optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(
   @"Server=(localdb)\mssqllocaldb;Database=Demo.Batching;Trusted_Connection=True;",
   options => options.MaxBatchSize(1)
);

public class SqlServerModificationCommandBatch : AffectedCountModificationCommandBatch
    {
        private const int DefaultNetworkPacketSizeBytes = 4096;
        private const int MaxScriptLength = 65536 * DefaultNetworkPacketSizeBytes / 2;
        private const int MaxParameterCount = 2100;
        private const int MaxRowCount = 1000;

    public class Blog
    {
        public int BlogId { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Url { get; set; }
    }

    public class BloggingContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }

        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(
                @"Server=(localdb)\mssqllocaldb;Database=Demo.Batching;Trusted_Connection=True;"/*,
                options => options.MaxBatchSize(2)*/
                );
            optionsBuilder.EnableSensitiveDataLogging();
        }
    }

            using (var db = new BloggingContext())
            {
                db.GetService<ILoggerFactory>().AddProvider(new MyLoggerProvider());

                // Modify some existing blogs
                var existing = db.Blogs.ToArray();
                existing[0].Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/dogs";
                existing[1].Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/cats";

                // Insert some new blogs
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Horse Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/horses" });
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Snake Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/snakes" });
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Fish Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/fish" });
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Koala Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/koalas" });
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Parrot Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/parrots" });
                db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "The Kangaroo Blog", Url = "http://sample.com/blogs/kangaroos" });

                db.SaveChanges();
            }

Executed DbCommand (41ms) [Parameters=[@p1='57', @p0='http://sample.com/blogs/dogs' (Size = 4000), @p3='58', @p2='http://sample.com/blogs/cats' (Size = 4000), @p4='The Horse Blog' (Size = 4000), @p5='http://sample.com/blogs/horses' (Size = 4000), @p6='The Snake Blog' (Size = 4000), @p7='http://sample.com/blogs/snakes' (Size = 4000), @p8='The Fish Blog' (Size = 4000), @p9='http://sample.com/blogs/fish' (Size = 4000), @p10='The Koala Blog' (Size = 4000), @p11='http://sample.com/blogs/koalas' (Size = 4000), @p12='The Parrot Blog' (Size = 4000), @p13='http://sample.com/blogs/parrots' (Size = 4000), @p14='The Kangaroo Blog' (Size = 4000), @p15='http://sample.com/blogs/kangaroos' (Size = 4000)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE [Blogs] SET [Url] = @p0
WHERE [BlogId] = @p1;
SELECT @@ROWCOUNT;

UPDATE [Blogs] SET [Url] = @p2
WHERE [BlogId] = @p3;
SELECT @@ROWCOUNT;

DECLARE @inserted2 TABLE ([BlogId] int, [_Position] [int]);
MERGE [Blogs] USING (
VALUES (@p4, @p5, 0),
(@p6, @p7, 1),
(@p8, @p9, 2),
(@p10, @p11, 3),
(@p12, @p13, 4),
(@p14, @p15, 5)) AS i ([Name], [Url], _Position) ON 1=0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT ([Name], [Url])
VALUES (i.[Name], i.[Url])
OUTPUT INSERTED.[BlogId], i._Position
INTO @inserted2;

SELECT [t].[BlogId] FROM [Blogs] t
INNER JOIN @inserted2 i ON ([t].[BlogId] = [i].[BlogId])
ORDER BY [i].[_Position];

protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
   optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(
     @"Server=(localdb)\mssqllocaldb;Database=Demo.Batching;Trusted_Connection=True;",
     options => options.MaxBatchSize(2)
    );
    optionsBuilder.EnableSensitiveDataLogging();
}

Executed DbCommand (17ms) [Parameters=[@p1='65', @p0='http://sample.com/blogs/dogs' (Size = 4000), @p3='66', @p2='http://sample.com/blogs/cats' (Size = 4000)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE [Blogs] SET [Url] = @p0
WHERE [BlogId] = @p1;
SELECT @@ROWCOUNT;

UPDATE [Blogs] SET [Url] = @p2
WHERE [BlogId] = @p3;
SELECT @@ROWCOUNT;

Executed DbCommand (18ms) [Parameters=[@p0='The Horse Blog' (Size = 4000), @p1='http://sample.com/blogs/horses' (Size = 4000), @p2='The Snake Blog' (Size = 4000), @p3='http://sample.com/blogs/snakes' (Size = 4000)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @inserted0 TABLE ([BlogId] int, [_Position] [int]);
MERGE [Blogs] USING (
VALUES (@p0, @p1, 0),
(@p2, @p3, 1)) AS i ([Name], [Url], _Position) ON 1=0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT ([Name], [Url])
VALUES (i.[Name], i.[Url])
OUTPUT INSERTED.[BlogId], i._Position
INTO @inserted0;

