> create-react-app sample-03
> cd sample-03
> npm start

const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];

const items = colors.map(function(color) {
  return "<li>" + color + "</li>";
});
console.log(items);

const items2 = colors.map(color => "<li>" + color + "</li>");
console.log(items2);

const items3 = colors.map(color => `<li>${color}</li>`);
console.log(items3);

const street1 = address.street;
const city1 = address.city;
const country1 = address.country;

const { street, city, country } = address;

const { street: st } = address;
console.log(st);

const first = [1, 2, 3];
const second = [4, 5, 6];

const combined = first.concat(second);
console.log(combined);

 const combined2 = [...first, ...second];
console.log(combined2);

 const combined2 = [...first, "a", ...second, "b"];
console.log(combined2);

const clone = [...first];
console.log(clone);

const firstObject = { name: "User 1" };
const secondObject = { job: "Job 1" };
const combinedObject = { ...firstObject, ...secondObject, location: "Here" };
console.log(combinedObject);

 {name: "User 1", job: "Job 1", location: "Here"}

const clonedObject = { ...firstObject };
console.log(clonedObject);

const person = {
  name: "User 1",
  walk() {
    console.log("walk");
  }
};

const person2 = {
  name: "User 2",
  walk() {
    console.log("walk");
  }
};

class Person {
  constructor(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  walk() {
    console.log("walk");
  }
}

const person3 = new Person("User 3");
console.log(person3.name);
person3.walk();

class Teacher extends Person {
  teach() {
    console.log("teach");
  }
}

const teacher = new Teacher("User 4");

console.log(teacher.name);
teacher.teach();
teacher.walk();

class Teacher extends Person {
  constructor(name, degree) {}

 Uncaught ReferenceError: Must call super constructor in derived class before accessing 'this' or returning from derived constructor

class Teacher extends Person {
  constructor(name, degree) {
    super(name);
    this.degree = degree;
  }

  teach() {
    console.log("teach");
  }
}

const teacher = new Teacher("User 4", "MSc");

 export class Teacher extends Person {

import { Person } from "./Person";

export class Teacher extends Person {

import { Person } from "./Person";
import { Teacher } from "./Teacher";

 export default class Teacher extends Person {

 import Teacher from "./Teacher";

import { Person } from "./Person";

export function testTeacher() {
  console.log("Test Teacher");
}

export default class Teacher extends Person {

 import Teacher, { testTeacher } from "./Teacher";

import React, { Component } from 'react';

SELECT Title FROM Book WHERE Desc LIKE '%cat%';

var cats = context.Chapters.Where(item => item.Text.Contains("cat")).ToList();

SELECT  "c"."Text" FROM "Chapters" AS "c" WHERE ('cat' = '') OR (instr("c"."Text", 'cat') > 0)

var cats = context.Chapters.Where(item => item.Text.StartsWith("cat")).ToList();
// SELECT "c"."Text", FROM "Chapters" AS "c" WHERE "c"."Text" IS NOT NULL AND ("c"."Text" LIKE 'cat%')

var cats = context.Chapters.Where(item => item.Text.EndsWith("cat")).ToList();
// SELECT "c"."Title" FROM "Chapters" AS "c" WHERE "c"."Text" IS NOT NULL AND ("c"."Text" LIKE '%cat')

using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EFCoreSQLiteFTS.Entities
{
    public class User
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Name { get; set; }

        public ICollection<Chapter> Chapters { get; set; }
    }

    public class Chapter
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string Title { get; set; }

        public string Text { get; set; }

        public User User { get; set; }
        public int UserId { get; set; }
    }
}

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE "Chapters_FTS"
USING fts5("Text", "Title", content="Chapters", content_rowid="Id")

private static void createFtsTables(ApplicationDbContext context)
{
    // For SQLite FTS
    // Note: This can be added to the `protected override void Up(MigrationBuilder migrationBuilder)` method too.
    context.Database.ExecuteSqlRaw(@"CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ""Chapters_FTS""
    USING fts5(""Text"", ""Title"", content=""Chapters"", content_rowid=""Id"");");
}

