables(context);
            var query = "";
            foreach (var dbSet in GetDbSets(context))
            {
                var entityType = dbSet.PropertyType.GetGenericArguments().First();
                var table = tables[entityType.Name];
                var currentIndexes = GetCurrentUniqueIndexes(context, table.TableName);
                foreach (var uniqueProp in GetUniqueProperties(context, entityType, table))
                {
                    var indexName = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(uniqueProp.IndexName) ?
                        "IX_Unique_" + uniqueProp.TableName + "_" + uniqueProp.FieldName :
                        uniqueProp.IndexName;

                    if (!currentIndexes.Contains(indexName))
                    {
                        query += "ALTER TABLE [" + table.TableSchema + "].[" + table.TableName + "] ADD CONSTRAINT [" + indexName + "] UNIQUE ([" + uniqueProp.FieldName + "] " + uniqueProp.Order + "); ";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        currentIndexes.Remove(indexName);
                    }
                }
                foreach (var index in currentIndexes)
                {
                    query += "ALTER TABLE [" + table.TableSchema + "].[" + table.TableName + "] DROP CONSTRAINT " + index + "; ";
                }
            }

            if (query.Length > 0)
                context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(query);
        }

        private static List<string> GetCurrentUniqueIndexes(DbContext context, string tableName)
        {
            var sql = "SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS where table_name = '"
                      + tableName + "' and CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'UNIQUE'";
            var result = context.Database.SqlQuery<string>(sql).ToList();
            return result;
        }
        private static IEnumerable<PropertyDescriptor> GetDbSets(DbContext context)
        {
            foreach (PropertyDescriptor prop in TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(context))
            {
                var notMapped = prop.GetType().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(NotMappedAttribute),true);
                if (prop.PropertyType.Name == typeof(DbSet<>).Name && notMapped.Length == 0)
                    yield return prop;
            }
        }
        private static List<UniqueProperty> GetUniqueProperties(DbContext context, Type entity, TableInfo tableInfo)
        {
            var indexedProperties = new List<UniqueProperty>();
            var properties = entity.GetProperties(PublicInstance);
            var tableName = tableInfo.TableName;
            foreach (var prop in properties)
            {
                if (!prop.PropertyType.IsValueType && prop.PropertyType != typeof(string)) continue;

                UniqueAttribute[] uniqueAttributes = (UniqueAttribute[])prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(UniqueAttribute), true);
                NotMappedAttribute[] notMappedAttributes = (NotMappedAttribute[])prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(NotMappedAttribute), true);
                if (uniqueAttributes.Length > 0 && notMappedAttributes.Length == 0)
                {
                    var fieldName = GetFieldName(context, entity, prop.Name);
                    if (fieldName != null)
                    {
                        indexedProperties.Add(new UniqueProperty
                        {
                            TableName = tableName,
                            IndexName = uniqueAttributes[0].IndexName,
                            FieldName = fieldName,
                            Order = uniqueAttributes[0].Order.ToString()
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            return indexedProperties;
        }
        private static Dictionary<string, TableInfo> GetTables(DbContext context)
        {
            var tablesInfo = new Dictionary<string, TableInfo>();
            var metadata = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.MetadataWorkspace;
            var tables = metadata.GetItemCollection(DataSpace.SSpace)
              .GetItems<EntityContainer>()
              .Single()
              .BaseEntitySets
              .OfType<EntitySet>()
              .Where(s => !s.MetadataProperties.Contains("Type")
                || s.MetadataProperties["Type"].ToString() == "Tables");
            foreach (var table in tables)
            {
                var tableName = table.MetadataProperties.Contains("Table")
                    && table.MetadataProperties["Table"].Value != null
                  ? table.MetadataProperties["Table"].Value.ToString()
                  : table.Name;
                var tableSchema = table.MetadataProperties["Schema"].Value.ToString();
                tablesInfo.Add(table.Name, new TableInfo
                {
                    EntityName = table.Name,
                    TableName = tableName,
                    TableSchema = tableSchema,
                });
            }