SELECT [t].[BlogId] FROM [Blogs] t
INNER JOIN @inserted0 i ON ([t].[BlogId] = [i].[BlogId])
ORDER BY [i].[_Position];

Executed DbCommand (34ms) [Parameters=[@p0='The Fish Blog' (Size = 4000), @p1='http://sample.com/blogs/fish' (Size = 4000), @p2='The Koala Blog' (Size = 4000), @p3='http://sample.com/blogs/koalas' (Size = 4000)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @inserted0 TABLE ([BlogId] int, [_Position] [int]);
MERGE [Blogs] USING (
VALUES (@p0, @p1, 0),
(@p2, @p3, 1)) AS i ([Name], [Url], _Position) ON 1=0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT ([Name], [Url])
VALUES (i.[Name], i.[Url])
OUTPUT INSERTED.[BlogId], i._Position
INTO @inserted0;

SELECT [t].[BlogId] FROM [Blogs] t
INNER JOIN @inserted0 i ON ([t].[BlogId] = [i].[BlogId])
ORDER BY [i].[_Position];

Executed DbCommand (15ms) [Parameters=[@p0='The Parrot Blog' (Size = 4000), @p1='http://sample.com/blogs/parrots' (Size = 4000), @p2='The Kangaroo Blog' (Size = 4000), @p3='http://sample.com/blogs/kangaroos' (Size = 4000)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @inserted0 TABLE ([BlogId] int, [_Position] [int]);
MERGE [Blogs] USING (
VALUES (@p0, @p1, 0),
(@p2, @p3, 1)) AS i ([Name], [Url], _Position) ON 1=0
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT ([Name], [Url])
VALUES (i.[Name], i.[Url])
OUTPUT INSERTED.[BlogId], i._Position
INTO @inserted0;

SELECT [t].[BlogId] FROM [Blogs] t
INNER JOIN @inserted0 i ON ([t].[BlogId] = [i].[BlogId])
ORDER BY [i].[_Position];

var result = 
    from product in dbContext.Products
    where product.Category.Name == "Toys"
    where product.Price >= 2.50
    select product.Name;

• Fluent Syntax : 

var result = dbContext.Products
    .Where(p => p.Category.Name == "Toys" && p.Price >= 250)
    .Select(p => p.Name);

    public class Student
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Field1 { get; set; }
        public string Field2 { get; set; }
        public string Field3 { get; set; }


        public static IEnumerable<Student> GetStudentSource()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                yield return new Student
                                 {
                                     Id = i,
                                     Name = "Name " + i,
                                     Field1 = "Field1 " + i,
                                     Field2 = "Field2 " + i,
                                     Field3 = "Field3 " + i
                                 };
            }
        }
    }

    public class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            System.Console.WriteLine("Specify the desired fields : ");
            string fields = System.Console.ReadLine();
            IEnumerable<Student> students = Student.GetStudentSource();
            IQueryable output = students.AsQueryable().Select(string.Format("new({0})", fields));
            foreach (object item in output)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
          
            System.Console.ReadKey();
        }
  
    }

    public  class SelectBuilder <T>
    {
        public static Func<T, T> CreateNewStatement(string fields)
        {
            // input parameter "o"
            var xParameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");


            // new statement "new T()"
            var xNew = Expression.New(typeof(T));

            // create initializers
            var bindings = fields.Split(',').Select(o => o.Trim())
                .Select(o =>
                {

                    // property "Field1"
                    var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(o);

                    // original value "o.Field1"
                    var xOriginal = Expression.Property(xParameter, property);

                    // set value "Field1 = o.Field1"
                    return Expression.Bind(property, xOriginal);
                }
            ).ToList();

            // initialization "new T { Field1 = o.Field1, Field2 = o.Field2 }"
            var xInit = Expression.MemberInit(xNew, bindings);

            // expression "o => new T { Field1 = o.Field1, Field2 = o.Field2 }"
            var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<T, T>>(xInit, xParameter);

            // compile to Func<T, T>
            return lambda.Compile();
        }
    }

       IEnumerable<Student> result = students.Select(SelectBuilder<Student>.CreateNewStatement("Field1, Field2")).ToList();

            foreach (Student student in result)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(student.Field1);
            }

