private static string toPersianNumbersUsingReplace(string data)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;
    return
      data
        .Replace("0", "\u06F0")
        .Replace("1", "\u06F1")
        .Replace("2", "\u06F2")
        .Replace("3", "\u06F3")
        .Replace("4", "\u06F4")
        .Replace("5", "\u06F5")
        .Replace("6", "\u06F6")
        .Replace("7", "\u06F7")
        .Replace("8", "\u06F8")
        .Replace("9", "\u06F9");
}

        private static string toPersianNumbersUsingReplace(string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;
            return
                toEnglishNumbers(data)
                .Replace("0", "\u06F0")
                .Replace("1", "\u06F1")
                .Replace("2", "\u06F2")
                .Replace("3", "\u06F3")
                .Replace("4", "\u06F4")
                .Replace("5", "\u06F5")
                .Replace("6", "\u06F6")
                .Replace("7", "\u06F7")
                .Replace("8", "\u06F8")
                .Replace("9", "\u06F9");
        }

        private static string toEnglishNumbers(string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;
            return
               data.Replace("\u0660", "0") //٠
                   .Replace("\u06F0", "0") //۰
                   .Replace("\u0661", "1") //١
                   .Replace("\u06F1", "1") //۱
                   .Replace("\u0662", "2") //٢
                   .Replace("\u06F2", "2") //۲
                   .Replace("\u0663", "3") //٣
                   .Replace("\u06F3", "3") //۳
                   .Replace("\u0664", "4") //٤
                   .Replace("\u06F4", "4") //۴
                   .Replace("\u0665", "5") //٥
                   .Replace("\u06F5", "5") //۵
                   .Replace("\u0666", "6") //٦
                   .Replace("\u06F6", "6") //۶
                   .Replace("\u0667", "7") //٧
                   .Replace("\u06F7", "7") //۷
                   .Replace("\u0668", "8") //٨
                   .Replace("\u06F8", "8") //۸
                   .Replace("\u0669", "9") //٩
                   .Replace("\u06F9", "9"); //۹
        }

  .Replace("\u0669", "9") //٩

  .Replace('\u0669', '9') //٩

        private static string toPersianNumbersUsingStringBuilder(string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;

            var strBuilder = new StringBuilder(data);
            for (var i = 0; i < strBuilder.Length; i++)
            {
                switch (strBuilder[i])
                {
                    case '0':
                    case '\u0660':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F0';
                        break;

                    case '1':
                    case '\u0661':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F1';
                        break;

                    case '2':
                    case '\u0662':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F2';
                        break;

                    case '3':
                    case '\u0663':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F3';
                        break;

                    case '4':
                    case '\u0664':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F4';
                        break;

                    case '5':
                    case '\u0665':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F5';
                        break;

                    case '6':
                    case '\u0666':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F6';
                        break;

                    case '7':
                    case '\u0667':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F7';
                        break;

                    case '8':
                    case '\u0668':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F8';
                        break;

                    case '9':
                    case '\u0669':
                        strBuilder[i] = '\u06F9';
                        break;

                    default:
                        strBuilder[i] = strBuilder[i];
                        break;
                }
            }

            return strBuilder.ToString();
        }

        private static string toPersianNumbersUsingToCharArray(string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;

            var letters = data.ToCharArray();
            for (var i = 0; i < letters.Length; i++)
            {
                switch (letters[i])
                {
                    case '0':
                    case '\u0660':
                        letters[i] = '\u06F0';
                        break;

                    // مانند قبل

                }
            }

            return new string(letters);
        }

        private static string toPersianNumbersUsingStringCreate(string data)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(data)) return string.Empty;

            return string.Create(data.Length, data, (chars, context) =>
            {
                for (var i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
                {
                    switch (context[i])
                    {
                        case '0':
                        case '\u0660':
                            chars[i] = '\u06F0';
                            break;

