public enum SunEvent
{
    /// <summary>
    /// march equinox
    /// </summary>
    VernalEquinox,
 
    /// <summary>
    /// june solstice
    /// </summary>
    SummerSolstice,
 
    /// <summary>
    /// september equinox
    /// </summary>
    AutumnalEquinox,
 
    /// <summary>
    /// december solstice
    /// </summary>
    WinterSolstice
}

/// <summary>
/// Based on Jean Meeus book _Astronomical Algorithms_
/// </summary>
public static class EquinoxCalculator
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Degrees to Radians conversion factor.
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly double Deg2Radian = Math.PI / 180.0;
 
    public static bool ApproxEquals(double d1, double d2)
    {
        const double epsilon = 2.2204460492503131E-16;
        if (d1 == d2)
            return true;
        var tolerance = ((Math.Abs(d1) + Math.Abs(d2)) + 10.0) * epsilon;
        var difference = d1 - d2;
        return (-tolerance < difference && tolerance > difference);
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// Calculates time of the Equinox and Solstice.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="year">Year to calculate for.</param>
    /// <param name="sunEvent">Event to calculate.</param>
    /// <returns>Date and time event occurs as a fractional Julian Day.</returns>
    public static DateTime GetSunEventUtc(this int year, SunEvent sunEvent)
    {
        double y;
        double julianEphemerisDay;
 
        if (year >= 1000)
        {
            y = (Math.Floor((double)year) - 2000) / 1000;
 
            switch (sunEvent)
            {
                case SunEvent.VernalEquinox:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 2451623.80984 + 365242.37404 * y + 0.05169 * (y * y) - 0.00411 * (y * y * y) - 0.00057 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.SummerSolstice:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 2451716.56767 + 365241.62603 * y + 0.00325 * (y * y) - 0.00888 * (y * y * y) - 0.00030 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.AutumnalEquinox:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 2451810.21715 + 365242.01767 * y + 0.11575 * (y * y) - 0.00337 * (y * y * y) - 0.00078 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.WinterSolstice:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 2451900.05952 + 365242.74049 * y + 0.06223 * (y * y) - 0.00823 * (y * y * y) - 0.00032 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new NotSupportedException();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            y = Math.Floor((double)year) / 1000;
 
            switch (sunEvent)
            {
                case SunEvent.VernalEquinox:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 1721139.29189 + 365242.13740 * y + 0.06134 * (y * y) - 0.00111 * (y * y * y) - 0.00071 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.SummerSolstice:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 1721233.25401 + 365241.72562 * y + 0.05323 * (y * y) - 0.00907 * (y * y * y) - 0.00025 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.AutumnalEquinox:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 1721325.70455 + 365242.49558 * y + 0.11677 * (y * y) - 0.00297 * (y * y * y) - 0.00074 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                case SunEvent.WinterSolstice:
                    julianEphemerisDay = 1721414.39987 + 365242.88257 * y + 0.00769 * (y * y) - 0.00933 * (y * y * y) - 0.00006 * (y * y * y * y);
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new NotSupportedException();
            }
        }
 
        var julianCenturies = (julianEphemerisDay - 2451545.0) / 36525;
 
        var w = 35999.373 * julianCenturies - 2.47;
 
        var lambda = 1 + 0.0334 * Math.Cos(w * Deg2Radian) + 0.0007 * Math.Cos(2 * w * Deg2Radian);
 
        var sumOfPeriodicTerms = getSumOfPeriodicTerms(julianCenturies);
 
        return JulianToUtcDate(julianEphemerisDay + (0.00001 * sumOfPeriodicTerms / lambda));
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// Converts a fractional Julian Day to a .NET DateTime.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="julianDay">Fractional Julian Day to convert.</param>
    /// <returns>Date and Time in .NET DateTime format.</returns>
    public static DateTime JulianToUtcDate(double julianDay)
    {
        double a;
        int month, year;
 
        var j = julianDay + 0.5;
        var z = Math.Floor(j);
        var f = j - z;
 
        if (z >= 2299161)
        {
            var alpha = Math.Floor((z - 1867216.25) / 36524.25);
            a = z + 1 + alpha - Math.Floor(alpha / 4);
        }
        else
            a = z;
 
        var b = a + 1524;
 
        var c = Math.Floor((b - 122.1) / 365.25);
 
        var d = Math.Floor(365.25 * c);
 
        var e = Math.Floor((b - d) / 30.6001);
 
