/// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    public static class FullTextPrefixes
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public const string ContainsPrefix = "-CONTAINS-";

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public const string FreetextPrefix = "-FREETEXT-";

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="searchTerm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Contains(string searchTerm)
        {
            return string.Format("({0}{1})", ContainsPrefix, searchTerm);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="searchTerm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Freetext(string searchTerm)
        {
            return string.Format("({0}{1})", FreetextPrefix, searchTerm);
        }

    }

public static class FullTextSearchExtensions
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="source"></param>
        /// <param name="expression"></param>
        /// <param name="searchTerm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IQueryable<TEntity> FreeTextSearch<TEntity>(this IQueryable<TEntity> source, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression, string searchTerm) where TEntity : class
        {
            return FreeTextSearchImp(source, expression, FullTextPrefixes.Freetext(searchTerm));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="source"></param>
        /// <param name="expression"></param>
        /// <param name="searchTerm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IQueryable<TEntity> ContainsSearch<TEntity>(this IQueryable<TEntity> source, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression, string searchTerm) where TEntity : class
        {
            return FreeTextSearchImp(source, expression, FullTextPrefixes.Contains(searchTerm));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TEntity"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="source"></param>
        /// <param name="expression"></param>
        /// <param name="searchTerm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static IQueryable<TEntity> FreeTextSearchImp<TEntity>(this IQueryable<TEntity> source, Expression<Func<TEntity, object>> expression, string searchTerm)
        {
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(searchTerm))
            {
                return source;
            }

            // The below represents the following lamda:
            // source.Where(x => x.[property].Contains(searchTerm))

            //Create expression to represent x.[property].Contains(searchTerm)
            //var searchTermExpression = Expression.Constant(searchTerm);
            var searchTermExpression = Expression.Property(Expression.Constant(new { Value = searchTerm }), "Value");
            var checkContainsExpression = Expression.Call(expression.Body, typeof(string).GetMethod("Contains"), searchTermExpression);

            //Join not null and contains expressions

            var methodCallExpression = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable),
                                                       "Where",
                                                       new[] { source.ElementType },
                                                       source.Expression,
                                                       Expression.Lambda<Func<TEntity, bool>>(checkContainsExpression, expression.Parameters));

            return source.Provider.CreateQuery<TEntity>(methodCallExpression);
        }

 public class FtsInterceptor : IDbCommandInterceptor
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void NonQueryExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<int> interceptionContext)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void NonQueryExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<int> interceptionContext)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void ReaderExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext)
        {
            RewriteFullTextQuery(command);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void ReaderExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<DbDataReader> interceptionContext)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void ScalarExecuting(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext)
        {
            RewriteFullTextQuery(command);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command"></param>
        /// <param name="interceptionContext"></param>
        public void ScalarExecuted(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext<object> interceptionContext)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd"></param>
        public static void RewriteFullTextQuery(DbCommand cmd)
        {
            var text = cmd.CommandText;
            for (var i = 0; i < cmd.Parameters.Count; i++)
            {
                var parameter = cmd.Parameters[i];
                if (
                    !parameter.DbType.In(DbType.String, DbType.AnsiString, DbType.StringFixedLength,
                        DbType.AnsiStringFixedLength)) continue;
                if (parameter.Value == DBNull.Value)
                    continue;
                var value = (string)parameter.Value;
                if (value.IndexOf(FullTextPrefixes.ContainsPrefix, StringComparison.Ordinal) >= 0)
                {
                    parameter.Size = 4096;
                    parameter.DbType = DbType.AnsiStringFixedLength;
                    value = value.Replace(FullTextPrefixes.ContainsPrefix, ""); // remove prefix we added n linq query
                    value = value.Substring(1, value.Length - 2); // remove %% escaping by linq translator from string.Contains to sql LIKE
                    parameter.Value = value;
                    cmd.CommandText = Regex.Replace(text,
                        string.Format(
                            @"\[(\w*)\].\[(\w*)\]\s*LIKE\s*@{0}\s?(?:ESCAPE N?'~')", parameter.ParameterName),
                        string.Format(@"CONTAINS([$1].[$2], @{0})", parameter.ParameterName));
                    if (text == cmd.CommandText)
                        throw new Exception("FTS was not replaced on: " + text);
                    text = cmd.CommandText;
                }
                else if (value.IndexOf(FullTextPrefixes.FreetextPrefix, StringComparison.Ordinal) >= 0)
                {
                    parameter.Size = 4096;
                    parameter.DbType = DbType.AnsiStringFixedLength;
                    value = value.Replace(FullTextPrefixes.FreetextPrefix, ""); // remove prefix we added n linq query
                    value = value.Substring(1, value.Length - 2); // remove %% escaping by linq translator from string.Contains to sql LIKE
                    parameter.Value = value;
                    cmd.CommandText = Regex.Replace(text,
                        string.Format(
                            @"\[(\w*)\].\[(\w*)\]\s*LIKE\s*@{0}\s?(?:ESCAPE N?'~')", parameter.ParameterName),
                        string.Format(@"FREETEXT([$1].[$2], @{0})", parameter.ParameterName));
                    if (text == cmd.CommandText)
                        throw new Exception("FTS was not replaced on: " + text);
                    text = cmd.CommandText;
                }
            }
        }