                    // مانند قبل

                    }
                }
            });
        }

public static string Create<TState> (int length, TState state, System.Buffers.SpanAction<char,TState> action);

 return string.Create(data.Length, data, (chars, context) => {});

 var chArray = nationalCode.ToCharArray();
var num0 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[0].ToString())*10;
var num2 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[1].ToString())*9;
var num3 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[2].ToString())*8;
var num4 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[3].ToString())*7;
var num5 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[4].ToString())*6;
var num6 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[5].ToString())*5;
var num7 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[6].ToString())*4;
var num8 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[7].ToString())*3;
var num9 = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[8].ToString())*2;
var a = Convert.ToInt32(chArray[9].ToString());

var b = (((((((num0 + num2) + num3) + num4) + num5) + num6) + num7) + num8) + num9;
var c = b%11;

return (((c < 2) && (a == c)) || ((c >= 2) && ((11 - c) == a)));

int result = 0, controlNr = (int)(input[9] - 48);
for (int i = 0; i < input.Length - 1; i++)
    result += (input[i] - 48) * (10 - i);

int remainder = result % 11;
bool isValid = controlNr == (remainder < 2 ? remainder : 11 - remainder);

namespace NET7Reflection;

public class Person
{
    private int _age;

    internal Person(int age) => _age = age;

    private int GetAge() => _age;

    private void SetAge(int age) => _age = age;
}

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="BenchmarkDotNet" Version="0.13.4" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

using System.Reflection;
using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes;

namespace NET7Reflection;

[MemoryDiagnoser(false)]
public class Benchmarks
{
    private readonly object?[] _ageParams = { 30 };

    private readonly ConstructorInfo _ctor =
        typeof(Person).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, new[] { typeof(int) })!;

    private readonly MethodInfo _getAgeMethod =
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("GetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!;

    private readonly Person _person = new(10);

    private readonly MethodInfo _setAgeMethod =
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("SetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!;

    [Benchmark]
    public int GetAge() =>
        (int)typeof(Person).GetMethod("GetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!
                           .Invoke(_person, Array.Empty<object?>())!;

    [Benchmark]
    public int GetAgeCachedMethod() => (int)_getAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, Array.Empty<object?>())!;

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAge() =>
        typeof(Person).GetMethod("SetAge", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance)!
                      .Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 });

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAgeCachedMethod() => _setAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 });

    [Benchmark]
    public void SetAgeCachedMethodCachedParams() => _setAgeMethod.Invoke(_person, _ageParams);

    [Benchmark]
    public Person Ctor() =>
        (Person)typeof(Person).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, new[] { typeof(int) })!
                              .Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 })!;

    [Benchmark]
    public Person CtorCachedCtorInfo() => (Person)_ctor.Invoke(_person, new object?[] { 30 })!;

    [Benchmark]
    public Person CtorCachedCtorInfoCachedParams() => (Person)_ctor.Invoke(_person, _ageParams)!;
}

using BenchmarkDotNet.Running;
using NET7Reflection;

BenchmarkRunner.Run<Benchmarks>();

دانلود کدهای این مقاله 

private Tuple<string, string, int> GetPersonInfo()
{
     return new Tuple<string, string, int>("Steve", "Jobs", 56);
}

private IEnumerable<int> GetNumbers()
{
   var result = new List<int>();

   for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
      result.Add(i);

   return result;
}

private IEnumerable<int> GetNumbers()
{
   for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
   {
        yield return i;
   }
}

public interface ICar
{
   string GetName();
   string GetManufacturerCompany();
}

private class GenricClass<T> where T : ICar
{
}

public class Audi : ICar
{
   public string GetName()
   {
      throw new NotImplementedException();
   }

   public string GetManufacturerCompany()
   {
      throw new NotImplementedException();
   }
}

private static void Main(string[] args)
{
   var invalidTest = new GenricClass<int>();
   var validTest = new GenricClass<Audi>();
}

function testScope() {
var myTest = true;
if (true) {
var myTest = "I am changed!"
}
alert(myTest);
}
testScope(); // will alert "I am changed!"

