using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using iTextSharp.text;
using iTextSharp.text.html;
using iTextSharp.text.html.simpleparser;
using iTextSharp.text.pdf;

namespace CustomHtmlWorkerTag
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Our custom HTML Tag to add an IElement.
    /// </summary>
    public class CustomImageHTMLTagProcessor : IHTMLTagProcessor
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Tells the HTMLWorker what to do when a close tag is encountered.
        /// </summary>
        public void EndElement(HTMLWorker worker, string tag)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Tells the HTMLWorker what to do when an open tag is encountered.
        /// </summary>
        public void StartElement(HTMLWorker worker, string tag, IDictionary<string, string> attrs)
        {
            Image image;
            var src = attrs["src"];

            if (src.StartsWith("data:image/"))
            {
                // data:[<MIME-type>][;charset=<encoding>][;base64],<data>
                var base64Data = src.Substring(src.IndexOf(",") + 1);
                var imagedata = Convert.FromBase64String(base64Data);
                image = Image.GetInstance(imagedata);
            }
            else
            {
                image = Image.GetInstance(src);
            }

            worker.UpdateChain(tag, attrs);
            worker.ProcessImage(image, attrs);
            worker.UpdateChain(tag);
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (var pdfDoc = new Document(PageSize.A4))
            {
                PdfWriter.GetInstance(pdfDoc, new FileStream("Test.pdf", FileMode.Create));
                pdfDoc.Open();

                FontFactory.Register("c:\\windows\\fonts\\tahoma.ttf");

                var tags = new HTMLTagProcessors();
                // Replace the built-in image processor
                tags[HtmlTags.IMG] = new CustomImageHTMLTagProcessor();

                var html = "<img alt='' src='data:image/png;base64,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' />";

                var styles = new StyleSheet();
                styles.LoadTagStyle(HtmlTags.BODY, HtmlTags.FONTFAMILY, "tahoma");
                styles.LoadTagStyle(HtmlTags.BODY, HtmlTags.ENCODING, "Identity-H");

                PdfPCell pdfCell = new PdfPCell { Border = 0 };
                pdfCell.RunDirection = PdfWriter.RUN_DIRECTION_LTR;

                using (var reader = new StringReader(html))
                {
                    var parsedHtmlElements = HTMLWorker.ParseToList(reader, styles, tags, null);

                    foreach (var htmlElement in parsedHtmlElements)
                    {
                        pdfCell.AddElement(htmlElement);
                    }
                }

                var table1 = new PdfPTable(1);
                table1.AddCell(pdfCell);
                pdfDoc.Add(table1);
            }

            Process.Start("Test.pdf");
        }
    }
}

var tags = new HTMLTagProcessors();
// Replace the built-in image processor
tags[HtmlTags.IMG] = new CustomImageHTMLTagProcessor();

HTMLWorker.ParseToList(reader, styles, tags, null)

var chars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";

var random = new Random();
var result = new string(
Enumerable.Repeat(chars, 8)
          .Select(s => s[random.Next(s.Length)])
          .ToArray());

char[] chars = new char[62];
chars="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890".ToCharArray();

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(maxSize);
foreach (byte b in data)
{
  result.Append(chars[b % (chars.Length)]);
}

public static string GetRandomAlphaNumeric (int maxSize)
{
      char[] chars = new char[62];
      chars ="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890".ToCharArray();            
      RNGCryptoServiceProvider crypto = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();            
      byte[] data = new byte[maxSize];
      crypto.GetNonZeroBytes(data);
      StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(maxSize);
      foreach (byte b in data)
      {
           result.Append(chars[b % (chars.Length)]);
      }
      return result.ToString();
}

 InvalidCastExceptio

internal class Employee {
...
}    
public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        // بدون ذکر نام والد تبدیل صورت میگیرد
        Object o = new Employee();

      // برای تبدیل والد به یکی از مشتقات آن نیاز است
        // نوع آن به طور صریح ذکر گردد
         // در بعضی زبان‌های مثل ویژوال بیسیک نیازی به ذکر آن نیست
        Employee e = (Employee) o;
     }
  }