        var day = b - d - Math.Floor(30.6001 * e) + f;
 
        if (e < 14)
            month = (int)(e - 1.0);
        else if (ApproxEquals(e, 14) || ApproxEquals(e, 15))
            month = (int)(e - 13.0);
        else
            throw new NotSupportedException("Illegal month calculated.");
 
        if (month > 2)
            year = (int)(c - 4716.0);
        else if (month == 1 || month == 2)
            year = (int)(c - 4715.0);
        else
            throw new NotSupportedException("Illegal year calculated.");
 
        var span = TimeSpan.FromDays(day);
 
        return new DateTime(year, month, (int)day, span.Hours, span.Minutes,
            span.Seconds, span.Milliseconds, new GregorianCalendar(), DateTimeKind.Utc);
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// These values are from Table 27.C
    /// </summary>
    private static double getSumOfPeriodicTerms(double julianCenturies)
    {
        return 485 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 324.96 + Deg2Radian * (1934.136 * julianCenturies))
               + 203 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 337.23 + Deg2Radian * (32964.467 * julianCenturies))
               + 199 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 342.08 + Deg2Radian * (20.186 * julianCenturies))
               + 182 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 27.85 + Deg2Radian * (445267.112 * julianCenturies))
               + 156 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 73.14 + Deg2Radian * (45036.886 * julianCenturies))
               + 136 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 171.52 + Deg2Radian * (22518.443 * julianCenturies))
               + 77 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 222.54 + Deg2Radian * (65928.934 * julianCenturies))
               + 74 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 296.72 + Deg2Radian * (3034.906 * julianCenturies))
               + 70 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 243.58 + Deg2Radian * (9037.513 * julianCenturies))
               + 58 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 119.81 + Deg2Radian * (33718.147 * julianCenturies))
               + 52 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 297.17 + Deg2Radian * (150.678 * julianCenturies))
               + 50 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 21.02 + Deg2Radian * (2281.226 * julianCenturies))
               + 45 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 247.54 + Deg2Radian * (29929.562 * julianCenturies))
               + 44 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 325.15 + Deg2Radian * (31555.956 * julianCenturies))
               + 29 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 60.93 + Deg2Radian * (4443.417 * julianCenturies))
               + 28 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 155.12 + Deg2Radian * (67555.328 * julianCenturies))
               + 17 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 288.79 + Deg2Radian * (4562.452 * julianCenturies))
               + 16 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 198.04 + Deg2Radian * (62894.029 * julianCenturies))
               + 14 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 199.76 + Deg2Radian * (31436.921 * julianCenturies))
               + 12 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 95.39 + Deg2Radian * (14577.848 * julianCenturies))
               + 12 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 287.11 + Deg2Radian * (31931.756 * julianCenturies))
               + 12 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 320.81 + Deg2Radian * (34777.259 * julianCenturies))
               + 9 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 227.73 + Deg2Radian * (1222.114 * julianCenturies))
               + 8 * Math.Cos(Deg2Radian * 15.45 + Deg2Radian * (16859.074 * julianCenturies));
    }
}

2014 -> 1392/12/29 20:28:08
2015 -> 1394/01/01 02:16:29
2016 -> 1395/01/01 08:01:21
2017 -> 1395/12/30 14:00:00
2018 -> 1396/12/29 19:46:10
2019 -> 1398/01/01 01:29:29
2020 -> 1399/01/01 07:21:03
2021 -> 1399/12/30 13:08:41
2022 -> 1400/12/29 19:04:37

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace SecurityModule
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public sealed class AllowUploadSafeFilesAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        static readonly IList<string> ExtToFilter = new List<string> { 
            ".aspx", ".asax", ".asp", ".ashx", ".asmx", ".axd", ".master", ".svc", ".php" ,        
            ".php3" , ".php4", ".ph3", ".ph4", ".php4", ".ph5", ".sphp", ".cfm", ".ps", ".stm",
            ".htaccess", ".htpasswd", ".php5", ".phtml", ".cgi", ".pl", ".plx", ".py", ".rb", ".sh", ".jsp",
            ".cshtml", ".vbhtml", ".swf" , ".xap", ".asptxt"
        };

        static readonly IList<string> NameToFilter = new List<string> { 
           "web.config" , "htaccess" , "htpasswd", "web~1.con"
        };

        static bool canUpload(string fileName)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(fileName))
                return false;

            fileName = fileName.ToLowerInvariant();
            var name = Path.GetFileName(fileName);
            var ext = Path.GetExtension(fileName);