    }

public class Note
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int Id { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public string NoteText { get; set; }
    }

  public class FtsSampleContext : DbContext
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public DbSet<Note> Notes { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="modelBuilder"></param>
        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new NoteMap());
        }
    }

/// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="args"></param>
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            DbInterception.Add(new FtsInterceptor());
            const string searchTerm = "john";
            using (var db = new FtsSampleContext())
            {
                var result1 = db.Notes.FreeTextSearch(a => a.NoteText, searchTerm).ToList();
                //SQL Server Profiler result ===>>>
                //exec sp_executesql N'SELECT 
                //    [Extent1].[Id] AS [Id], 
                //    [Extent1].[NoteText] AS [NoteText]
                //    FROM [dbo].[Notes] AS [Extent1]
                //    WHERE FREETEXT([Extent1].[NoteText], @p__linq__0)',N'@p__linq__0 
                //char(4096)',@p__linq__0='(john)'
                var result2 = db.Notes.ContainsSearch(a => a.NoteText, searchTerm).ToList();
                //SQL Server Profiler result ===>>>
                //exec sp_executesql N'SELECT 
                //    [Extent1].[Id] AS [Id], 
                //    [Extent1].[NoteText] AS [NoteText]
                //    FROM [dbo].[Notes] AS [Extent1]
                //    WHERE CONTAINS([Extent1].[NoteText], @p__linq__0)',N'@p__linq__0 
                //char(4096)',@p__linq__0='(john)'
            }
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }

 try {
     int i=0;
     string s = "hello";
     i = Convert.ToInt32(s);
} catch (Exception ex)
{
     Console.WriteLine("Error");
}
Console.WriteLine("I am here!");

  public static int GetMyInt()
 {
     try {
          for (int i=10;i>=0;i--)
             Console.WriteLine(10/i);
         return 1;
     } catch
     {
         Console.WriteLine("Error!");
     }
     finally {
         Console.WriteLine("ok");
     }
     Console.WriteLine("can you reach here?");  
     return -1;  
 }

public static int GetMyInt()
 {
     try {
          for (int i=10;i>=1;i--)
             Console.WriteLine(10/i);
         return 1;
     } catch
     {
         Console.WriteLine("Error!");
     }
     finally {
         Console.WriteLine("ok");
     }
     Console.WriteLine("can you reach here?");  
     return -1;  
 }

 Install-Package MvcAjaxPager

public class Topic
{
   public int Id;
   public string Title;
   public string Text;
}

public class TopicService
{
    public static IEnumerable<Topic> Topics = new List<Topic>() {
       new Topic{Id=1,Title="Title 1",Text= "Text 1"},
       new Topic{Id=2,Title="Title 2",Text="Text 2"},
       new Topic{Id=3,Title="Title 3",Text="Text 3"},
       new Topic{Id=4,Title="Title 4",Text="Text 4"},
       new Topic{Id=5,Title="Title 5",Text="Text 5"},
       new Topic{Id=6,Title="Title 6",Text="Text 6"},
       new Topic{Id=7,Title="Title 7",Text="Text 7"},
       new Topic{Id=8,Title="Title 8",Text="Text 8"},
       new Topic{Id=9,Title="Title 9",Text="Text 9"},
       new Topic{Id=10,Title="Title 10",Text="Text 10"},
       new Topic{Id=11,Title="Title 11",Text="Text 11"},
       new Topic{Id=12,Title="Title 12",Text="Text 12"},
       new Topic{Id=13,Title="Title 13",Text="Text 13"},
       new Topic{Id=14,Title="Title 14",Text="Text 14"},
       new Topic{Id=15,Title="Title 15",Text="Text 15"},
       new Topic{Id=16,Title="Title 16",Text="Text 16"},
       new Topic{Id=17,Title="Title 17",Text="Text 17"},
       new Topic{Id=18,Title="Title 18",Text="Text 18"},
       new Topic{Id=19,Title="Title 19",Text="Text 19"},
       new Topic{Id=20,Title="Title 20",Text="Text 20"},
       new Topic{Id=21,Title="Title 21",Text="Text 21"},
       new Topic{Id=22,Title="Title 22",Text="Text 22"},
      };