function testScope() {
var myTest = true;
if (true) {
var myTest = "I am changed!"
}
alert(myTest);
}
testScope(); // will alert "I am changed!"
alert(myTest); // will throw a reference error, because it doesn't exist outside of the function

myFunction.apply(thisContext, arrArgs);
myFunction.call(thisContext, arg1, arg2, arg3, ..., argN);

var contextObject = {
testContext: 10
}
var otherContextObject = {
testContext: "Hello World!"
}
var testContext = 15; // Global variable
function testFunction() {
alert(this.testContext);
}
testFunction(); // This will alert 15
testFunction.call(contextObject); // Will alert 10
testFunction.apply(otherContextObject); // Will alert "Hello World”

 var query = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(number => number);
var observableQuery = query.ToObservable();
var observer = Observer.Create<int>(onNext: number => Console.WriteLine(number));
observableQuery.Subscribe(observer);

 var observableValue1 = Observable.Return("Value");
var observableValue2 = Observable.Return(2);

        public static IObservable<T> Return<T>(T value)
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnNext(value);
                o.OnCompleted();
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var observableValue1 = Observable.Return<string>("Value");
var observableValue2 = Observable.Return<int>(2);

 var emptyObservable = Observable.Empty<string>();

        public static IObservable<T> Empty<T>()
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnCompleted();
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var neverObservable = Observable.Never<string>();

        public static IObservable<T> Never<T>()
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var throwObservable = Observable.Throw<string>(new Exception());

        public static IObservable<T> Throws<T>(Exception exception)
        {
            return Observable.Create<T>(o =>
            {
                o.OnError(exception);
                return Disposable.Empty;
            });
        }

 var range = Observable.Range(10, 15);
range.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("Completed"));

        public static IObservable<int> Range(int start, int count)
        {
            var max = start + count;
            return Observable.Generate(
                initialState: start,
                condition: value => value < max,
                iterate: value => value + 1,
                resultSelector: value => value);
        }

 var interval = Observable.Interval(period: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(250));
interval.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

 var timer = Observable.Timer(dueTime: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1));
 timer.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

        static void StartAction()
        {
            var start = Observable.Start(() =>
            {
                Console.Write("Observable.Start");
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    Console.Write(".");
                }
            });
            start.Subscribe(
               onNext: unit => Console.WriteLine("published"),
               onCompleted: () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));
        }

        static void StartFunc()
        {
            var start = Observable.Start(() =>
            {
                Console.Write("Observable.Start");
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                    Console.Write(".");
                }
                return "value";
            });
            start.Subscribe(
               onNext: Console.WriteLine,
               onCompleted: () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));
        }

 var items = new System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string>
  {
          "Item1", "Item2", "Item3"
  };

            items.CollectionChanged += (sender, ea) =>
            {
                if (ea.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove)
                {
                    foreach (var oldItem in ea.OldItems.Cast<string>())
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Removed {0}", oldItem);
                    }
                }
            };

            var removals =
                Observable.FromEventPattern<NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs>
                (
                    addHandler: handler => items.CollectionChanged += handler,
                    removeHandler: handler => items.CollectionChanged -= handler
                )
                .Where(e => e.EventArgs.Action == NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove)
                .SelectMany(c => c.EventArgs.OldItems.Cast<string>());

            var disposable = removals.Subscribe(onNext: item => Console.WriteLine("Removed {0}", item));

 items.Remove("Item1");

 var task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => "Test");
var source = task.ToObservable();
source.Subscribe(Console.WriteLine, () => Console.WriteLine("completed"));

 PM> Install-Package Rxx

 using (new FileStream("file.txt", FileMode.Open)
                 .ReadToEndObservable()
                 .Subscribe(x => Console.WriteLine(x.Length)))
{
         Console.ReadKey();
}

var result = 
    from product in dbContext.Products
    where product.Category.Name == "Toys"
    where product.Price >= 2.50
    select product.Name;

• Fluent Syntax : 

var result = dbContext.Products
    .Where(p => p.Category.Name == "Toys" && p.Price >= 250)
    .Select(p => p.Name);

    public class Student
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Field1 { get; set; }
        public string Field2 { get; set; }
        public string Field3 { get; set; }


        public static IEnumerable<Student> GetStudentSource()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                yield return new Student
                                 {
                                     Id = i,
                                     Name = "Name " + i,
                                     Field1 = "Field1 " + i,
                                     Field2 = "Field2 " + i,
                                     Field3 = "Field3 " + i
                                 };
            }
        }
    }

    public class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            System.Console.WriteLine("Specify the desired fields : ");
            string fields = System.Console.ReadLine();
            IEnumerable<Student> students = Student.GetStudentSource();
            IQueryable output = students.AsQueryable().Select(string.Format("new({0})", fields));
            foreach (object item in output)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
          