            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
                throw new InvalidOperationException("Uploaded file should have a name.");

            return !ExtToFilter.Contains(ext) &&
                   !NameToFilter.Contains(name) &&
                   !NameToFilter.Contains(ext) &&
                   //for "file.asp;.jpg" files
                   ExtToFilter.All(item => !name.Contains(item));
        }

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            var files = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Files;
            foreach (string file in files)
            {
                var postedFile = files[file];
                if (postedFile == null || postedFile.ContentLength == 0) continue;

                if (!canUpload(postedFile.FileName))
                    throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("You are not allowed to upload {0} file.", Path.GetFileName(postedFile.FileName)));
            }

            base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        }
    }
}

[AllowUploadSafeFiles]
public ActionResult UploadFile(HttpPostedFileBase file)

namespace CS72Tests
{
    public struct DataInfo
    {
        public double A;
    }

    public class RefReadonlyExamples
    {
        public DataInfo ReturnBiggestA(in DataInfo data1, in DataInfo data2)
        {
            return data1.A > data2.A ? data1 : data2;
        }

        public ref readonly DataInfo ReturnBiggestARefReadonly(in DataInfo data1, in DataInfo data2)
        {
            if (data1.A > data2.A)
            {
                return ref data1;
            }
            return ref data2;
        }

        public void TestingRefReadonly()
        {
            var data1 = new DataInfo { A = 0 };
            var data2 = new DataInfo { A = 100 };

            var biggest = ReturnBiggestA(data1, data2);
            biggest.A = 42;


            var biggest2 = ReturnBiggestARefReadonly(data1, data2);
            biggest2.A = 99;


            ref readonly var biggest3 = ref ReturnBiggestARefReadonly(data1, data2);
            biggest3.A = 99; // ERROR: The left-hand side of an assignment must be a variable, property or indexer
        }
    }
}

public static void Add(ref readonly int x, ref readonly int y, ref int z)
{
   z = x + y + z;
}

    [Flags]
public enum MiniDumpType
{
    MiniDumpNormal = 0x00000000,
    MiniDumpWithDataSegs = 0x00000001,
    MiniDumpWithFullMemory = 0x00000002,
    MiniDumpWithHandleData = 0x00000004,
    MiniDumpFilterMemory = 0x00000008,
    MiniDumpScanMemory = 0x00000010,
    MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules = 0x00000020,
    MiniDumpWithIndirectlyReferencedMemory = 0x00000040,
    MiniDumpFilterModulePaths = 0x00000080,
    MiniDumpWithProcessThreadData = 0x00000100,
    MiniDumpWithPrivateReadWriteMemory = 0x00000200,
    MiniDumpWithoutOptionalData = 0x00000400,
    MiniDumpWithFullMemoryInfo = 0x00000800,
    MiniDumpWithThreadInfo = 0x00001000,
    MiniDumpWithCodeSegs = 0x00002000,
    MiniDumpWithoutManagedState = 0x00004000
}

public static class NativeMethods
{
    [DllImport("Dbghelp.dll")]
    public static extern bool MiniDumpWriteDump(
        IntPtr hProcess,
        int processId,
        IntPtr hFile,
        MiniDumpType dumpType,
        IntPtr exceptionParam,
        IntPtr userStreamParam,
        IntPtr callbackParam);
}

public static class DebugInfo
{
    public static void CreateMiniDump(
        string dumpFileName, MiniDumpType dumpType = MiniDumpType.MiniDumpNormal)
    {
        using (var stream = File.Create(dumpFileName))
        {
            var process = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
            // It is safe to call DangerousGetHandle() here because the process is already crashing.
            NativeMethods.MiniDumpWriteDump(
                            process.Handle,
                            process.Id,
                            stream.SafeFileHandle.DangerousGetHandle(),
                            dumpType,
                            IntPtr.Zero,
                            IntPtr.Zero,
                            IntPtr.Zero);
        }
    }
 
    public static void CreateMiniDump(MiniDumpType dumpType = MiniDumpType.MiniDumpNormal)
    {
        const string dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-fffZ"; // Example: 2010-09-02-09-50-43-341Z
        var thisAssembly = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly() ?? Assembly.GetCallingAssembly();
        var dumpFileName = string.Format(@"{0}-MiniDump-{1}.dmp",
                    thisAssembly.GetName().Name,
                    DateTime.UtcNow.ToString(dateFormat, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
 
