public async Task<IHttpActionResult> LoginUserAsync(LoginUserBindingModel model)
        {
          var requestParams = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>
          {
          new KeyValuePair<string, string>("grant_type", "password"),
          new KeyValuePair<string, string>("username", model.Username),
          new KeyValuePair<string, string>("password", model.Password)
          };
            var requestParamsFormUrlEncoded = new FormUrlEncodedContent(requestParams);
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                client.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:9577/");
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
              //  client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
                var response = await client.PostAsync("/login", requestParamsFormUrlEncoded);
                if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                {
                    var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                    var jsSerializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                    var responseData = jsSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(responseString);
                    return Content(HttpStatusCode.OK, responseData);
                }
                else
                {
                    return  BadRequest(response.ToString());
                }
            }
        }

[AddInContract]
public interface ITranslator : IContract
{
   string Translate(string input);
}

public abstract class TranslatorHostView
{
   public abstract string Translate(string input);
}

[AddInBase]
public abstract class TranslatorHostView
{
   public abstract string Translate(string input);
}

[HostAdapter]
public class TranslatorHostViewToContract : TranslatorHostView
{
   ITranslator _contract;
   ContractHandle _lifetime;

   public TranslatorHostViewToContract(ITranslator contract)
   {
       _contract = contract;
       _lifetime = new ContractHandle(contract);
   }

   public override string Translate (string inp)
   {
       return _contract.Translate(inp);
   }
}

[AddInAdapter]
public class TranslatorAddInViewToContract : ContractBase, ITranslator
{
   TranslatorAddInView _view;

   public TranslatorAddInViewToContract(TranslatorView view)
   {
       _view = view;
   }

   public string Translate(string inp)
   {
       return _view.Translate(inp);
   }
}

[AddIn("GoogleTranslator", Description="Universal translator",
Version="1.0.0.0", Publisher="YourName")]
public class GoogleAddIn : TranslatorAddInView
{
   public string Translate(string input)
   {
       ...
   }
}

public class CustomerInfo
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
}

public interface IModelBinder
{ 
    object BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, 
        ModelBindingContext bindingContext); 
}

using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using ModelBinderExample.Models;
using Persia;

namespace ModelBinderExample.CustomModelBinder
{
    // Article written for www.dotnettips.info
    public class CustomerInfoModelBinder : IModelBinder
    {
        public object BindModel(ControllerContext controllerContext, ModelBindingContext bindingContext)
        {
            HttpRequestBase request = controllerContext.HttpContext.Request;

            string firstName = request.Form.Get("FirstName");
            string lastName  = request.Form.Get("LastName");

            DateTime birthDate = this.GetMiladiDate(request);

            return new CustomerInfo()
            {
                FirstName = firstName,
                LastName  = lastName,
                BirthDate = birthDate
            };
        }

        private DateTime GetMiladiDate(HttpRequestBase request)
        {
            int day   = int.Parse(request.Form.Get("Day"));
            int month = int.Parse(request.Form.Get("Month"));
            int years = int.Parse(request.Form.Get("Years"));

            //Convert shamsi to miladi
            return Persia.Calendar.ConvertToGregorian(years, month, day, DateType.Gerigorian);
        }
    }
}

protected void Application_Start()
{
     AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

     WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
     FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
     RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
     //Register New ModelBinder
     ModelBinders.Binders.Add(typeof(CustomerInfo), new CustomerInfoModelBinder());
}

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create([ModelBinder(typeof (CustomerInfoModelBinder))] CustomerInfo customerInfo)
{
      if (ModelState.IsValid)
      {
           ViewBag.FirstName = customerInfo.FirstName;
           ViewBag.LastName = customerInfo.LastName;
           ViewBag.BirthDate = customerInfo.BirthDate;
      }
      return View();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.OData" version="6.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Core" version="2.2.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Owin" version="1.2.2" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform" version="1.0.2" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" version="1.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" version="1.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Net.Compilers" version="1.3.2" targetFramework="net462" developmentDependency="true" />
  <package id="Microsoft.OData.Core" version="7.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.OData.Edm" version="7.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Owin" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Owin.FileSystems" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Owin.Security" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Owin.StaticFiles" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Spatial" version="7.0.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="9.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="Owin" version="1.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Collections" version="4.0.11" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Collections.Concurrent" version="4.0.12" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.ComponentModel" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Diagnostics.Debug" version="4.0.11" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Globalization" version="4.0.11" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Linq" version="4.1.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Linq.Expressions" version="4.1.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Reflection" version="4.1.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Resources.ResourceManager" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Runtime.Extensions" version="4.1.0" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Threading" version="4.0.11" targetFramework="net462" />
  <package id="System.Threading.Tasks" version="4.0.11" targetFramework="net462" />
</packages>