    public static IEnumerable<Topic> GetAll()
    {
       return Topics.OrderBy(row => row.Id);
    }
}

public class ListViewModel
{
   public IEnumerable<Topic> Topics { get; set; }
   public int PageIndex { get; set; }
   public int TotalItemCount { get; set; }
}

public ActionResult Index(int page = 1)
{
       var topics = TopicService.GetAll ();
       int totalItemCount = topics.Count();
       var model = new ListViewModel()
       {
              PageIndex = page,
              Topics = topics.OrderBy(p => p.Id).Skip((page - 1) * 10).Take(10).ToList(),
              TotalItemCount = totalItemCount
       };

       if (!Request.IsAjaxRequest())
       {
              return View(model);
       }

       return PartialView("_TopicList", model);
}

@using MvcAjaxPager
@model ListViewModel

@Html.AjaxPager(Model.TotalItemCount, 10, Model.PageIndex, "Index", "Home", null, new PagerOptions
   {
       ShowDisabledPagerItems = true,
       AlwaysShowFirstLastPageNumber = true,
       HorizontalAlign = "center",
       ShowFirstLast = false,
       CssClass = "NavigationBox",
       AjaxUpdateTargetId = "dvTopics",
       AjaxOnBegin = "AjaxStart",
       AjaxOnComplete = "AjaxStop"
   }, null, null)

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("ID")
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("Title")
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayName("Text")
        </th>
    </tr>

    @foreach (var topic in Model.Topics)
    {
        <tr>
            <td>
                @topic.Id
        </td>
        <td>
            @topic.Title
        </td>
        <td>
            @topic.Text
        </td>
    </tr>
    }
</table>

@Html.AjaxPager(Model.TotalItemCount, 10, Model.PageIndex, "Index", "Home", null, new PagerOptions
   {
       ShowDisabledPagerItems = true,
       AlwaysShowFirstLastPageNumber = true,
       HorizontalAlign = "center",
       ShowFirstLast = true,
       FirstPageText = "اولین",
       LastPageText = "آخرین",
       MorePageText = "...",
       PrevPageText = "قبلی",
       NextPageText = "بعدی",
       CssClass = "NavigationBox",
       AjaxUpdateTargetId = "dvTopics",
       AjaxOnBegin = "AjaxStart",
       AjaxOnComplete = "AjaxStop"
   }, null, null)

@using MvcAjaxPager
@model ListViewModel
@{
    Layout = null;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="dvTopics">
        @{
            @Html.Partial("_TopicList", Model);
        }
    </div>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.2.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/path.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.pager-1.0.1.min.js")"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $('.NavigationBox').pager();

        //pagination before start
        function AjaxStart() {
            console.log('Start AJAX call. Loading message can be shown');
        }
        // pagination - after request
        function AjaxStop() {
            console.log('Stop AJAX call. Loading message can be hidden');
        };
    </script>
</body>
</html>

for name in ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"]
  alert "Hi #{name}"

var i, len, name, ref;

ref = ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"];
for (i = 0, len = ref.length; i < len; i++) {
  name = ref[i];
  alert("Hi " + name);
}

for name, i in ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"]
  alert "#{i} - Hi #{name}"

alert name for name in ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"]

names = ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"]
alert name for name in names when name[0] is "V"

var i, len, name, names;

names = ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid"];

for (i = 0, len = names.length; i < len; i++) {
  name = names[i];
  if (name[0] === "V") {
    alert(name);
  }
}

names = "Vahid": "Mohammad Taheri", "Ali": "Ahmadi"
alert("#{first} #{last}") for first, last of names

var first, last, names;

names = {
  "Vahid": "Mohammad Taheri",
  "Ali": "Ahmadi"
};