-- Create a table. And an external content fts5 table to index it.
CREATE TABLE tbl(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b, c);
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE fts_idx USING fts5(b, c, content='tbl', content_rowid='a');

-- Triggers to keep the FTS index up to date.
CREATE TRIGGER tbl_ai AFTER INSERT ON tbl BEGIN
  INSERT INTO fts_idx(rowid, b, c) VALUES (new.a, new.b, new.c);
END;
CREATE TRIGGER tbl_ad AFTER DELETE ON tbl BEGIN
  INSERT INTO fts_idx(fts_idx, rowid, b, c) VALUES('delete', old.a, old.b, old.c);
END;
CREATE TRIGGER tbl_au AFTER UPDATE ON tbl BEGIN
  INSERT INTO fts_idx(fts_idx, rowid, b, c) VALUES('delete', old.a, old.b, old.c);
  INSERT INTO fts_idx(rowid, b, c) VALUES (new.a, new.b, new.c);
END;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;

namespace EFCoreSQLiteFTS.DataLayer
{
    public static class EFChangeTrackerExtensions
    {
        public static List<(EntityState State, TEntity NewEntity, TEntity OldEntity)>
                    GetChangedEntities<TEntity>(this DbContext dbContext) where TEntity : class, new()
        {
            if (!dbContext.ChangeTracker.AutoDetectChangesEnabled)
            {
                // ChangeTracker.Entries() only calls `Try`DetectChanges() behind the scene.
                dbContext.ChangeTracker.DetectChanges();
            }

            return dbContext.ChangeTracker.Entries<TEntity>()
                    .Where(IsEntityChanged)
                    .Select(entityEntry => (entityEntry.State,
                                            entityEntry.Entity,
                                            createWithValues<TEntity>(entityEntry.OriginalValues)))
                    .ToList();
        }

        private static bool IsEntityChanged(EntityEntry entry)
        {
            return entry.State == EntityState.Added
                    || entry.State == EntityState.Modified
                    || entry.State == EntityState.Deleted
                    || entry.References.Any(r => r.TargetEntry?.Metadata.IsOwned() == true && IsEntityChanged(r.TargetEntry));
        }

        private static T createWithValues<T>(PropertyValues values) where T : new()
        {
            var entity = new T();
            foreach (var prop in values.Properties)
            {
                var value = values[prop.Name];
                if (value is PropertyValues)
                {
                    throw new NotSupportedException("nested complex object");
                }
                else
                {
                    prop.PropertyInfo.SetValue(entity, value);
                }
            }
            return entity;
        }
    }
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using EFCoreSQLiteFTS.Entities;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

namespace EFCoreSQLiteFTS.DataLayer
{
    public static class FtsNormalizer
    {
        private static readonly Regex _htmlRegex = new Regex("<[^>]*>", RegexOptions.Compiled);

        public static string NormalizeText(this string text)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text))
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }

            // Remove html tags
            text = _htmlRegex.Replace(text, string.Empty);

            // TODO: add other normalizers here, such as `remove diacritics`, `fix Persian Ye-Ke` and so on ...

            return text;
        }
    }

    public static class UpdateFtsTriggers
    {
        public static void UpdateChapterFTS(
            this DbContext context,
            List<(EntityState State, Chapter NewEntity, Chapter OldEntity)> changedChapters)
        {
            var database = context.Database;

            try
            {
                database.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted);

                foreach (var (State, NewEntity, OldEntity) in changedChapters)
                {
                    var chapterNew = NewEntity;
                    var chapterOld = OldEntity;