PM>Update-Package -reinstall -Project YourProjectName

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="owin:AppStartup" value="OwinKatanaTest.OwinAppStartup, OwinKatanaTest" />
    <!-- Owin App Startup Class -->
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
    <!-- Disable asp.net web pages. Note that based on our current configuration, asp.net web forms, mvc and web pages won't work. This configuration is for owin stuffs only, for example asp.net web api & odata, signalr, etc. -->
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" defaultLanguage="c#" enablePrefetchOptimization="true" optimizeCompilations="true" targetFramework="4.6.2">
      <assemblies>
        <remove assembly="*" />
        <!-- To improve app startup performance, our app will continue its work without this compilations, these are required for asp.net web forms, mvc and web pages. -->
        <add assembly="OwinKatanaTest" />
      </assemblies>
    </compilation>
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.2" />
    <httpModules>
      <!-- No need to these modules and handlers, owin handler itself will do everything for us -->
      <clear />
    </httpModules>
    <httpHandlers>
      <clear />
    </httpHandlers>
    <sessionState mode="Off" />
  </system.web>
  <system.codedom>
    <compilers>
      <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
    </compilers>
  </system.codedom>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Owin" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.1.0" newVersion="3.0.1.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-9.0.0.0" newVersion="9.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.Owin.Security" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.1.0" newVersion="3.0.1.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Core" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-2.2.1.0" newVersion="2.2.1.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Reflection" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.0.0" newVersion="4.1.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Runtime.Extensions" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.0.0" newVersion="4.1.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Http" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http.Formatting" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
  <system.webServer>
    <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="false">
      <!-- We're not going to remove all modules, some modules such as static & dynamic compression modules are really cool (-: -->
      <remove name="RewriteModule" />
      <remove name="OutputCache" />
      <remove name="Session" />
      <remove name="WindowsAuthentication" />
      <remove name="FormsAuthentication" />
      <remove name="DefaultAuthentication" />
      <remove name="RoleManager" />
      <remove name="FileAuthorization" />
      <remove name="UrlAuthorization" />
      <remove name="AnonymousIdentification" />
      <remove name="Profile" />
      <remove name="UrlMappingsModule" />
      <remove name="ServiceModel-4.0" />
      <remove name="UrlRoutingModule-4.0" />
      <remove name="ScriptModule-4.0" />
      <remove name="Isapi" />
      <remove name="IsapiFilter" />
      <remove name="DigestAuthentication" />
      <remove name="WindowsAuthentication" />
      <remove name="ServerSideInclude" />
      <remove name="DirectoryListing" />
      <remove name="DefaultDocument" />
      <remove name="CustomError" />
      <remove name="Cgi" />
    </modules>
    <defaultDocument>
      <!-- Default docs will be configured using owin static files middleware -->
      <files>
        <clear />
      </files>
    </defaultDocument>
    <handlers>
      <!-- Only use this handler for all requests -->
      <clear />
      <add name="Owin" verb="*" path="*" type="Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb.OwinHttpHandler, Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb" />
    </handlers>
    <httpProtocol>
      <customHeaders>
        <clear />
      </customHeaders>
    </httpProtocol>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>

using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR;
using Microsoft.OData;
using Microsoft.OData.Edm;
using Owin;
using OwinKatanaTest.Model;
using OwinKatanaTest.ODataControllers;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.OData.Builder;
using System.Web.OData.Extensions;
using System.Web.OData.Routing.Conventions;

namespace OwinKatanaTest
{
    public class OwinAppStartup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder owinApp)
        {
            owinApp.Map("/odata", innerOwinAppForOData =>
            {
                HttpConfiguration webApiODataConfig = new HttpConfiguration();
                webApiODataConfig.IncludeErrorDetailPolicy = IncludeErrorDetailPolicy.Always;

                webApiODataConfig.Formatters.Clear();