ابتدا فیلد‌های انتخابی کاربر که با "," جدا شده اند به ورودی پاس داده می‌شود سپس یک statement  خالی ایجاد می‌شود : 

o=>new Student()

namespace Models
{
    public class Book
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string Author{get;set;}
        public int PublishYear { get; set; }
    }
}

public class StrongCoupledConcreteA
    {
        public string GenerateString(string s) { return s + " from" + this.GetType().ToString(); }
    }

    public class StrongCoupledConcreteB
    {
        public void GenerateString(ref string s) { s += " from" + this.GetType().ToString(); }
    }

    public class Printer
    {
        bool condition;
        public Printer(bool cond)
        {
            condition = cond;
        }

        public void SetCondition(bool value) { condition = value; }

        public void Print()
        {
            string result;
            string input = " this message is";
            if (condition)
            {
                var stringGenerator = new StrongCoupledConcreteA();
                result = stringGenerator.GenerateString(input);
            }
            else
            {
                var stringGenerator = new StrongCoupledConcreteB();
                result = input;
                stringGenerator.GenerateString(ref result);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(result);
        }

    }
    public class Context
    {
        Printer printer;
        public void DoWork()
        {
            printer = new Printer(true);
            printer.Print();

            printer.SetCondition(false);
            printer.Print();
        }

    }

public interface IStringGenerator
        {
            string GenerateString(string s);
        }
        public class LooslyCoupledConcreteA : IStringGenerator
        {
            public string GenerateString(string s)
            {
                return s + " from " + this.GetType().ToString();
            }
        }
        public class LooslyCoupledConcreteB : IStringGenerator
        {
            public string GenerateString(string s)
            {
                return s + " from " + this.GetType().ToString();
            }
        }

           public class Printer
           {
               bool condition;
               public Printer(bool cond)
               {
                   condition = cond;
               }

               public void SetCondition(bool value) { condition = value; }

               public void Print()
               {
                   string result;
                   string input = " this message is";
                   IStringGenerator generator;
                   if (condition)
                   {
                       generator = new LooslyCoupledConcreteA();
                   }
                   else
                   {
                       generator = new LooslyCoupledConcreteB();
                   }
                   
                   result = generator.GenerateString(input);
                   Console.WriteLine(result);

               }

           }

// single responsibility principle - bad example

    interface IEmail
    {
        void SetSender(string sender);
        void SetReceiver(string receiver);
        void SetContent(string content);
    }

    class Email : IEmail
    {
        public void SetSender(string sender)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
        public void SetReceiver(string receiver)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetContent(string content)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }

// single responsibility principle - good example
    public interface IMessage
    {
        void SetSender(string sender);
        void SetReceiver(string receiver);
        void SetContent(IContent content);
    }

    public interface IContent
    {
        string GetAsString(); // used for serialization
    }

    public class Email : IMessage
    {        
        public void SetSender(string sender)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetReceiver(string receiver)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void SetContent(IContent content)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }

public class AreaCalculator
        {
            public double Area(object[] shapes)
            {
                double area = 0;

                foreach (var shape in shapes)
                {

                    if (shape is Square)
                    {
                        Square square = (Square)shape;
                        area += Math.Sqrt(square.Height);
                    }

                    if (shape is Triangle)
                    {
                        Triangle triangle = (Triangle)shape;
                        double TotalHalf = (triangle.FirstSide + triangle.SecondSide + triangle.ThirdSide) / 2;
                        area += Math.Sqrt(TotalHalf * (TotalHalf - triangle.FirstSide) *
                        (TotalHalf - triangle.SecondSide) * (TotalHalf - triangle.ThirdSide));
                    }

                    if (shape is Circle)
                    {
                        Circle circle = (Circle)shape;
                        area += circle.Radius * circle.Radius * Math.PI;
                    }

                }
                return area;
            }
        }
        public class Square
        {
            public double Height { get; set; }
        }
        public class Circle
        {
            public double Radius { get; set; }
        }
        public class Triangle
        {
            public double FirstSide { get; set; }
            public double SecondSide { get; set; }
            public double ThirdSide { get; set; }
        }

public class AreaCalculator
{
    public double Area(Shape[] shapes)
    {
        double area = 0;

        foreach (var shape in shapes)
        {
            area += shape.Area();
        }

        return area;
    }
}
public abstract class Shape
{
    public abstract double Area();
}
public class Square : Shape
{
    public double Height { get { return _height; } }
    private double _height;

    public Square(double Height)
    {
        _height = Height;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        return Math.Sqrt(_height);
    }
}
public class Circle : Shape
{
    public double Radius { get { return _radius; } }

    private double _radius;

    public Circle(double Radius)
    {
        _radius = Radius;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        return _radius * _radius * Math.PI;
    }
}
public class Triangle : Shape
{
    public double FirstSide { get { return _firstSide; } }
    public double SecondSide { get { return _secondSide; } }
    public double ThirdSide { get { return _thirdSide; } }

    private double _firstSide;
    private double _secondSide;
    private double _thirdSide;

    public Triangle(double FirstSide, double SecondSide, double ThirdSide)
    {
        _firstSide = FirstSide;
        _secondSide = SecondSide;
        _thirdSide = ThirdSide;
    }