        var path = Path.Combine(getApplicationPath(), dumpFileName);
        CreateMiniDump(path, dumpType);
    }
 
    private static string getApplicationPath()
    {
        return HttpContext.Current != null ?
            HttpRuntime.AppDomainAppPath :
            Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            var zero = 0;
            Console.WriteLine(1 / zero);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.Write(ex);
            DebugInfo.CreateMiniDump(dumpType:
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpNormal |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithPrivateReadWriteMemory |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithDataSegs |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithHandleData |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithFullMemoryInfo |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithThreadInfo |
                                MiniDumpType.MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules);
 
            throw;
        }
    }
}

// RandomGenerator.cs
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace PersianCaptchaHandler
{
    public class RandomGenerator
    {
        private static readonly byte[] Randb = new byte[4];
        private static readonly RNGCryptoServiceProvider Rand = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();

        public static int Next()
        {
            Rand.GetBytes(Randb);
            var value = BitConverter.ToInt32(Randb, 0);
            if (value < 0) value = -value;
            return value;
        }
        public static int Next(int max)
        {
            Rand.GetBytes(Randb);
            var value = BitConverter.ToInt32(Randb, 0);
            value = value%(max + 1);
            if (value < 0) value = -value;
            return value;
        }
        public static int Next(int min, int max)
        {
            var value = Next(max - min) + min;
            return value;
        }
    }
}

// NumberToString.cs
namespace PersianCaptchaHandler
{
    public class NumberToString
    {

        #region Fields
        private static readonly string[] Yakan = new[] { "صفر", "یک", "دو", "سه", "چهار", "پنج", "شش", "هفت", "هشت", "نه" };
        private static readonly string[] Dahgan = new[] { "", "", "بیست", "سی", "چهل", "پنجاه", "شصت", "هفتاد", "هشتاد", "نود" };
        private static readonly string[] Dahyek = new [] { "ده", "یازده", "دوازده", "سیزده", "چهارده", "پانزده", "شانزده", "هفده", "هجده", "نوزده" };
        private static readonly string[] Sadgan = new [] { "", "یکصد", "دوصد", "سیصد", "چهارصد", "پانصد", "ششصد", "هفتصد", "هشتصد", "نهصد" };
        private static readonly string[] Basex = new [] { "", "هزار", "میلیون", "میلیارد", "تریلیون" };
        #endregion

        private static string Getnum3(int num3)
        {
            var s = "";
            var d12 = num3 % 100;
            var d3 = num3 / 100;
            if (d3 != 0)
                s = Sadgan[d3] + " و ";
            if ((d12 >= 10) && (d12 <= 19))
            {
                s = s + Dahyek[d12 - 10];
            }
            else
            {
                var d2 = d12 / 10;
                if (d2 != 0)
                    s = s + Dahgan[d2] + " و ";
                var d1 = d12 % 10;
                if (d1 != 0)
                    s = s + Yakan[d1] + " و ";
                s = s.Substring(0, s.Length - 3);
            }
            return s;
        }

        public static string ConvertIntNumberToFarsiAlphabatic(string snum)
        {
            var stotal = "";
            if (snum == "0") return Yakan[0];

            snum = snum.PadLeft(((snum.Length - 1) / 3 + 1) * 3, '0');
            var l = snum.Length / 3 - 1;
            for (var i = 0; i <= l; i++)
            {
                var b = int.Parse(snum.Substring(i * 3, 3));
                if (b != 0)
                    stotal = stotal + Getnum3(b) + " " + Basex[l - i] + " و ";
            }
            stotal = stotal.Substring(0, stotal.Length - 3);
            return stotal;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

namespace PersianCaptchaHandler
{
    public class Encryptor
    {
        #region constraints
        private static string Password { get { return "Mehdi"; } }
        private static string Salt { get { return "Payervand"; } }
        #endregion

        public static string Encrypt(string clearText)
        {
            // Turn text to bytes
            var clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);

            var pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password, Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(Salt));

            var ms = new MemoryStream();
            var alg = Rijndael.Create();

            alg.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
            alg.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);

            var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, alg.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

            cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
            cs.Close();

            var encryptedData = ms.ToArray();

            return Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedData);
        }
        public static string Decrypt(string cipherText)
        {
            // Convert text to byte
            var cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);

            var pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password, Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(Salt));

            var ms = new MemoryStream();
            var alg = Rijndael.Create();

            alg.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
            alg.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);

            var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, alg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

            cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
            cs.Close();

            var decryptedData = ms.ToArray();

            return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(decryptedData);
        }
    }
}