            return tablesInfo;
        }
        public static string GetFieldName(DbContext context, Type entityModel, string propertyName)
        {
            var metadata = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.MetadataWorkspace;
            var osMembers = metadata.GetItem<EntityType>(entityModel.FullName, DataSpace.OSpace).Properties;
            var ssMebers = metadata.GetItem<EntityType>("CodeFirstDatabaseSchema." + entityModel.Name, DataSpace.SSpace).Properties;
            
            if (!osMembers.Contains(propertyName)) return null;

            var index = osMembers.IndexOf(osMembers[propertyName]);
            return ssMebers[index].Name;
        }

        internal class UniqueProperty
        {
            public string TableName { get; set; }
            public string FieldName { get; set; }
            public string IndexName { get; set; }
            public string Order { get; set; }
        }
        internal class TableInfo
        {
            public string EntityName { get; set; }
            public string TableName { get; set; }
            public string TableSchema { get; set; }
        }
    }
}

 public static void ExecuteUniqueIndexes(this DbContext context)
        {
            var tables = GetTables(context);
            ...
        }

        private static Dictionary<string, TableInfo> GetTables(DbContext context)
        {
            var tablesInfo = new Dictionary<string, TableInfo>();
            var metadata = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.MetadataWorkspace;
            var tables = metadata.GetItemCollection(DataSpace.SSpace)
              .GetItems<EntityContainer>()
              .Single()
              .BaseEntitySets
              .OfType<EntitySet>()
              .Where(s => !s.MetadataProperties.Contains("Type")
                || s.MetadataProperties["Type"].ToString() == "Tables");
            foreach (var table in tables)
            {
                var tableName = table.MetadataProperties.Contains("Table")
                    && table.MetadataProperties["Table"].Value != null
                  ? table.MetadataProperties["Table"].Value.ToString()
                  : table.Name;
                var tableSchema = table.MetadataProperties["Schema"].Value.ToString();
                tablesInfo.Add(table.Name, new TableInfo
                {
                    EntityName = table.Name,
                    TableName = tableName,
                    TableSchema = tableSchema,
                });
            }

            return tablesInfo;
        }

public static void ExecuteUniqueIndexes(this DbContext context)
        {
            var tables = GetTables(context);
            var query = "";
            foreach (var dbSet in GetDbSets(context))
            {
            ....
        }

        public static void ExecuteUniqueIndexes(this DbContext context)
        {
            ...
            foreach (var dbSet in GetDbSets(context))
            {
                var entityType = dbSet.PropertyType.GetGenericArguments().First();
                var table = tables[entityType.Name];
                var currentIndexes = GetCurrentUniqueIndexes(context, table.TableName);
            }
        }

        public static string GetFieldName(DbContext context, Type entityModel, string propertyName)
        {
            var metadata = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext.MetadataWorkspace;
            var osMembers = metadata.GetItem<EntityType>(entityModel.FullName, DataSpace.OSpace).Properties;
            var ssMebers = metadata.GetItem<EntityType>("CodeFirstDatabaseSchema." + entityModel.Name, DataSpace.SSpace).Properties;
            
            if (!osMembers.Contains(propertyName)) return null;

            var index = osMembers.IndexOf(osMembers[propertyName]);
            return ssMebers[index].Name;
        }

protected override void Seed(myDbContext context)
        {
            //  This method will be called after migrating to the latest version.

            //  You can use the DbSet<T>.AddOrUpdate() helper extension method 
            //  to avoid creating duplicate seed data. E.g.
            //
            //    context.People.AddOrUpdate(
            //      p => p.FullName,
            //      new Person { FullName = "Andrew Peters" },
            //      new Person { FullName = "Brice Lambson" },
            //      new Person { FullName = "Rowan Miller" }
            //    );
            //
            context.ExecuteUniqueIndexes();
        }