    public override double Area()
    {
        double TotalHalf = (_firstSide + _secondSide + _thirdSide) / 2;
        return Math.Sqrt(TotalHalf * (TotalHalf - _firstSide) * (TotalHalf - _secondSide) * (TotalHalf - _thirdSide));
    }
}

public class Location   
{ 
     public string City { get; set; } 
     public string State { get; set; } 
 
     public Location(string city, string state) 
     { 
           City = city; 
           State = state; 
     } 
}

 var location = new Location("Lake Charles","LA");

 var location = new Tuple<string,string>("Lake Charles","LA");   
// Print out the address
var address = $"{location.Item1}, {location.Item2}";

static Tuple<int, string, string> GetHumanData()
{
   return Tuple.Create(10, "Marcus", "Miller");
}

 var data = GetHumanData();
Console.WriteLine("What is this value {0} or this {1}",  data.Item1, data.Item3);

(int x1, string s1) = (3, "one");
Console.WriteLine($"{x1} {s1}");

 error CS8179: Predefined type 'System.ValueTuple`2' is not defined or imported

 PM> install-package System.ValueTuple

int x2;
string s2;
(x2, s2) = (42, "two");
Console.WriteLine($"{x2} {s2}");

static (int, int) Divide(int x, int y)
{
   int result = x / y;
   int reminder = x % y;
 
   return (result, reminder);
}

 (int result, int reminder) = Divide(11, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} {reminder}");

 (var result1, var reminder1) = Divide(11, 3);
Console.WriteLine($"{result1} {reminder1}");

 var (result1, reminder1) = Divide(11, 3);

static (int, string, string) GetHumanData()
{
   return (10, "Marcus", "Miller");
}

 (int Age, string FirstName, string LastName) results = GetHumanData();
Console.WriteLine(results.Age);
Console.WriteLine(results.FirstName);
Console.WriteLine(results.LastName);

 ValueTuple<int, int> tuple1 = Divide(11, 3);

 (int, int) n = (1,1);
System.Console.WriteLine(n.Item1);

 ValueTuple<int, int> n = new ValueTuple<int, int>(1, 1);
System.Console.WriteLine(n.Item1);

 (int,int,int,int,int,int,int,(int,int))

 var tuple2 = ("Stephanie", 7);
Console.WriteLine($"{tuple2.Item1}, {tuple2.Item2}");

 var tuple3 = (Name: "Matthias", Age: 6);
Console.WriteLine($"{tuple3.Name} {tuple3.Age}");

static (int radius, double area) CalculateAreaOfCircle(int radius)
{
   return (radius, Math.PI * Math.Pow(radius, 2));
}

 var circle = CalculateAreaOfCircle(2);
Console.WriteLine($"A circle of radius, {circle.radius}," +
 $" has an area of {circle.area:N2}.");

class Person
{
    private readonly string _firstName;
    private readonly string _lastName;
 
    public Person(string firstname, string lastname)
    {
        _firstName = firstname;
        _lastName = lastname;
    }
 
    public override String ToString() => $"{_firstName} {_lastName}";
 
    public void Deconstruct(out string firstname, out string lastname)
    {
        firstname = _firstName;
        lastname = _lastName;
    }
}

 var p1 = new Person("Katharina", "Nagel");
(string first, string last) = p1;
Console.WriteLine($"{first} {last}");

public class Rectangle
{
    public Rectangle(int height, int width)
    {
        Height = height;
        Width = width;
    }
 
    public int Width { get; }
    public int Height { get; }
}
 
public static class RectangleExtensions
{
    public static void Deconstruct(this Rectangle rectangle, out int height, out int width)
    {
        height = rectangle.Height;
        width = rectangle.Width;
    }
}

 var r1 = new Rectangle(100, 200);
(int height, int width) = r1;
Console.WriteLine($"height: {height}, width: {width}");

List<Employee> allEmployees = new List<Employee>()
{
  new Employee { ID = 1L, Name = "Fred", Salary = 50000M },
  new Employee { ID = 2L, Name = "Sally", Salary = 60000M },
  new Employee { ID = 3L, Name = "George", Salary = 70000M }
};
var wellPaid =
  from oneEmployee in allEmployees
  where oneEmployee.Salary > 50000M
  select new { EmpName = oneEmployee.Name,
               Income = oneEmployee.Salary };

var wellPaid =
  from oneEmployee in allEmployees
  where oneEmployee.Salary > 50000M
  orderby oneEmployee.Salary descending
  select (EmpName: oneEmployee.Name,
          Income: oneEmployee.Salary);
var highestPaid = wellPaid.First().EmpName;

public Task<(int index, T item)> FindAsync<T>(IEnumerable<T> input, Predicate<T> match)
{
   var dictionary = new Dictionary<(int, int), string>();
   throw new NotSupportedException();
}