// Utils.cs
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace PersianCaptchaHandler
{
    public class Utils
    {
        private static readonly Regex NumberMatch = new Regex(@"^([0-9]*|\d*\.\d{1}?\d*)$", RegexOptions.Compiled);
        public static bool IsNumber(string number2Match)
        {
            return NumberMatch.IsMatch(number2Match);
        }
    }
}

<add verb="GET" path="/captcha/" type="PersianCaptchaHandler.CaptchaHandler, PersianCaptchaHandler, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral"  />

<!-- ASPX -->
<dl>
    <dt>تصویر امنیتی</dt>
    <dd>
        <asp:Image ID="imgCaptchaText" runat="server" AlternateText="CaptchaImage" />
        <asp:HiddenField ID="hfCaptchaText" runat="server" />
        <asp:ImageButton ID="btnRefreshCaptcha" runat="server" ImageUrl="/img/refresh.png"
            OnClick="btnRefreshCaptcha_Click" />
        <br />
        <asp:TextBox ID="txtCaptcha" runat="server" AutoCompleteType="Disabled"></asp:TextBox>
    </dd>
    <dd>
        <asp:Button ID="btnSubmit" runat="server" Text="ثبت" OnClick="btnSubmit_Click" />
    </dd>
</dl>
<asp:Label ID="lblMessage" runat="server"></asp:Label>

        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!Page.IsPostBack)
                SetCaptcha();
        }

        private void SetCaptcha()
        {
            lblMessage.Text =
            txtCaptcha.Text = string.Empty;

            var newNumber =
                RandomGenerator.Next(100, 999)
                ;

            var farsiAlphabatic = NumberToString.ConvertIntNumberToFarsiAlphabatic(newNumber.ToString());

            hfCaptchaText.Value =
                HttpUtility
                .UrlEncode(
                    Encryptor.Encrypt(
                        farsiAlphabatic
                    )
                );

            txtCaptcha.Text = string.Empty;
            imgCaptchaText.ImageUrl =
                "/captcha/?text=" + hfCaptchaText.Value;
        }

        private string GetCaptcha()
        {
            var farsiAlphabatic = NumberToString.ConvertIntNumberToFarsiAlphabatic(txtCaptcha.Text);

            var encryptedString =
                HttpUtility
                .UrlEncode(
                    Encryptor.Encrypt(
                        farsiAlphabatic
                    )
                );

            return encryptedString;
        }

        private bool ValidateUserInputForLogin()
        {
            if (!Utils.IsNumber(txtCaptcha.Text))
            {
                lblMessage.Text = "تصویر امنیتی را بطور صحیح وارد نکرده اید";
                return false;
            }

            var strGetCaptcha =
                GetCaptcha();

            var strDecodedVAlue =
                hfCaptchaText.Value;

            if (strDecodedVAlue != strGetCaptcha)
            {
                lblMessage.Text = "کلمه امنیتی اشتباه است";
                SetCaptcha();
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!ValidateUserInputForLogin()) return;
            lblMessage.Text = "کلمه امنیتی درست است";
        }

        protected void btnRefreshCaptcha_Click(object sender, ImageClickEventArgs e)
        {
            SetCaptcha();
        }

 class test
    {
        static string fname, lname;
        static test()
        {
            console.write("first name:");
            fname = console.readline();
            console.write("last name:");
            lname = console.readline();
            console.writeline("thank you");
        }
        public test()
        {
            //some other code
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void UsingOld()
        {
            using (var file = new FileStream("input.txt", FileMode.Open))
            using (var reader = new StreamReader(file))
            {
                var s = reader.ReadToEnd();

                // Do something with data
            }
        }

    class Program
    {
        static void UsingNew(string[] args)
        {
            using Stream file = new FileStream("input.txt", FileMode.Open);
            using StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(file);

            var s = reader.ReadToEnd();

            // Do something with data
        }

    class Program
    {
        static void UsingNewScope()
        {
            string buffer = null;
            using Stream file = new FileStream("input.txt", FileMode.Open);
            using StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(file);

            buffer = reader.ReadToEnd();

            // Do something with data

            buffer = null;
        }

        static void UsingOldScope(string[] args)
        {
            string buffer = null;

            using (var file = new FileStream("input.txt", FileMode.Open))
            using (var reader = new StreamReader(file))
            {
                buffer = reader.ReadToEnd();
            }

