using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;

namespace TestKeys
{
    public class Bill
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public decimal Amount { set; get; }
        public virtual Account Account { get; set; }
    }

    public class Account
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Bill> Bills { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Account> Accounts { get; set; }
    }

    public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyContext>
    {
        public Configuration()
        {
            AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
            AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;
        }

        protected override void Seed(MyContext context)
        {
            var a1 = new Account { Name = "a1" };
            var a2 = new Account { Name = "a2" };

            var bill1 = new Bill { Amount = 100, Account = a1 };
            var bill2 = new Bill { Amount = 200, Account = a2 };

            context.Bills.Add(bill1);
            context.Bills.Add(bill2);
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }

    public static class Test
    {
        public static void Start()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyContext, Configuration>());
            using (var ctx = new MyContext())
            {
                var bill1 = ctx.Bills.Find(1);
                Console.WriteLine(bill1.Amount);
            }
        }
    }
}

using (var ctx = new MyContext())
{
     var bill1 = ctx.Bills.Find(1);
     var a2 = new Account { Id = 2, Name = "a2" };
     bill1.Account = a2;
     ctx.SaveChanges();
}

using (var ctx = new MyContext())
{
    var bill1 = ctx.Bills.Find(1);
    var a2 = ctx.Accounts.Find(2);
    bill1.Account = a2;
    ctx.SaveChanges();
}

public class Bill
{
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public decimal Amount { set; get; }

        [ForeignKey("AccountId")]
        public virtual Account Account { get; set; }
        public int AccountId { set; get; }
}

using (var ctx = new MyContext())
{
    var bill1 = ctx.Bills.Find(1);
    bill1.AccountId = 2;
    ctx.SaveChanges();
}

using (var ctx = new MyContext())
{
     var a2 = new Account { Id = 2, Name = "a2_a2" };
     ctx.Entry(a2).State = System.Data.EntityState.Modified;
     ctx.SaveChanges();
}

CREATE TABLE app_product (
     Id Int IDENTITY NOT NULL,
     Description_en Text,
     Description_pl Text,
     PRIMARY KEY (Id)
);

    public class Role : IdentityRole<int, UserRole, RoleClaim>, IAuditableEntity
    {
        public Role()
        {
        }

        public Role(string name)
            : this()
        {
            Name = name;
        }

        public Role(string name, string description)
            : this(name)
        {
            Description = description;
        }

        public string Description { get; set; }
    }

    public class UserRole : IdentityUserRole<int>, IAuditableEntity
    {
        public virtual User User { get; set; }

        public virtual Role Role { get; set; }
    }

public class RoleClaim : IdentityRoleClaim<int>, IAuditableEntity
{
   public virtual Role Role { get; set; }
}

public class UserClaim : IdentityUserClaim<int>, IAuditableEntity
{
   public virtual User User { get; set; }
}

public class UserToken : IdentityUserToken<int>, IAuditableEntity
{
   public virtual User User { get; set; }
}

public class UserLogin : IdentityUserLogin<int>, IAuditableEntity
{
   public virtual User User { get; set; }
}

    public class User : IdentityUser<int, UserClaim, UserRole, UserLogin>, IAuditableEntity
    {
        public User()
        {
            UserUsedPasswords = new HashSet<UserUsedPassword>();
            UserTokens = new HashSet<UserToken>();
        }

        [StringLength(450)]
        public string FirstName { get; set; }

        [StringLength(450)]
        public string LastName { get; set; }

        [NotMapped]
        public string DisplayName
        {
            get
            {
                var displayName = $"{FirstName} {LastName}";
                return string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(displayName) ? UserName : displayName;
            }
        }

        [StringLength(450)]
        public string PhotoFileName { get; set; }

        public DateTimeOffset? BirthDate { get; set; }

        public DateTimeOffset? CreatedDateTime { get; set; }

        public DateTimeOffset? LastVisitDateTime { get; set; }

        public bool IsEmailPublic { get; set; }

        public string Location { set; get; }

        public bool IsActive { get; set; } = true;

        public virtual ICollection<UserUsedPassword> UserUsedPasswords { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<UserToken> UserTokens { get; set; }
    }

    public class UserUsedPassword : IAuditableEntity
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string HashedPassword { get; set; }

        public virtual User User { get; set; }
        public int UserId { get; set; }
    }

 public abstract class ApplicationDbContextBase :
  IdentityDbContext<User, Role, int, UserClaim, UserRole, UserLogin, RoleClaim, UserToken>,
  IUnitOfWork

protected void BeforeSaveTriggers()
{
  ValidateEntities();
  SetShadowProperties();
  this.ApplyCorrectYeKe();
}

 public class ApplicationDbContext : ApplicationDbContextBase

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
        {
            // it should be placed here, otherwise it will rewrite the following settings!
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);