                    var normalizedNewText = chapterNew.Text.NormalizeText();
                    var normalizedOldText = chapterOld.Text.NormalizeText();
                    var normalizedNewTitle = chapterNew.Title.NormalizeText();
                    var normalizedOldTitle = chapterOld.Title.NormalizeText();
                    switch (State)
                    {
                        case EntityState.Added:
                            if (shouldSkipAddedChapter(chapterNew))
                            {
                                continue;
                            }
                            database.ExecuteSqlRaw("INSERT INTO Chapters_FTS(rowid, Text, Title) values({0}, {1}, {2});",
                                    chapterNew.Id, normalizedNewText, normalizedNewTitle);
                            break;
                        case EntityState.Modified:
                            if (shouldSkipModifiedChapter(chapterNew, chapterOld))
                            {
                                continue;
                            }
                            // This format is important! Otherwise we will get `SQLite Error 11: 'database disk image is malformed'.` error!
                            database.ExecuteSqlRaw(@"INSERT INTO Chapters_FTS(Chapters_FTS, rowid, Text, Title)
                                                        VALUES('delete', {0}, {1}, {2}); ",
                                                        chapterOld.Id, normalizedOldText, normalizedOldTitle);
                            database.ExecuteSqlRaw("INSERT INTO Chapters_FTS(rowid, Text, Title) values({0}, {1}, {2});",
                                    chapterNew.Id, normalizedNewText, normalizedNewTitle);
                            break;
                        case EntityState.Deleted:
                            // This format is important! Otherwise we will get `SQLite Error 11: 'database disk image is malformed'.` error!
                            database.ExecuteSqlRaw(@"INSERT INTO Chapters_FTS(Chapters_FTS, rowid, Text, Title)
                                                        VALUES('delete', {0}, {1}, {2}); ",
                                    chapterOld.Id, normalizedOldText, normalizedOldTitle);
                            break;
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                database.CommitTransaction();
            }
        }

        private static bool shouldSkipAddedChapter(Chapter chapterNew)
        {
            // TODO: add your logic to avoid indexing this item
            return false;
        }

        private static bool shouldSkipModifiedChapter(Chapter chapterNew, Chapter chapterOld)
        {
            // TODO: add your logic to avoid indexing this item
            return chapterNew.Text == chapterOld.Text && chapterNew.Title == chapterOld.Title;
        }
    }
}

namespace EFCoreSQLiteFTS.DataLayer
{
    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options)
            : base(options)
        {
        }

        public DbSet<Chapter> Chapters { get; set; }
        public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }

        public override int SaveChanges()
        {
            var changedChapters = this.GetChangedEntities<Chapter>();

            this.ChangeTracker.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false; // for performance reasons, to avoid calling DetectChanges() again.
            var result = base.SaveChanges();
            this.ChangeTracker.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = true;

            this.UpdateChapterFTS(changedChapters);
            return result;
        }
    }
}

1. Introduction
2. Installing LINQPad
3. Beginning with LINQPad
4. LINQPad Basics
5. Querying Databases with LINQ-to-SQL
6. LINQPad as a Code Scratchpad
7. General Summary
8. General Conclusions about LINQPad
9. Appendix 

USE [WideWorldImporters];
GO

SET STATISTICS IO ON;
GO


/*
Query with a hash join
*/
SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    JOIN [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol]
    ON [si].[StockItemID] = [ol].[StockItemID];
GO

ALTER TABLE [Warehouse].[StockItems] ADD  CONSTRAINT [PK_Warehouse_StockItems] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
   [StockItemID] ASC
)

CREATE NONCLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE INDEX [NCCX_Sales_OrderLines] ON [Sales].[OrderLines]
(
[OrderID],
[StockItemID],
[Description],
[Quantity],
[UnitPrice],
[PickedQuantity]
)

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_OrderLines_StockItemID]
ON [Sales].[OrderLines](
[StockItemID] ASC,
[PickedQuantity] ASC,
[OrderID])
ON [PRIMARY];
GO

SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol]
    JOIN [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    ON [ol].[StockItemID] = [si].[StockItemID]
OPTION
(RECOMPILE);
GO

CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_OrderLines_StockItemID_Compressed]
ON [Sales].[OrderLines](
[StockItemID] ASC,
[PickedQuantity] ASC,
[OrderID])
WITH (DATA_COMPRESSION = PAGE)
ON [PRIMARY];
GO

SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol]
    JOIN [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    ON [ol].[StockItemID] = [si].[StockItemID]
OPTION
(RECOMPILE);
GO

SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol] WITH (INDEX (IX_Sales_OrderLines_Perf_20160301_02))
    JOIN [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    ON [ol].[StockItemID] = [si].[StockItemID];
GO

SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol] WITH (INDEX (IX_OrderLines_StockItemID))
    JOIN [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    ON [ol].[StockItemID] = [si].[StockItemID];
GO

SELECT
    [ol].[OrderID],
    [ol].[OrderLineID],
    [ol].[StockItemID],
    [ol].[PickedQuantity],
    [si].[StockItemName],
    [si].[UnitPrice]
FROM [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol] WITH (INDEX (IX_OrderLines_StockItemID_Compressed))
    JOIN [Warehouse].[StockItems] [si]
    ON [ol].[StockItemID] = [si].[StockItemID];
GO

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM [Sales].[Orders];

SELECT COUNT_BIG (*)
FROM [Sales].[Orders];

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.CountProductsSold (
@SalesPersonID INT
) RETURNS INT

AS

BEGIN
    DECLARE @SoldCount INT;

    SELECT @SoldCount = COUNT(DISTINCT [ol].[StockItemID])
    FROM [Sales].[Orders] [o]
        JOIN [Sales].[OrderLines] [ol]
        ON [o].[OrderID] = [ol].[OrderID]
    WHERE [o].[SalespersonPersonID] = @SalesPersonID

    RETURN (@SoldCount);

END

SELECT
    [FullName] AS [SalesPerson],
    [dbo].[CountProductsSold]([PersonID]) AS [NumberOfProductsSold]
FROM [Application].[People]
WHERE [IsSalesperson] = 1;

SELECT
    [fs].[last_execution_time],
    [fs].[execution_count],
    [fs].[total_logical_reads]/[fs].[execution_count] [AvgLogicalReads],
    [fs].[max_logical_reads],
    [t].[text],
    [p].[query_plan]
FROM sys.dm_exec_function_stats [fs]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text([fs].sql_handle) [t]
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan([fs].[plan_handle]) [p];

public class UserFactory
{
    public User CreateUser(string email) {
        return new User(email);
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;

namespace ValueOf
{
    public class ValueOf<TValue, TThis> where TThis : ValueOf<TValue, TThis>, new()
    {
        private static readonly Func<TThis> Factory;

        /// <summary>
        /// WARNING - THIS FEATURE IS EXPERIMENTAL. I may change it to do
        /// validation in a different way.
        /// Right now, override this method, and throw any exceptions you need to.
        /// Access this.Value to check the value
        /// </summary>
        protected virtual void Validate()
        {
        }

        static ValueOf()
        {
            ConstructorInfo ctor = typeof(TThis)
                .GetTypeInfo()
                .DeclaredConstructors
                .First();

            var argsExp = new Expression[0];
            NewExpression newExp = Expression.New(ctor, argsExp);
            LambdaExpression lambda = Expression.Lambda(typeof(Func<TThis>), newExp);

            Factory = (Func<TThis>)lambda.Compile();
        }

        public TValue Value { get; protected set; }

        public static TThis From(TValue item)
        {
            TThis x = Factory();
            x.Value = item;
            x.Validate();

            return x;
        }

        protected virtual bool Equals(ValueOf<TValue, TThis> other)
        {
            return EqualityComparer<TValue>.Default.Equals(Value, other.Value);
        }

        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            if (obj is null)
                return false;

            if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj))
                return true;

            return obj.GetType() == GetType() && Equals((ValueOf<TValue, TThis>)obj);
        }

        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return EqualityComparer<TValue>.Default.GetHashCode(Value);
        }

        public static bool operator ==(ValueOf<TValue, TThis> a, ValueOf<TValue, TThis> b)
        {
            if (a is null && b is null)
                return true;

            if (a is null || b is null)
                return false;

            return a.Equals(b);
        }

        public static bool operator !=(ValueOf<TValue, TThis> a, ValueOf<TValue, TThis> b)
        {
            return !(a == b);
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return Value.ToString();
        }
    }
}

public class EmailAddress : ValueOf<string, EmailAddress> { }

EmailAddress emailAddress = EmailAddress.From("foo@bar.com");

public class Address : ValueOf<(string firstLine, string secondLine, Postcode postcode), Address> { }