            // Do something with data

            buffer = null;
        }

    string buffer = null; 
    using (var file = new FileStream("input.txt", FileMode.Open)) 
    { 
        using (var reader = new StreamReader(file)) 
        { 
            buffer = reader.ReadToEnd(); 
            buffer = null; 
        } 
    }

private static void UsingDeclarationWithScope()
{
    {
        using var r1 = new AResource();
        r1.UseIt();
    }  // r1 is disposed here!
    Console.WriteLine("r1 is already disposed");
}

    public class AResource : IDisposable
    {
        public void UseIt() => Console.WriteLine(nameof(UseIt));
        public void Dispose() => Console.WriteLine($"Dispose {nameof(AResource)}");
    }

    class Program
    {
        public static AResource GetTheResource() => new AResource();

using (GetTheResource())
{
   // do something here
}  // resource is disposed here

using GetTheResource(); // Compiler error

using var _ = GetTheResource(); // Works fine

 public class Category
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Title { get; set; }
    }

 public class CategoryMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Entity.Category>
    {
        public CategoryMap()
        {
            ToTable( "Category" );

            HasKey( _field => _field.Id );

            Property( _field => _field.Title )
            .IsRequired();            
        }
    }

using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;

namespace DataAccess
{
    public interface IUnitOfWork
    {
        DbSet<TEntity> Set<TEntity>() where TEntity : class;
        DbEntityEntry<TEntity> Entry<TEntity>() where TEntity : class;
        void SaveChanges();     
        void Dispose();
    }
}

[InheritedExport( typeof( IUnitOfWork ) )]
    public class DatabaseContext : DbContext, IUnitOfWork
    {
        private DbTransaction transaction = null;

        public DatabaseContext()           
        {
            this.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false;
            this.Configuration.LazyLoadingEnabled = true;
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating( DbModelBuilder modelBuilder )
        {
            modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();

            modelBuilder.AddFormAssembly( Assembly.GetAssembly( typeof( Entity.Map.CategoryMap ) ) );
        }

        public DbEntityEntry<TEntity> Entry<TEntity>() where TEntity : class
        {
            return this.Entry<TEntity>();
        }      
    }

 public static class ModelBuilderExtension
    {
        public static void AddFormAssembly( this DbModelBuilder modelBuilder, Assembly assembly )
        {
            Array.ForEach<Type>( assembly.GetTypes().Where( type => type.BaseType != null && type.BaseType.IsGenericType && type.BaseType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof( EntityTypeConfiguration<> ) ).ToArray(), delegate( Type type )
            {
                dynamic instance = Activator.CreateInstance( type );
                modelBuilder.Configurations.Add( instance );
            } );
        }
    }

public class BusinessBase<TEntity> where TEntity : class
    {        
        public BusinessBase( IUnitOfWork unitOfWork )
        {
            this.UnitOfWork = unitOfWork;
        }

        [Import]
        public IUnitOfWork UnitOfWork
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public virtual IEnumerable<TEntity> GetAll()
        {
            return UnitOfWork.Set<TEntity>().AsNoTracking();
        }

        public virtual void Add( TEntity entity )
        {
            try
            {             
                UnitOfWork.Set<TEntity>().Add( entity );
                UnitOfWork.SaveChanges();
            }
            catch
            {              
                throw;
            }
            finally
            {
                UnitOfWork.Dispose();
            }
        }
    }

 public class Category : BusinessBase<Entity.Category>
    {      
        [ImportingConstructor]
        public Category( [Import( typeof( IUnitOfWork ) )] IUnitOfWork unitOfWork )
            : base( unitOfWork )
        {
        }
    }

public class Plugin
    {        
        public void Run()
        {
            AggregateCatalog catalog = new AggregateCatalog();

            Container = new CompositionContainer( catalog );

            CompositionBatch batch = new CompositionBatch();

            catalog.Catalogs.Add( new AssemblyCatalog( Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly() ) );

            batch.AddPart( this );

            Container.Compose( batch );
        }

        public CompositionContainer Container 
        {
            get; 
            private set;
        }
    }

  class Program
    {
        static void Main( string[] args )
        {
            Plugin plugin = new Plugin();
            plugin.Run();

            Category category = new Category(plugin.Container.GetExportedValue<IUnitOfWork>());
            category.GetAll().ToList().ForEach( _record => Console.Write( _record.Title ) );
        }
    }