            // Adds all of the ASP.NET Core Identity related mappings at once.
            builder.AddCustomIdentityMappings(SiteSettings.Value);

            // Custom application mappings


            // This should be placed here, at the end.
            builder.AddAuditableShadowProperties();
        }

class DotnetTips
{
....
}

class DotnetTips:System.Object
{
...
}

DotnetTips dotnettips=new DotnetTips("i am constructor");

1. اولین کاری که CLR انجام می‌دهد، محاسبه‌ی مقدار حافظه یا تعداد بایت‌های فیلدهای شیء مربوطه است و همچنین اشیایی که از آن‌ها مشتق شده است؛ مثل System.Object که همیشه وجود دارد. هر شیء‌ایی که بر روی حافظه‌ی Heap قرار می‌گیرد، به یک سری اعضای اضافه هم نیاز دارد که Type Object Pointer و Sync Block Index نامیده می‌شوند و CLR از آن‌ها برای مدیریت حافظه استفاده می‌کند. تعداد بایت‌های این اعضای اضافه هم با تعداد بایت‌های شیء مدنظر جمع می‌شوند.
2. طبق تعداد بایت‌های به دست آمده، یک مقدار از حافظه‌ی Heap دریافت می‌شود.
3. دو عضو اضافه که در بند شماره یک به آن اشاره کردیم، آماده سازی می‌شوند.
4. سازنده‌ی شیء صدا زده می‌شود. سازنده بر اساس نوع ورودی شما انتخاب می‌شود و در صورت ارجاع به سازنده‌های والد، ابتدا سازنده‌های والد صدا زده می‌شوند و بعد از اینکه همه‌ی سازنده‌ها صدا زده شدند، سازنده‌ی System.Object صدا زده می‌شود که هیچ کدی ندارد؛ ولی به هر حال عمل Return آن انجام می‌شود.

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            // TableNameConvention
            modelBuilder.Types()
                        .Configure(entity => entity.ToTable("tbl" + entity.ClrType.Name));                        

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            // PrimaryKeyNameConvention
            modelBuilder.Properties()
                        .Where(p => p.Name == "Id")
                        .Configure(p => p.IsKey().HasColumnName(p.ClrPropertyInfo.ReflectedType.Name + "Id"));

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }

    public class StringConventions : IStoreModelConvention<EdmProperty>
    {
        public void Apply(EdmProperty property, DbModel model)
        {
            if (property.PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeKind == PrimitiveTypeKind.String)
            {
                property.MaxLength = 450;
            }
        }
    }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Conventions.Add<StringConventions>();
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }

    public class MyConventions : Convention
    {
        public MyConventions()
        {
            // PrimaryKeyNameConvention
            this.Properties()
                .Where(p => p.Name == "Id")
                .Configure(p => p.IsKey().HasColumnName(p.ClrPropertyInfo.ReflectedType.Name + "Id"));

            // TableNameConvention
            this.Types()
                .Configure(entity => entity.ToTable("tbl" + entity.ClrType.Name));
        }
    }

    public class Grade
    {
        public Guid StudentId { get; set; }
        public string Value { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<Grade> GetData()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                yield return new Grade
                                 {
                                     StudentId = GuidHelper.ListOfIds[i], Value = "Value " + i
                                 };
            }
        }
    }

    public class Student
    {
        public Guid Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Grade { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<Student> GetStudents()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                yield return new Student
                                 {
                                     Id = GuidHelper.ListOfIds[i],
                                     Name = "Name " + i
                                 };
            }
        }
    }

    public class GuidHelper
    {
        public static List<Guid> ListOfIds=new List<Guid>();

        static GuidHelper()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                ListOfIds.Add(Guid.NewGuid());
            }
        }
    }