Object o = new Object();
  Boolean b1 = (o is Object);   // b1 is true.
  Boolean b2 = (o is Employee); // b2 is false.

if (o is Employee) 
{     
         Employee e = (Employee) o;
}

Employee e = o as Employee;
  if (e != null) {
     .....
  }

System.Text

public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream(...);
        System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
     }
  }

using System.IO;    // Try prepending "System.IO." 
 using System.Text;  // Try prepending "System.Text." 
  
public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(...); 
       StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
     }
  }

using Microsoft; 
using Dotnettips ;
public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        Widget w = new Widget();// An ambiguous reference
     } 
 }

 'Widget' is an ambiguous reference between 'Microsoft.Widget' and 'Dotnettips.Widget

using Microsoft; 
using Dotnettips;
   
public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        Dotnettips.Widget w = new Dotnettips.Widget(); // Not ambiguous
     }
  }

using Microsoft; 
using Dotnettips;
using DotnettipsWidget = Dotnettips.Widget;   

public sealed class Program {
     public static void Main() {
        DotnettipsWidget w = new DotnettipsWidget (); // No error now
     }
  }

 localhost:123/{controller}/{action}/{id}

routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Student",
url: "students/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Student", action = "Index" }
);
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Default",
url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Product",
url: "{Product}/{productid}",
defaults: new { controller = "Product", action = "Details" }
);

/Product/24
/Product/4

/Product/apple
/Product/kish

routes.MapRoute(
name: "Product",
url: "{Product}/{productid}",
defaults: new { controller = "Product", action = "Details" },
constraints: new { productid = @"\d+" }
);

public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
{
  protected void Application_Start()
  {
  RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
  }
}

// =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
//                    Captchafa demo for ASP.NET applications
//                                 by: Behrouz Rad
// =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
namespace Captcha
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Web;

    public class Captchafa
    {
        private static readonly string PRIVATE_KEY = "your private key";
        private static readonly string PUBLIC_KEY = "your public key";
        private static readonly string CAPTCHAFA_API_SERVER = "http://www.captchafa.com/api";
        private static readonly string CAPTCHAFA_VERIFY_SERVER = "http://www.captchafa.com/api/verify/";

        private IDictionary<string, string> CaptchafaData
        {
            get
            {
                HttpContext httpContext = HttpContext.Current;

                string remoteIp = httpContext.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"];
                string challenge = httpContext.Request.Form["captchafa_challenge_field"];
                string response = httpContext.Request.Form["captchafa_response_field"];

                IDictionary<string, string> data = new Dictionary<string, string>() 
                { 
                    {"privatekey" , PRIVATE_KEY },
                    {"remoteip"   , remoteIp    },
                    {"challenge"  , challenge   },
                    {"response"   , response    }
                };

                return data;
            }
        }

        public static string CaptchafaGetHtml()
        {
            return string.Format("<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"{0}/?challenge&k={1}\"></script>", CAPTCHAFA_API_SERVER, PUBLIC_KEY);
        }

        public bool IsAnswerCorrect()
        {
            string dataToSend = this.CaptchafaPrepareDataToSend(this.CaptchafaData);

            string result = this.CaptchafaPostResponse(dataToSend);

            return result.StartsWith("true");
        }

        private string CaptchafaPrepareDataToSend(IDictionary<string, string> data)
        {
            string result = string.Empty;
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

            foreach (var item in data)
            {
                sb.AppendFormat("{0}={1}&", item.Key, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(item.Value.Replace(@"\", string.Empty)));
            }

            result = sb.ToString();

            sb = null;

            result = result.Substring(0, result.LastIndexOf("&"));

            return result;
        }

        private string CaptchafaPostResponse(string data)
        {
            StreamReader reader = null;
            Stream dataStream = null;
            WebResponse response = null;
            string responseFromServer = string.Empty;

            try
            {
                WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(CAPTCHAFA_VERIFY_SERVER);

                request.Method = "POST";
                request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

                byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);

                request.ContentLength = byteData.Length;

                dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();

                dataStream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);

                dataStream.Close();

                response = request.GetResponse();

                dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();

                reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);

                responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (reader != null)
                {
                    reader.Close();
                }