                IEnumerable<IODataRoutingConvention> conventions = ODataRoutingConventions.CreateDefault();

                ODataModelBuilder modelBuilder = new ODataConventionModelBuilder(webApiODataConfig);

                modelBuilder.Namespace = modelBuilder.ContainerName = "Test";
                var categoriesSetConfig = modelBuilder.EntitySet<Category>("Categories");
                var getBestCategoryFunctionConfig = categoriesSetConfig.EntityType.Collection.Function(nameof(CategoriesController.GetBestCategory));
                getBestCategoryFunctionConfig.ReturnsFromEntitySet<Category>("Categories");

                IEdmModel edmModel = modelBuilder.GetEdmModel();

                webApiODataConfig.MapODataServiceRoute("default", "", builder =>
                {
                    builder.AddService(ServiceLifetime.Singleton, sp => conventions);
                    builder.AddService(ServiceLifetime.Singleton, sp => edmModel);
                });

                innerOwinAppForOData.UseWebApi(webApiODataConfig);

            });

            owinApp.Map("/api", innerOwinAppForWebApi =>
            {
                HttpConfiguration webApiConfig = new HttpConfiguration();
                webApiConfig.IncludeErrorDetailPolicy = IncludeErrorDetailPolicy.Always;

                webApiConfig.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

                webApiConfig.Routes.MapHttpRoute(name: "default", routeTemplate: "{controller}/{action}", defaults: new { action = RouteParameter.Optional });

                innerOwinAppForWebApi.UseWebApi(webApiConfig);
            });

            owinApp.Map("/signalr", innerOwinAppForSignalR =>
            {
                innerOwinAppForSignalR.RunSignalR(new HubConfiguration
                {
                    EnableDetailedErrors = true
                });
            });

            owinApp.UseStaticFiles();

            owinApp.Run(async context =>
            {
                await context.Response.WriteAsync("owin katana");
            });
        }
    }
}

using OwinKatanaTest.Model;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.OData;

namespace OwinKatanaTest.ODataControllers
{
    public class CategoriesController : ODataController
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public Category GetBestCategory()
        {
            return new Category { Id = 1, Name = "Test" };
        }
    }
}

using OwinKatanaTest.Model;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace OwinKatanaTest.ApiControllers
{
    public class ProductsController : ApiController
    {
        [HttpGet]
        [Route("products/{categoryId}")]
        public List<Product> GetProductsByCategoryId(int categoryId)
        {
            return new List<Product>
            {
                new Product { Id = 1 , Name = "Test" }
            };
        }
    }
}

<package id="Microsoft.Owin.Testing" version="3.0.1" targetFramework="net462" />

using Microsoft.Owin.Testing;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OwinKatanaTest;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Test
{
    [TestClass]
    public class Test
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public async Task TestWebApi()
        {
            using (TestServer server = TestServer.Create<OwinAppStartup>())
            {
                HttpResponseMessage apiResponse = await server.HttpClient.GetAsync("/api/products/1");
                apiResponse.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.OK, apiResponse.StatusCode);
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public async Task TestOData()
        {
            using (TestServer server = TestServer.Create<OwinAppStartup>())
            {
                HttpResponseMessage odataResponse = await server.HttpClient.GetAsync("odata/Categories/Test.GetBestCategory");
                odataResponse.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.OK, odataResponse.StatusCode);
            }
        }
    }
}

    public partial class PersonallyEntities : DbContext
    {
        public PersonallyEntities()
            : base("name=PersonallyEntities")
        {
        }
    }

"name=PersonallyEntities"

 metadata=res://*/Model1.csdl|res://*/Model1.ssdl|res://*/Model1.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string="data source=.;initial catalog=Personally;integrated security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;App=EntityFramework"

        public static string BuildEntityConnection(string connectionString)
        {
            var entityConnection = new EntityConnectionStringBuilder
            {
                Provider = "System.Data.SqlClient",
                ProviderConnectionString = connectionString,
                Metadata = "res://*"
            };

            return entityConnection.ToString();
        }

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SortedSetTest
{
   class Program
   {
       static void sample1()
       {
           var setRange = new SortedSet<int> { 2, 5, 6, 2, 1, 4, 8 };

           foreach (var i in setRange)
           {
               Console.WriteLine(i);
           }
       }

       static void Main()
       {
           sample1();
       }
   }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SortedSetTest
{
   class Program
   {      
       static void sample2()
       {
           var setRange = new SortedSet<int>();
           var random = new Random();

           for (int counter = 0; counter < 100; counter++)
           {
               var rnd = random.Next(-180, 181);
               if (!setRange.Add(rnd))
               {
                   Console.WriteLine("Couldn't add {0}", rnd);
               }
           }