for (first in names) {
  last = names[first];
  alert(first + " " + last);
}

num = 6
minstrel = while num -= 1
  num + " Hi"

var minstrel, num;
num = 6;
minstrel = (function() {
  var _results;
  _results = [];
  while (num -= 1) {
    _results.push(num + " Hi");
  }
  return _results;
})();

range = [1..5]

var range;
range = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

firstTwo = ["one", "two", "three"][0..1]

var firstTwo;
firstTwo = ["one", "two", "three"].slice(0, 2);

numbers = [0..9]
numbers[3..5] = [-3, -4, -5]

my = "my string"[0..2]

words = ["Vahid", "Hamid", "Saeid", "Ali"]
alert "Stop" if "Hamid" in words

@name = "Vahid"

this.name = "Vahid";

User::first = -> @records[0]

User.prototype.first = function() {
  return this.records[0];
};

alert "OK" if name?

if (typeof name !== "undefined" && name !== null) {
  alert("OK");
}

name = myName ? "-"

var name;

name = typeof myName !== "undefined" && myName !== null ? myName : "-";

user.getAddress()?.getStreetName()

var ref;

if ((ref = user.getAddress()) != null) {
  ref.getStreetName();
}

user.getAddress().getStreetName?()

var base;

if (typeof (base = user.getAddress()).getStreetName === "function") {
  base.getStreetName();
}

public static class DummyWeatherProvider
{
    public static async Task<Weather> Get(string city)
    {
        await Task.Delay(10);
        var weather = new Weather 
        { 
            City = city, 
            Date = DateTime.Now, 
            AvgTempratureF = new Random().Next(5, 70) 
        };
        
        return weather;
    }
}

1. عدم پشتیبانی از Pagination: چون API، تمامی کاربران را به سمت کلاینت ارسال میکند؛ به همین جهت، هم با مشکل کارآیی (performance) در آینده مواجه میشویم و هم امکان گذاشتن صفحه بندی (Pagination) وجود نخواهد داشت. 
2. عدم پشتیبانی از Sorting: اگر در گرید نمایش داده شده کاربر بخواهد اطلاعات را Sort کند، چون چنین امکانی هنوز برای API ما تعریف نشده، این عملیات سمت سرور امکان پذیر نیست.
3. عدم پشتیبانی از Filtering: همیشه نمایش تمامی اطلاعات مفید نیست. در اکثر مواقع ما نیاز داریم تا قسمتی از اطلاعات را با شرطی خاص، برگردانیم. به طور مثال لیست کاربران فعال در سامانه یا لیست کاربران غیرفعال. 

DECLARE @S VARCHAR(50)='I am a student I go to school ';
WITH CTE AS 
(
     SELECT 1 rnk,
            1 start,
            CHARINDEX(' ', @s) - 1 ed

     UNION ALL
 
     SELECT rnk + 1,
            ed + 2,
            CHARINDEX(' ', @s, ed + 2) - 1
       FROM CTE
      WHERE CHARINDEX(' ', @s, ed + 2) > 0
)
SELECT rnk, SUBSTRING(@s, start, ed - start + 1) AS word
FROM CTE
  
/* Result
rnk         word
----------- -------
1           I
2           am
3           a
4           student
5           I
6           go
7           to
8           school
*/

DECLARE @a VARCHAR(50)='I am a student I go to school ';
 
WITH MyWords(ranking, word, string) AS(
 
    SELECT 1,
           CAST(SUBSTRING(@a, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @a) - 1) AS VARCHAR(25)),
           STUFF(@a, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @a), '')
  
    UNION ALL
  
    SELECT ranking + 1,
           CAST(SUBSTRING(string, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', string) - 1) AS VARCHAR(25)),
           STUFF(string, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', string), '')
      FROM MyWords
     WHERE CHARINDEX(' ', string) > 0
)
SELECT ranking, word FROM MyWords;

ranking     word
----------- -------------------------
1           I
2           am
3           a
4           student
5           I
6           go
7           to
8           school

using(NewsEntities context = new NewsEntities())
            {
                try
                {
                    List<Category> catlist = new List<Category>();
                    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
                    {
                        Category cat = new Category { CategoryName = "cat" + i.ToString() };
                        catlist.Add(cat);
                    }
                    context.BulkInsert(catlist);
                    context.SaveChanges();
                    MessageBox.Show("Added");
                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(Error.ShowError(ex));
                }
            }