    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
            List<Grade> grades = Grade.GetData().ToList();
            List<Student> students = Student.GetStudents().ToList();

            stopwatch.Start();
            foreach (Student student in students)
            {
                student.Grade = grades.Single(x => x.StudentId == student.Id).Value;
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Using list {0}", stopwatch.Elapsed);
            stopwatch.Reset();
            students = Student.GetStudents().ToList();
            stopwatch.Start();
            Dictionary<Guid, string> dictionary = Grade.GetData().ToDictionary(x => x.StudentId, x => x.Value);

            foreach (Student student in students)
            {
                student.Grade = dictionary[student.Id];
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("Using dictionary {0}", stopwatch.Elapsed);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

   student.Grade = grades.Single(x => x.StudentId == student.Id).Value;

         student.Grade = dictionary[student.Id];

create trigger Prevent_AlterDrop
on database
for drop_table, alter_table
as
  print 'table can not be dropped or altered'
  rollback transaction

  CREATE TABLE ddl_log 
  (
     EventType nvarchar(100), 
 PostTime datetime,
 SPID nvarchar(100),
 ServerName nvarchar(100),
 LoginName nvarchar(100),
 UserName  nvarchar(100),
 DatabaseName  nvarchar(100),
 ObjectName  nvarchar(100),
 ObjectType  nvarchar(100),
 DefaultSchema nvarchar(100),
 [SID]  nvarchar(100),
 TSQLCommand nvarchar(2000));

CREATE TRIGGER [Log] ON DATABASE
 FOR DDL_DATABASE_LEVEL_EVENTS
 AS
 DECLARE @data XML
 SET @data = EVENTDATA()
 INSERT INTO ddl_log
 VALUES (
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/EventType)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/PostTime)[1]',   'datetime'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/SPID)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ServerName)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/LoginName)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/UserName)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/DatabaseName)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ObjectName)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ObjectType)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/DefaultSchema)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/SID)[1]',   'nvarchar(100)'),
   @data.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TSQLCommand)[1]',   'nvarchar(2000)'));

Server Level

DDL_SERVER_LEVEL_EVENTS

 DDL_LINKED_SERVER_EVENTS

 DDL_LINKED_SERVER_LOGIN_EVENTS

 DDL_REMOTE_SERVER_EVENTS

 DDL_EXTENDED_PROCEDURE_EVENTS

 DDL_MESSAGE_EVENTS

 DDL_ENDPOINT_EVENTS

 DDL_SERVER_SECURITY_EVENTS

 DDL_LOGIN_EVENTS

 DDL_GDR_SERVER_EVENTS

 DDL_AUTHORIZATION_SERVER_EVENT Database Level

Database Level

DDL_TABLE_VIEW_EVENTS

DDL_TABLE-EVENTS

DDL_VIEW_EVENTS

DDL_INDEX_EVENTS

DDL_STATISTICS_EVENTS

DDL_DATABASE_SECURITY_EVENTS

DDL_CERTIFICATE_EVENTS

DDL_USER_EVENTS

DDL_ROLE_EVENTS

DDL_APPLICATION_ROLE_EVENTS

DDL_SCHEMA_EVENTS

DDL_GDR_DATABASE_EVENTS

DDL_AUTHORIZATION_DATABASE_EVENTS

DDL_FUNCTION_EVENTS

DDL_PROCEDUER_EVENTS

DDL_TRIGGER_EVENTS

DDL_PARTITION_EVENTS

DDL_PARTITION_FUNCTION_EVENTS

DDL_PARTITION_SCHEME_EVENTS

DDL_SSB_EVENTS

DDL_MESSAGE_TYPE_EVENTS

DDL_CONTRACT_EVENTS

DDL_QUEUE_EVENTS

DDL_SERVER_EVENTS

DDL_ROUTE_EVENTS

DDL_REMOTE_SERVICE_BINDING_EVENTS

DDL_XML_SCHEMA_COLEECTION_EVENTS

DDL_FULLTEXT_CATALOG_EVENTS

DDL_DEFAULT_EVENTS

DDL_EXTENDED_PROPERTY_EVENTS

DDL_PLAN_GUIDE_EVENTS

DDL_RULE_EVENTS

DDL_SYNONYM_EVENTS

DDL_EVENT_NOTIFICATION_EVENTS

DDL_ASSEMBLY_EVENTS

DDL_TYPE_EVENTS