           Console.WriteLine("Result set:");
           foreach (var item in setRange)
           {
               Console.WriteLine(item);
           }
       }

       static void Main()
       {
           sample2();
       }
   }
}

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SortedSetTest
{
   class FileInfo
   {
       public string Name { set; get; }
       public long Size { set; get; }
   }

   class FileInfoComparer : IComparer<FileInfo>
   {
       public int Compare(FileInfo x, FileInfo y)
       {
           var caseiComp = new CaseInsensitiveComparer();
           return caseiComp.Compare(x.Name, y.Name);
       }
   }


   class Program
   {

       static void sample3()
       {
           var setRange = new SortedSet<FileInfo>(new FileInfoComparer())
                              {
                                  new FileInfo
                                      {
                                          Name = "file1.txt",
                                          Size = 100
                                      },
                                  new FileInfo
                                      {
                                          Name = "file2.txt",
                                          Size = 10
                                      },
                                      new FileInfo
                                          {
                                          Name = "file3.txt",
                                          Size = 300
                                      }
                              };

           foreach (var item in setRange)
           {
               Console.WriteLine(item.Name);
           }
       }

       static void Main()
       {
           sample3();

           Console.WriteLine("Press a key...");
           Console.ReadKey();
       }
   }
}

public class Navbar
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }

        public int? ParentId { get; set; }
        public virtual Navbar Parent { get; set; }
        public bool IsActive { get; set; }
        public bool HasChiled { get; set; }
        public bool IsMegaMenu { get; set; }
        public PageGroup PageGroup { get; set; }
        public string Url { get; set; }
        public bool OpenNewPage { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<Navbar> Children { get; set; }
    }

    public class TopNavbar : ViewComponent
    {
        private readonly DbSet<Navbar> _navbars;
        private readonly AppDbContext _dbContext;

        public TopNavbar(AppDbContext dbContext)
        {
            _dbContext = dbContext;
            _navbars = _dbContext.Set<Navbar>();
        }
        public async Task<IViewComponentResult> InvokeAsync()
        {
            var navbars = await _navbars.Include(p=>p.Parent).Include(x=>x.Children).OrderBy(x=>x.ParentId).ToListAsync();
            return View(viewName: "~/Views/Shared/Components/NavbarViewComponent/_Menu.cshtml", navbars);
        }
    }

 <ul class="menu">
                <li>
                    <a href="Index_demo6.html"><i class="menu_icon_wrapper fal fa-home-lg-alt"></i>صفحه اصلی</a>
                </li>
                @await Component.InvokeAsync("TopNavbar");                
 </ul>

@using TR.Context.Entities
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Html
@model IEnumerable<TR.Context.Entities.Navbar>


@foreach (var menu in Model.Where(x => x.Parent == null))
{

    <li class="@(menu.HasChiled ? "has_sub narrow" : "")">
        <a href="#">@menu.Title</a>
        @if (menu.HasChiled)
        {
            <div class="second">
                <div class="inner">
                    <ul>
                        @foreach (var menuChild in menu.Children)
                        {
                        <partial name="~/Views/Shared/Components/NavbarViewComponent/_SubMenu.cshtml" model="menuChild" />
                        }
                    </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        }
    </li>
}

@model TR_.Context.Entities.Navbar

<li class="@(Model.HasChiled ? "sub":"")">
    <a href="#">
        @if (Model.Children.Any())
        {<i class="q_menu_arrow fal fa-angle-left"></i>}
        @Model.Title
    </a>
    @if (Model.Children.Any())
    {
        <ul>
            @foreach (var menuChild in Model.Children)
            {
                <partial name="~/Views/Shared/Components/NavbarViewComponent/_SubMenu.cshtml" model="menuChild" />
            }
        </ul>
    }
</li>