            System.Console.ReadKey();
        }
  
    }

    public  class SelectBuilder <T>
    {
        public static Func<T, T> CreateNewStatement(string fields)
        {
            // input parameter "o"
            var xParameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");


            // new statement "new T()"
            var xNew = Expression.New(typeof(T));

            // create initializers
            var bindings = fields.Split(',').Select(o => o.Trim())
                .Select(o =>
                {

                    // property "Field1"
                    var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(o);

                    // original value "o.Field1"
                    var xOriginal = Expression.Property(xParameter, property);

                    // set value "Field1 = o.Field1"
                    return Expression.Bind(property, xOriginal);
                }
            ).ToList();

            // initialization "new T { Field1 = o.Field1, Field2 = o.Field2 }"
            var xInit = Expression.MemberInit(xNew, bindings);

            // expression "o => new T { Field1 = o.Field1, Field2 = o.Field2 }"
            var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, T>>(xInit, xParameter);

            // compile to Func<T, T>
            return lambda.Compile();
        }
    }

       IEnumerable<Student> result = students.Select(SelectBuilder<Student>.CreateNewStatement("Field1, Field2")).ToList();

            foreach (Student student in result)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(student.Field1);
            }

ابتدا فیلد‌های انتخابی کاربر که با "," جدا شده اند به ورودی پاس داده می‌شود سپس یک statement  خالی ایجاد می‌شود : 

o=>new Student()

در صورتیکه مقداری را به عنوان پیش فرض، به پارامتر این متد ارسال نکنید، مقدار پیش فرض آن از نوع استفاده شده بدست می‌آید.

شما می‌توانید برای دیکشنری نیز یک متد Get امن ایجاد کنید (در صورت عدم وجود کلید، بجای پرتاب استثناء، مقدار پیش فرض بازگشت داده شود).

public static class DictionaryExtensions
{
    public static TValue GetValueOrDefault< TKey, TValue >( this Dictionary< TKey, TValue > dic,
                                                            TKey key )
    {
        TValue result;
        return dic.TryGetValue( key,
                                out result )
            ? result
            : default(TValue);
    }
}

و روش استفاده

var names = new Dictionary< int, string >
            {
                { 0, "Vahid" }
            };
Console.WriteLine( names.GetValueOrDefault( 1 ) );

ZipFile in .NET

var startPath = Path.Combine( Environment.GetFolderPath( Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop ), "Start" );
var resultPath = Path.Combine( Environment.GetFolderPath( Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop ), "Result" );
var extractPath = Path.Combine( Environment.GetFolderPath( Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop ), "Extract" );
Directory.CreateDirectory( startPath );
Directory.CreateDirectory( resultPath );
Directory.CreateDirectory( extractPath );

var zipPath = Path.Combine( resultPath, Guid.NewGuid() + ".zip" );
ZipFile.CreateFromDirectory( startPath, zipPath );
ZipFile.ExtractToDirectory( zipPath, extractPath );

#if DEBUG
#warning DEBUG is defined
#endif

#if DEBUG
#error DEBUG is defined
#endif

    Console.WriteLine("Normal line #1."); // Set break point here.
#line hidden
    Console.WriteLine("Hidden line.");
#line default
    Console.WriteLine("Normal line #2.");

static unsafe void Fibonacci()
{
    const int arraySize = 20;
    int* fib = stackalloc int[arraySize];
    var p = fib;
    *p++ = *p++ = 1;

    for ( var i = 2; i < arraySize; ++i, ++p )
    {
        *p = p[-1] + p[-2];
    }

    for ( var i = 0; i < arraySize; ++i )
    {
        System.Console.WriteLine( fib[i] );
    }
}