                if (dataStream != null)
                {
                    dataStream.Close();
                }

                if (response != null)
                {
                    response.Close();
                }
            }

            return responseFromServer;
        }
    }
}

if (!IsPostBack)
{
    litCaptcha.Text = Captchafa.CaptchafaGetHtml();
}

Captchafa captchaFa = new Captchafa();

bool isAnswerCorrect = captchaFa.IsAnswerCorrect();

if (isAnswerCorrect)
{
    // پاسخ صحیح است
}
else
{
   // پاسخ صحیح نیست
}

public static class CaptchaHelper
{
    public static MvcHtmlString Captchafa(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper)
    {
        return MvcHtmlString.Create(Captcha.Captchafa.CaptchafaGetHtml());
    }
}

[HttpPost]
[ActionName("Index")]
public ViewResult CaptchaCheck()
{
    Captchafa captchaFa = new Captchafa();

    bool isAnswerCorrect = captchaFa.IsAnswerCorrect();

    if (isAnswerCorrect)
    {
        ViewBag.IsAnswerCorrect = true;
    }
    else
    {
        ViewBag.IsAnswerCorrect = false;
    }

    return View();
}

@using CaptchafaDemoMvc.Helpers;

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}

<form action="/" method="post">

@Html.Captchafa();

<input type="submit" id="btnCaptchafa" name="btnCaptchafa" value="آزمایش" />

@{
    bool isAnswerExists = ViewBag.IsAnswerCorrect != null;
}

@if (isAnswerExists)
{
    if ((bool)ViewBag.IsAnswerCorrect == true)
    {
       <span id="lblResult">پاسخ صحیح است</span>
    }
    else
    {
       <span id="lblResult">پاسخ صحیح نیست</span>
    }
}
</form>

namespace ExplorerPCal.Hooks
{
    public class GetDateTimeFormatInjection : IEntryPoint
    {

        public GetDateTimeFormatInjection(RemoteHooking.IContext context, string channelName)
        {
            // connect to host...
            _interface = RemoteHooking.IpcConnectClient<MessagesReceiverInterface>(channelName);
            _interface.Ping();
        }

        public void Run(RemoteHooking.IContext context, string channelName)
        {
        }
    }
}

        public void Run(RemoteHooking.IContext context, string channelName)
        {
                GetDateFormatHook = LocalHook.Create(
                                        InTargetProc: LocalHook.GetProcAddress("kernel32.dll", "GetDateFormatW"),
                                        InNewProc: new GetDateFormatDelegate(getDateFormatInterceptor),
                                        InCallback: this);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int GetDateFormatW(
                                        uint locale,
                                        uint dwFlags, // NLS_DATE_FLAGS
                                        SystemTime lpDate,
                                        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string lpFormat,
                                        StringBuilder lpDateStr,
                                        int sbSize);

        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private delegate int GetDateFormatDelegate(
                                        uint locale,
                                        uint dwFlags,
                                        SystemTime lpDate,
                                        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string lpFormat,
                                        StringBuilder lpDateStr,
                                        int sbSize);

        private int getDateFormatInterceptor(
                                        uint locale,
                                        uint dwFlags,
                                        SystemTime lpDate,
                                        string lpFormat,
                                        StringBuilder lpDateStr,
                                        int sbSize)
        {

        }

public class MessagesReceiverInterface : MarshalByRefObject
{
    public void Ping()
    {
    }
}

 var channel = RemoteHooking.IpcCreateServer<MessagesReceiverInterface>(ref _channelName, WellKnownObjectMode.SingleCall);

 RemoteHooking.Inject(
  explorer.Id,
  InjectionOptions.Default | InjectionOptions.DoNotRequireStrongName,
  "ExplorerPCal.Hooks.dll", // 32-bit version (the same, because of using AnyCPU)
  "ExplorerPCal.Hooks.dll", // 64-bit version (the same, because of using AnyCPU)
  _channelName
);

 .ctor(IContext, %ArgumentList%)
void Run(IContext, %ArgumentList%)

             try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(500);
                    _interface.Ping();
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                _interface = null;
                // .NET Remoting will raise an exception if host is unreachable

            }